英語六級晨讀美文閱讀

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英語六級晨讀美文閱讀：德國13歲男孩爲美國宇航局糾錯

A 13-year-old German schoolboy corrected NASA's estimates on the chances of an asteroid coHiding with Earth, a German newspaper reported Tuesday, after spotting the boffins had miscalculated,

德國一家報紙於本週二報道，德國一名13歲男孩發現並糾正了美國宇航局有關一顆小行星與地球相撞機率的計算錯誤。

Nico Marquardt used telescopic findings from the Institute of Astrophysics in Potsdam (AIP) to calculate that there was a l in 450 chance that the Apophis asteroid will collide with Earth, the Potsdamer Neuerster Nachrichten reported.

據德國《《波茨坦最新新聞》報道，這個名叫尼科·馬夸特的男孩根據波茨坦天體物理研究所天文望遠鏡獲得的數據資料，計算出阿波菲斯行星撞擊地球的機率爲1/450，而非美國宇航局之前估算的1/45000。

NASA had previously estimated the chances at only l in 45,000 but told its sister organization, the European Space Agency (ESA), that the young whizzkid had got it right.

美國宇航局得知這一消息後，告知其“兄弟_機構歐洲航天局這個“神童”的計算結果是正確的。

The schoolboy took into consideration the risk ofApophis running into one or more of the 40,000 satellites orbiting Earth during its path close to the planet on April 13,2029.

馬夸特考慮到了阿波菲斯行星在2029年4月1 3日靠近地球時與一顆或多顆圍繞地球運轉的衛星相撞的可能性。目前地球周圍的衛星達4萬顆。

Those satellites travel at 3.07 kilometres a second (1.9 miles), at up to 35,880 kilometres above earth - and the Apophis asteroid will pass by earth at a distance of 32,500 kilometres,

這些衛星位於地球上方3.588萬公里，運行速度爲每秒3.07公里，而阿波菲斯行星則預計將在距離地球3.25萬公里的地方經過。

If the asteroid strikes a satellite in 2029, that will change its trajectory malang it hit earth on its next orbit m 2036.

如果這顆小行星於2029年撞上一顆衛星.它的運行軌道就會改變，那麼它很可能將在2036年再一次靠近地球時與地球相撞。

Both NASA and Marquardt agree that if the asteraid does collide with earth, it wiIJ create a ball ofiron and iridium 320 metres wide and weiglung 200 billion tonnes, which will crash into the Atlantic Ocean.

美國宇航局與馬夸特一致認爲，如果阿波菲斯行星真的與地球相撞，將會產生一個直徑爲320米、重達2000億噸的鐵銥合金球，該球將墜人大西洋。

The shockwaves from that would create huge tsunami waves,destroying both coastbnes and inland areas, whilst creating a thick cloud of would darken the skies indeSnitely.

而由此產生的衝擊波會引發海嘯巨浪，摧毀附近的島嶼和內陸地區，同時厚厚的塵埃雲會長時間地籠罩在天空中。

The 13-year old made his discovery as part of a regional science competition for which he submitted a project entitled: "Apophis - The Killer Astroid".

馬夸特的這個新發現來自他參加一項地區科學競賽時提交的參賽項目，他的參賽項目名爲“阿波菲斯——顆殺手行星竹.

英語六級晨讀美文閱讀：自信

Some people are bom with the belief that they are masters of their own lives. Others feel they are at the mercy of fate. New research shows that part ofthose feelings are in the genes.

有些人天生就相信他們是自我生命的主宰，其他人則覺得他們受到命運的支配。一項新的研究發現這些感覺部分來自基因。

Psychologists have long known that people confident in their ability to control their destinies are more likely to adjust well to growing old than those who feel that they drifi on the currents offate.

心理學家早就知道有信心掌握自己命運的人比那些覺得自己是受命運擺佈的人更能適應老化。

Two researchers who questioned hundreds of Swedish twins report that such confidence, or lack ofit, is partly genetic and partly drawn from experience.

兩位研究學家在詢問了瑞典的好幾百對雙胞胎後報告說，這種信心，或是信心的缺乏，一部分是與基因有關，另一部分則是來自經驗的累積。

They also found that the belief in blind luck-a conviction that coincidence plays a big role ui life-is something leamed in life and has nothing to do with heredity.

他們同時發現，相信盲目運氣的人一認爲巧合在生命中扮演一個很重要的角色l-一是在生活過程中學習來的，與遺傳毫無關係。

The research was conducted at the Karolinska Institute-better known as the body that annually awards the Nobel Prue for medicine-by Nancy Pedersen of the hrstitute and Margaret Gatz, a professor of psychology at the University of Southem Califomia in Los Angeles. Their results were recently published in the United States in the Joumal of Gerontology.

這項研究是在卡洛林司卡機構裏進行的。這個機構亦是每年頒發諾貝爾醫學獎的團體。該研究是由此機構的南西·皮德森與洛杉磯南加大的心理學教授瑪格麗特·賈茲負責，他們這項研究結果最近在美國老年學的期刊上登出。

People who are confident of their ability to control their lives have an intemal locus of control", and have a better chance ofbeing well adjusted their old age, said Pedersen.

皮德森說，對自己掌握生命的能力有信心的人有一種“內在控制的基因位點"，比較能夠適應老年期。

An "extemal locus of comrol", believing that outside forces determine the course oflife, has been linked to depression in latter years, she said. "We are trying to understand what makes people different. Whatmakes some people age gracefully and others have a more difficult time?"she said.

她說，相信外在力量決定生命之旅的“外在控制的基因位點”與晚年沮喪的情緒有關。

The study showed that while people have an irtborn predilection toward independence and self-confidence, about 70 percent of this personality trait is affected by a person's environment and lifetime experiences.

她說：“我們想了解人與人之間相異的原因是什麼。是什麼原因使有些人安然悠哉地步入晚年，而有些人則比較困難呢

Pedersen's studies, with various collaborators, probe the aging process by comparing sets of twins, both identical and fratemal, many of whom were separated at an early age.

這項研究顯示—有人能夠擁有天生的自信與獨立，而70%查這種仝性的人，會受到環境與一生的經驗壓影響。

The subjects were drawn from a roster first compiled about 30 years ago registering all twins bom in Sweden since 1886. The complete list,which was extended in 1971, has 95,000 sets of twins.

皮德森和許多不同的研究學者通過對雙胞胎的比較，探討了老化的過程。這些同卵及異卵雙胞胎有許多都在很小的時候就分開了.研究對象是從.本30年前編纂的名冊抽出來的。這本名冊登記有自1886年以來所有在瑞典出生的雙胞胎。這份完整的名單—直延續到1971年，共行95000對雙胞