不可不知的演講技巧：精彩演講必學十招

We've all heard the statistic that says people fear public speaking More than just about anything else. The good news is if you can focus on these 10 tips you'll be on your way to breaking past the fear and onto delivering a powerful speech that engages your audience.
據統計，面對公衆發表演講是人們最害怕的一件事。不過好消息來了，如果你能遵循以下十點提示，你便能夠克服對演講的恐懼心理，開始一場精彩的、讓觀衆投入的演講。

1. Condense Your Main Message. Ideally you should get it down to a 30 second blurb. How do you do that? Start with the goal of your speech. Is it to convey knowledge? If so what is the main thrust? Perhaps your goal is to inspire your audience to take action. If so, what action do you want them to take Maybe your goal is to make your audience feel something. This is your overarching message. Write your first draft without attention to length at first. Once you've done that, then condense it. When you deliver your speech, touch on it at least 3 times or whenever appropriate, but be sure to include it in the beginning, middle, and especially at the end.
1.濃縮你的演講主題。你最好能將你演講的主題精簡到只有30秒的一段話。爲此你要怎麼做呢？這就必須從你的演講目的着手。它是用來傳達知識嗎？如何是，那麼它的重點是什 麼？或許你的演講目的是呼籲聽衆行動起來，那麼你希望他們要採取什麼行動呢？或許你就是爲了讓聽衆們有所感悟。這些最重要的內容纔是你需要在演講中強調的。首先，寫出首稿，不必理會字數是多少。一旦初稿完成，就要濃縮它。在演講時，在任何適當的時機重複你的演講主題三遍以上，但是，你一定要在演講的開始，中段，尤其要在末尾提及到演講主題。

2. Have Three Main Points. Even if you need to cover many different ideas, try to categorize them into 3 main points that all tie back to your Main Message. Let your audience know you'll be talking about those 3 main points in the beginning. This will help them to follow along, especially if you are not using visual aids. And keep in mind that this holds true regardless of the length of your speech.
2.三個要點。這適用於長短不同的演說。即使你必須表達很多不同的想法，你也要盡力將它們歸納成圍繞主題的三個要點。在演講開始時讓你的聽衆知道你會談論這三要點。這會有助於他們緊跟你的思路，特別是讓你在沒有使用其他視覺輔助工具的時候，仍然保持聽衆的注意力。

3. Include only the Most Powerful Data and Facts. Like preparing your main message, collect all the data you think you might want to include in your speech. Then go through it all and include only the data that helps you dramatically drive home your main message and your 3 main points. Less is more. If the data doesn't pack a punch don't include it.
3.列舉最有力的資料和事實。如同準備你的演講主題，將所有可能包含到演講中的資料都收集起來。然後詳細地分析它們，選取最能充分表現演講主題和三個要點的資料。緊記：寧缺毋濫。如果那些資料不能強有力地支持主題，就不要用它們。

4. Visual Aids. Keep Powerpoint presentations as concise as possible. Use as few words as you can and whenever possible use pictures and graphics instead.
4.藉助視覺輔助工具。儘可能將幻燈片製作得簡明扼要。儘量使用圖畫和圖表以代替文字。

5. Speech Outline Cue Cards. If you must use a prompt, use flash cards that only contain an outline of your speech with the main topics and facts. Reading from a script will sound like just that and will most likely not engage your audience.
5.使用演講卡片。如果你在演講的時候一定需要提示，那麼就使用一些只寫有要點和事例的提綱小卡片。讀稿式的演講聽上去只會像是讀稿，而且很可能留不住聽衆的注意力。6. Practice. Show of hands: how many of you prefer to "wing it" when making a speech? Ok, you're not alone. Now another show of hands: how many of you get up the podium and think "Oh crap, I should have practiced?" Yeah, ok, so you know where I'm headed with this. Practice. The goal is not to be able to deliver the exact words verbatim. The goal is to be able to memorize your outline, to sound natural, and feel relaxed while delivering your speech. Practice your speech at least 5 times with at least one of those times recording yourself. This will help you to edit your delivery.
6.勤加練習。想想，你們當中有多少人演講會選擇即興發揮？很好，你不是唯一一個。現在再想想，你們當中有多少人，當踏上演講臺時會想：“噢，我應該事先練習一下。”好了，那你現在明白我是什麼意思了吧。練習的目標不是能夠將每個字準確讀出來，而是要能夠記住演講的大概內容，讓演講時語氣聽上去自然一點，讓自己演講時放輕鬆。練習演講至少五次，而且至少有一次有錄音。這會有助於修正你的演講風格。

7. Release the Nerves. Before giving your speech release some of your nervous energy and pump up your confidence with some physical body movements that show strength. Do some jumping jacks. Raise your arms high. Jog around the hallway listening to some music. Stop about 5 minutes before your speech to do one last brief review of your notes.
7.釋放焦慮情緒。在發表講話前，通過進行一些簡單的運動爲自己的打氣，釋放一部分緊張情緒。比如說跳躍運動，揮舞手臂，在走廊邊慢跑邊聽音樂。在演講開始前5分鐘停下來，對筆記做最後一次簡單的回顧。

8. The Pep Talk. Before you go "on stage" give your self a pep talk. You could say something like: "I am going to deliver a powerful speech today. People will understand my powerful message and will be inspired to take action. And I am going to have fun doing this! I can't wait!"
8.運用自我激勵的話語。在你登臺演講之前，對自己說一些自我激勵的話，比方說：“今天我的演講一定會很成功！”；“聽衆一定會領會我的意思，並受到鼓舞立刻行動的！”；“我一定會演講得很開心！我已經等不及要開始了！”來鼓勵自己。

9. Smile and Have Fun. Make it a point to enjoy giving the speech. Have fun. What's the worst that could happen? You could fall down, sneeze, get dry mouth, have shallow breathing, and so on. Who cares? If it happens just keep smiling and if appropriate refer to it to produce an easy laugh for your audience. But then move on. Just like an ice skater in a competition, keep smiling no matter what and if you fall down, just get back up and keep going.
9.保持微笑，輕鬆，自在。愉快地享受演講的過程吧。什麼最壞的情況會出現？你可能會摔倒，打噴嚏，嘴巴乾渴，喘氣等等。不過誰介意呢？就算真的發生了，只需保持微笑，適當的 話讓它變成令你的聽衆輕鬆一笑的題材。然後繼續你的演講。就像比賽中的滑冰選手，就算跌倒了，也保持微笑立刻爬起來並繼續下去。

10. When You Can't Smile. Ok, the exception to smiling and having fun is if you need to deliver a very serious or solemn message. If that's the case, then cultivate the proper tone by taking a few moments before the speech to close your eyes and visualize how you want to sound and look. Visualization is a powerful form of practice.
10.當你不能笑的時候。例外的情況是，讓你要發表一場嚴肅、莊重的演講時，你不能面帶微笑。在這種情況下，演講前的幾分鐘，閉上眼睛，想一下應該用什麼適當的神態和語調來演講。想象也是一種十分有用的演講練習。