回收垃圾出奇招 印尼推出“塑料公交車”
印度尼西亞泗水市爲了鼓勵市民積極回收垃圾，推出了“塑料公交車”活動，乘客乘坐公交車時可以用塑料瓶兌換公交車票。
Dozens of people clutching bags full of plastic bottles and disposable cups queue at a busy bus terminal in the Indonesian city of Surabaya -- where passengers can swap trash for travel tickets.
在印度尼西亞泗水市一個繁忙的公交終點站，數十名乘客手持裝滿塑料瓶和一次性杯子的袋子在排隊，他們可以用垃圾換取車票。
clutch[klʌtʃ]：v.緊握
The nation is the world's second-biggest marine polluter and has pledged to reduce plastic waste in its waters some 70 percent by 2025 by boosting recycling, raising public awareness, and curbing usage.
印尼是全球第二大海洋污染國，該國承諾到2025年，通過加強回收利用、提高公衆意識和限制使用，將其水域的塑料垃圾減少約70%。
The Surabaya scheme has been a hit in the city of 2.9 million, with nearly 16,000 passengers trading trash for free travel each week, according to authorities.
印尼有關部門稱，“泗水計劃”在這座290萬人口的城市大受歡迎，每週有近1.6萬名乘客用垃圾換車票。
"This is a very smart solution. It's free and instead of throwing away bottles people now collect them and bring them here," explains 48-year-old resident Fransiska Nugrahepi.
“這是一個非常聰明的解決方案。車票可以免費換取，現在人們不再把瓶子扔掉，而是把它們收集起來帶到公交站，”48歲的居民弗朗西斯卡•努哈何比解釋說。
An hour-long bus ride with unlimited stops costs three large bottles, five medium bottles or 10 plastic cups. But they must be cleaned and cannot be squashed.
一小時不限站的巴士車程車票需要用3個大瓶子、5箇中號瓶子或10個塑料杯來換取。但瓶子必須得到清洗，且不能被壓扁。
Franki Yuanus, a Surabaya transport official, says the programme aims not only to cut waste but also to tackle traffic congestion by encouraging people to switch to public transit.
泗水交通官員弗蘭基•元努斯表示，該項目不僅爲了減少浪費，還爲了鼓勵人們乘坐公共交通，以解決交通擁堵問題。
"There has been a good response from the public," insists Yuanus, adding: "Paying with plastic is one of the things that has made people enthusiastic because up until now plastic waste was just seen as useless."
元努斯說：“公衆反響不錯。用塑料瓶付款是讓人們熱情高漲的原因之一，因爲在此之前，人們認爲塑料垃圾毫無用處。”
Currently the fleet consists of 20 near-new buses, each with recycling bins and ticket officers who roam the aisles to collect any leftover bottles.
目前，車隊由20輛幾乎全新的巴士組成，每輛巴士都配有回收箱和檢票員，檢票員會在車廂過道里來回走動，收集剩餘的瓶子。
Authorities said roughly six tons of plastic rubbish are collected from passengers each month before being auctioned to recycling companies.
有關部門表示，每月能從乘客那裏收集到大約6噸塑料垃圾，之後會將垃圾賣給回收公司。
Nurhayati Anwar, who uses the bus about once a week with her three-year-old son, said the trash swap programme is changing how people see their throwaway cups and bottles.
努爾哈亞蒂·安瓦爾和她三歲的兒子大約每週乘坐一次公交車。她說，垃圾換車票項目正在改變人們對一次性杯子和瓶子的看法。
"Now people in the office or at home are trying to collect (rubbish) instead of just throwing it away,” the 44-year-old accountant told AFP after trading in several bottles for a free ride.
在用幾個瓶子換取了一張車票後，這位44歲的會計師對法新社說：“現在人們在辦公室或家裏都在收集垃圾，而不是直接把垃圾扔掉。”
"We now know that plastic is not good for the environment -- people in Surabaya are starting to learn."
“我們現在知道塑料不環保，泗水的人們開始意識到這一點。”
Other parts of Indonesia, an archipelago of some 17,000 islands, are also trying to tackle the issue.
印度尼西亞的其他地區也在努力解決這個問題，這個羣島國家由大約1.7萬個島嶼組成。
Bali is phasing in a ban on single-use plastic straws and bags to rid the popular holiday island of waste choking its waterways, while authorities in the capital Jakarta are considering a similar bylaw to rid the city of plastic shopping bags.
巴厘島正逐步禁止使用一次性塑料吸管和塑料袋，以清除這個度假勝地島嶼上堵塞水道的垃圾。與此同時，首都雅加達的有關部門也在考慮制定類似的法規，以清除該市的塑料購物袋。
phase in：逐步採用；分階段引入
choke[tʃəʊk]：vt.阻塞；抑制
6月14日，海灘清潔人員在亨德森島撿垃圾。（IAIN MCGREGOR/法新社） Governments around the globe are increasingly taking measures to curb the menace of disposable plastic.
世界各國政府都在採取更多措施遏制一次性塑料的威脅。
A 2016 report by the Ellen MacArthur Foundation warned there would be more plastic than fish, by weight, in the seas by 2050.
艾倫·麥克阿瑟基金會2016年的一份報告警告稱，到2050年，海洋中塑料的重量將超過魚類。
It estimated eight million tonnes of plastics enter oceans annually.
據估計，每年有800萬噸塑料進入海洋。
It added: "This is equivalent to dumping the contents of one garbage truck into the ocean every minute. If no action is taken, this is expected to increase to two per minute by 2030 and four per minute by 2050."
該基金會還表示：“這相當於每分鐘向海洋傾倒一輛垃圾車的塑料。如果不採取行動，預計到2030年，這一數字將增至每分鐘兩輛，到2050年將增至每分鐘4輛。
