作爲經理遇到難題時如何化解

Being a manager is a heady position. But this role also comes with certain responsibilities and many anxieties.

Young managers may not have all the right skills needed to fulfill their managerial duties. If you've been a manager for a while, you may be getting frustrated that your company hasn't yet promoted you further. At various stages of your managerial tenure, different types of questions and doubts may linger in your mind.

Often, a frank conversation with your superiors, your peers or even your team members -- depending on the situation -- can help resolve your quandaries. Here are some other ways to tackle five common dilemmas that managers face in their jobs or in their careers.

Poor people skills

As a manager, one of your most important jobs is to communicate with and motivate your team members and also to deal with other team heads and higher-ups in your organization.

To do this effectively, it's essential that you have the ability to work and communicate with various types of people, including those junior and senior to you. That could be a challenge, particularly for someone who is an introvert.

One way to get more comfortable around people, especially your team, is to spend more time with them. Consider setting up a weekly lunch or coffee with your team members and use the opportunity to ask about their work and how it can be improved. Remember, you don't have to become their best friend.

At the same time, check if your organization has any programs to help out people in your situation. For instance, some organizations have programs in which the manager is 'assigned a buddy, mentor or can be coached on the skill he needs,' says Neetasha Joshi, senior vice president and head of human resources at Tata AIG Life Insurance Co. Ltd.

The challenge of decision-making

A manager's decisions can have an impact on an entire team, so your decisions are more important than ever before. But not all of us are born with good decision-making skills. How do you acquire them?

One way could be by observing your superiors in situations where they have to make decisions, says Alpana Sagar, vice president of human capital at Feedback Ventures, a infrastructure-service provider.

For tough decisions, ask your boss for specific guidance. It might help to read books on management and leadership skills, or maybe even take a leadership course.

When it comes to important decisions which will affect the entire team, try to canvass opinion from various parties including team members. What do they think would be the solution to a particular problem, you might ask? This can make them feel included in the decision-making process and may throw up some factors for you to consider which you might not have thought of yourself.

Career fatigue

After a few years on the job as a manager, there might come a time when you feel like you have stopped learning in your role and are stagnating. To counter this career fatigue, try to take on more responsibility or new initiatives to make your existing role more exciting.

If that's not a possibility, it might be time to consider another role in the company that you would like to take on. Figure out what skills would be needed for that role and 'then create a plan for how you want to build them,' said Praful Bhat, executive vice president of human resources at Godrej Agrovet Ltd, in an email response.

Sign up for company programs that train managers 'on new facets of the business or best practices,' says Inasu George, senior manager of business planning and transition at Fidelity National Financial India, a financial services company.

The Money question

This dilemma haunts professionals at various levels of their career.

You are ambitious and want to fatten your paycheck as soon as possible. You know there might be competitors who would pay you more and give you a better designation than you currently have. When does it make sense to jump ship?

Experts caution against being too hasty in changing jobs because in today's times it can leave a bad impression that you are money-hungry.

'First, look for a change in the same place and climb the ladder as much as (you) can,' says Ashesh Amin, director of apparel and retail at S. Kumar Nationwide Ltd. 'Improve yourself by managing and learning multiple roles.'

That will improve your market value within the organization, helping your chances for a better salary. If that doesn't happen, with your improved skills, you can get an even better job outside the organization at a later point.

Unmet expectations

You have been managing a team for a while and you feel ready to step up to the next level. Perhaps your company or boss had suggested a period of time after which you might be promoted and that has not happened. This may lead to restlessness and doubts.

To resolve this situation, first conduct an honest introspection of what you have achieved. Have you met the targets expected of you and gained the experience necessary?

Organizations often care more about the manager's depth of knowledge, rather than the number of years he or she has spent in the role, says Ms. Joshi of AIG.

Consider having a frank discussion with your boss. What else do you need to do to move to the next level? If he or she is not approachable, ask for feedback from peers, senior managers and even your team about how you are performing.

'Identify your strengths and weaknessesâ ¦before deciding a career development plan for yourself,' says Manmohan Bhutani, vice president of people and operations at Fiserv Inc, a provider of technology solutions.

If you still feel that you deserve the promotion and are getting stymied, it might be time to move on.管理崗位是個美差，不過同時也需要承擔相應的責任和許多的煩惱。

如果你是一名資歷尚淺的年輕管理者，你的煩惱也許是自己沒能擁有完成管理職責所必需的才能。而如果你已經在管理崗位呆了有一段時間，你可能又會因爲沒有得到進一步提升而有挫敗感。在管理生涯的不同階段，你會面臨不同的問題和疑慮的困擾。

通常，跟上司、平級管理者甚至你下屬的團隊成員──視具體情形而定──開誠佈公地交談一次，也許能幫助你解決困惑。以下是管理者在工作或職業生涯中常常會面臨的五類困境，以及相應的應對之策。

跟人打交道的能力有所欠缺

身爲一名管理者，你最重要的一項工作就是跟你的團隊成員溝通、激發他們的鬥志，以及與其他團隊領導以及公司高層進行溝通。

要想高效完成這項工作，有一種技能是至關重要的，那就是：跟不同的人和諧共事、溝通，這些人的職位可能比你低也可能高過你。這是一項挑戰，尤其是對於那些個性內向的人。

要想更自如地跟人相處，尤其是你的團隊成員，一個方法就是多花時間與他們共處。可以每週跟團隊成員共進一次午餐或者喝喝咖啡，利用這個機會問問他們手頭的工作進展如何、怎樣可以改進。切記，你大可不必成爲他們的知心好朋友。

同時，請留意公司是否有項目可以幫到處於你這個位置的人。塔塔AIG人壽保險公司(Tata AIG Life Insurance Co. Ltd)資深副總裁兼人力資源主管喬希(Neetasha Joshi)說，比如，有些公司會有這樣的項目，可以給項目管理者指派一個合作導師，或者可以爲其提供必要的技能指導。

決策的挑戰

管理者的決策會對整個團隊產生影響，因此，升任管理者之後，你的決策就會變得前所未有地重要。可是，不是所有人都擁有與生俱來的良好決斷力。那麼怎樣才能擁有這些決斷力呢？

基礎設施諮詢機構Feedback Ventures人力資源副總裁塞格爾(Alpana Sagar)說，一個方法就是觀察你的上司是如何做決策的。

面臨艱難的決策時，向你的老闆徵詢具體的指導。閱讀有關管理和領導力的書籍都會有所幫助，甚至還可以去上一個領導力課程。

當你需要做出事關整個團隊的重大決策時，努力征詢多方面的意見，包括你的團隊成員的意見。你可以問他們，關於某一個問題他們認爲應該有怎樣的解決方案？這樣他們會感覺自己參與了決策過程，會提出一些你自己可能考慮不到的因素。

職業倦怠

在管理崗位做了幾年之後，可能會面臨這樣一個時間節點，你感覺自己在目前的崗位上已經學不到新東西了，停滯不前了。應對這樣的職業倦怠，可以試着去承擔更多的職責和更多的開創性項目，讓你對現有的工作產生更多的激情。

如果做不到這一點，那你也許可以考慮換一個自己願意去做的新崗位。Godrej Agrovet Ltd公司的人力資源執行副總裁布哈特(Praful Bhat)在回覆我們的郵件中寫道，想清楚那個崗位需要怎樣的技能，然後給自己列一個計劃來培養這些技能。

印度富達國民金融公司(Fidelity National Financial India)負責業務規劃及轉型的資深經理喬治(Inasu George)的建議是，去申請公司那些能夠在業務新領域及最佳實踐方面鍛鍊管理者的項目。

收入問題

職場人士在職業生涯的不同階段都會遇到這個難題。

你滿懷雄心壯志，希望自己的待遇能夠儘快提高。你知道目前所在公司的競爭對手可以給你開出更高的薪酬，給你更好的任命。什麼時候纔是恰當的跳槽時機呢？

專家的提醒是，不要輕易跳槽，因爲在如今的時勢之下，此舉可能會給人留下你很貪財的不良印象。

S. Kumar Nationwide Ltd.公司的服飾零售總監阿明(Ashesh Amin)說，首先，要在原公司尋求轉變，儘可能地往職場階梯的高處爬升。通過嘗試不同的崗位並堅持學習來提升自我。

在原公司的努力可以提升你在人力資源市場上的價值，幫助你得到更高的待遇。即便這一點沒能實現，那你的技能也已經得到提升，以後你跳槽也能找到比現在跳槽更好的工作。

現實與期望的差距

你管理一個團隊已經有些時日了，你覺得自己應該能夠得到提升了。也許你的公司或老闆允諾一段時間之後你會得到提升，最後卻食言了。如此一來，你勢必會產生煩躁和疑慮的情緒。

要解決這個問題，首先要切實地反省自己到底取得了怎樣的成績。你達到預期的目標了嗎，獲得必要的經驗了嗎？

AIG公司的喬希女士說，公司通常考慮更多的是管理者的知識深度，而不是你在一個崗位上的工作年限。

可以去跟老闆進行一次坦率的交談：要得到進一步的升遷你還需要在哪方面有所改進？如果沒法跟老闆談，可以找你的平級管理者、比你資深的管理者甚至是你的團隊成員，詢問他們對你的表現的看法。

技術解決方案供應商Fiserv Inc公司負責人力資源和運營的副總裁布塔尼(Manmohan Bhutani)說，在做出職業發展規劃之前，先要了解自己的強項和弱點。

如果你堅持認爲自己應該得到提升卻未能如願，那麼也許你真的是該另謀高就了。