上司往往比你更喜歡自己的工作

Being in charge has its perks: More money, more control, more power. And apparently, more job satisfaction.

On Thursday, the Pew Research Centerreleased data from a recent survey that found bosses are happier than workers in their jobs. Sixty-nine percent of the people in management positions from the survey said they were satisfied with their current positions, compared with just 48 percent of rank-and-file workers. The manager respondents were also more likely than non-managers to say they consider their work a career rather than merely a job (78 percent vs. 44 percent) and were much less likely to be looking for a job than those who don’t manage others (12 percent vs. 23 percent).

They’re also more likely to be happy with their lives outside of work, to feel they’re paid fairly for what they do, and to think having children hasn’t been a hindrance to their advancement.

While those numbers may not be surprising given the age, greater income and longer careers of those typically in management, the report did find that both managers and non-managers value the exact same things (and in the exact same order) when considering a job. Enjoyable work comes first, followed by job security and then the ability to take time off to care for family. Similarly low numbers of participants cited a big salary (just 20 percent of bosses and 18 percent of workers) and opportunities for advancement (25 percent vs. 24 percent) as being important, despite presumably different access to each.

Also surprising, says Rich Morin, senior editor of Pew’s Social & Demographic Trends project, was how similar numbers of bosses and employees considered problems such as gender discrimination to be an issue. Sixty-two percent of managers and 66 percent of workers agree the country needs to make changes to solve gender inequality issues in the workplace. ”It wasn’t a case of big bad bosses and exploited workers,” Morin says. “That was an optimistic finding. On these important issues, they think alike.”

Perhaps most notable, meanwhile, is that despite the greater satisfaction and lower stress associated with being in charge, fewer people want to become managers than not. Just 39 percent of people responding to Pew’s study said they would like such a position; 43 percent said they wouldn’t. (The remaining 18 percent included those who were already managers and a few who didn’t answer.)

“Some men and women simply don’t want the headaches that come with being a boss, and some simply don’t want the long hours,” Morin says. For many, it seems, the satisfaction that comes from greater control and more money simply doesn’t outweigh the potential perils of being the one in charge.處於領導階層有其特別的好處：更高的薪水，更大的控制力，更多權利，更明顯的是更高的工作滿意度。

皮尤研究中心日前公佈了一項新調查的數據，該研究發現領導者更喜歡自己的工作。調查中69%處於管理階層的人們表示他們對自己目前的工作很滿意，而與此相比，僅48%的普通員工有同感。受調查的管理人員們與非管理人員相比也更可能說他們把自己的工作看作是一項事業而不僅僅只是一份工作（78%-44%），並且與非管理人員相比，他們去找工作的可能性也低得多（12%-23%）。

他們也更有可能對自己工作之餘的生活感到滿意，他們會感到自己得到公平的報酬，並且認爲有孩子並不會成爲他們升職的阻礙。

考慮到管理層人員的年齡、更高收入和更長在職時間等因素，這些數據或許不會太令人吃驚，但研究確實發現當談及工作時管理者和非管理者都看重同樣的東西（而且優先等級順序也完全一樣）。首先是工作內容自己要喜歡，其次是工作的穩定性，然後是能否有時間陪家人。管理層和非管理層一樣都很少有人會把高薪（僅有20%的領導者和18的員工）和晉升機會（25%的領導和24%的員工）放在首位，儘管二者獲取高薪和晉升機會的途徑不同。

皮尤社會與人口趨勢項目資深編輯裏奇·莫林說，同樣奇怪的是，員工和上司看待諸如性別歧視問題上人數是何其的相近。62%的管理者及66%的員工一致認爲應該做些改變以解決在工作場所的性別不平等待遇問題。“這不像壞老闆剝削員工的案例那樣那麼簡單，”莫林說，“這是一個令人樂觀的發現，在這些重要的問題上，他們想法一致。”

與此同時，或許是最值得一提的是，儘管更大的滿意度、更小的壓力和掌權相聯繫，想成爲管理者的人卻不多。接受皮尤調查的人中只有39%表示他們想做管理者，43%的人說不想做。（剩下的18%包括那些已經是管理者或者一些沒有回答的人。）

“一些男人和女人完全不想招惹成爲管理者的種種頭痛煩惱，一些人根本不希望長時間工作。”莫林說。對於許多人來說，更大的控制力和更多錢所帶來的滿足感在面對成爲掌權人的潛在風險時似乎都失去了吸引力。