歐元區領導人就希臘問題達成協議 Eurozone leaders reach deal on Greece

At a press conference after the all-night talks the German chancellor said the deal was worth 86-87bn over three years. She added that trust with Greece “needed to be rebuilt.”

在歐元區領導人通宵談判之後舉行的記者招待會上，德國總理默克爾(Merkel)表示，根據與希臘達成的協議，各方將在三年裏向希臘提供860億至870億歐元援助。她補充道，對希臘的信任“需要重建。”

As dawn broke in Brussels after 14 hours of arguments, the Greek prime minister, Mr Tsipras, appeared to have bowed to pressure to pass tough reform laws, including on tax and pensions, by Wednesday and prepare further rapid reforms this month.

破曉時分，在布魯塞爾進行了長達14個小時的爭論後，希臘總理齊普拉斯(Tsipras)似乎已低頭接受了各方對希臘提出的要求，即不晚於本週三通過嚴苛的改革法案（包括稅收和養老金改革），並在本月籌備進一步的迅速改革。

The euro jumped on news of a deal, up to $1.1175 against the dollar, while Bunds prices were sharply weaker, showing much lower demand for safe havens.

消息傳出後，歐元兌美元匯率升至1歐元兌換1.1175美元，德國國債價格大幅下跌，表明避險需求已顯著降低。

Donald Tusk, European Council president, said: “The decision gives Greece the chance to get back on track with the support of its European partners.

歐洲理事會(European Council)主席唐納德•圖斯克(Donald Tusk)表示：“這一決定給了希臘一個機會，讓其能夠在歐洲夥伴國的支持下回歸正軌。

“I welcome the progress and the constructive progress of Greece that brings back trust among European partners. Eurogroup will work with institutions to swiftly move forward the negotiations.”

“我對這一進展以及希臘邁出的建設性一步表示歡迎，希臘的這一步使得歐洲夥伴國恢復了對它的信任。歐元集團(Eurogroup)將與相關機構一起努力，快速推進協商。”

The talks had threatened to strain Ms Merkel and French president Mr Hollande’s recent efforts to bolster the EU’s key political alliance. At one point, arguments got so heated that one participant described the atmosphere among finance ministers as “violent”. The eurogroup meeting on Saturday night was suspended after German finance minister Wolfgang Schäuble lashed out at Mario Draghi, the European Central bank’s president, during a tense stand-off.

這場談判一度有可能令默克爾和法國總統奧朗德(Hollande)近期鞏固歐盟關鍵政治聯盟的努力泡湯。會上的爭論曾非常激烈，以至於一名與會者稱，財長們之間的交鋒顯得有些“暴力”。在激烈對峙中，德國財長沃爾夫岡•朔伊布勒(Wolfgang Schäuble)曾猛烈抨擊歐洲央行(ECB)行長馬里奧•德拉吉(Mario Draghi)，結果導致上週六晚的歐元集團會議暫停。

Highlighting the drama, Luxembourg has warned Germany that pressing for Grexit would bring “a profound conflict” with France and “catastrophe for Europe”. Jean Asselborn, foreign minister, told the Süddeutsche newspaper that it would be “fatal for Germany’s reputation in the EU and the world” if Berlin did not seize the chance offered by the Greek reform promises.

凸顯交鋒之激烈的是，盧森堡警告德國稱，逼迫希臘退出歐元區將導致德法之間發生“嚴重衝突”，並“給歐洲帶來災難”。盧森堡外長讓•阿塞爾博恩(Jean Asselborn)對《南德意志報》(Süddeutsche)表示，如果柏林方面不抓住希臘改革承諾提供的機會，“德國在歐盟和世界的聲望都將受到致命打擊”。

Jean-Claude Juncker, the president of the European Commission who last week admitted that the EU’s executive arm had been working on a “Grexit” plan, said: “I will fight until the very last millisecond to have a deal and I hope there will be a deal.”

歐盟委員會(European Commission)主席讓-克洛德•容克(Jean-Claude Juncker)稱：“爲了達成協議，我將鬥爭到最後一毫秒。我希望能夠達成一項協議。”他上週承認，歐盟的這家執行機構一直在研究一項“希臘退出歐元區”的計劃。

The delay tested to the limit the ECB’s capacity to keep providing Greek banks with emergency finance. With the Greek economy deteriorating, rescue costs have risen to 82bn-86bn, according to a eurogroup finance ministers’ draft statement, including 12bn needed in the next month and 10bn “immediately” for bank recapitalisation.

此次延期考驗了歐洲央行繼續爲希臘銀行提供緊急融資的能力極限。歐元集團財長聲明草案顯示，隨着希臘經濟不斷惡化，紓困成本已升至820億至860億歐元，包括下個月需要的120億歐元以及銀行資本重組“馬上”需要的100億歐元。

Arriving in Brussels, Mr Tsipras said: “I am here ready for a compromise. We owe that to the people of Europe who want Europe united and not divided.”

齊普拉斯在抵達布魯塞爾時說：“我來這裏就是準備妥協的。爲了那些希望歐洲團結而非分裂的歐洲人民，這是我們應盡的責任。”

As set out in the finance ministers’ draft statement, Athens has committed to pass legislation on value added tax, pensions and creating an independent institution to tackle fiscal reforms before Thursday, and has shown willingness to agree other tough reforms.

正如財長聲明草案中所列出的，雅典方面已承諾通過有關增值稅、養老金及在本週四前建立一家獨立機構以處理財政改革的立法，而且表明願意答應實施其他艱難的改革。

Germany exerted maximum pressure, with the finance ministry raising the possibility of a five-year timeout from the eurozone for Greece, and transferring 50bn of assets to an “external fund” for privatisation to help fund debt repayment. Among Germany’s staunchest allies is Finland, where the populist Finns party threatened to resign from the two-month-old coalition government if a Greek bailout went ahead.

德國方面施加的壓力最大，德國財政部提出了希臘暫離歐元區五年的可能性，還提出讓希臘轉移500億歐元資產至一支致力於私有化的“外部基金”，以便爲償債籌措資金。芬蘭是德國最堅定的盟友之一，該國奉行民粹主義的芬蘭人黨(Finns party)威脅稱，如果希臘紓困繼續下去，該黨將退出成立僅兩個月的聯合政府。