研究發現:"神奇蘑菇"可改變人的性格

Perhaps a new academic study might help explain some of the weirder outfits worn at raves and rock festivals.

也許一項新的學術研究將有助於解釋爲什麼在銳舞和搖滾節上的一些奇裝異服。

A single (high) dose of so-called 'magic' mushrooms was found to change people's personalities, making people More 'open', said researchers.

研究人員說，據發現，一個單次（高）劑量的所謂的“神奇”蘑菇可以改變人的性格，可以讓人變得更“開放”。

A single high dose of the hallucinogen psilocybin, the active ingredient in so-called 'magic mushrooms' - which grow wild in the UK and parts of the US, as well as countries such as Mexico and Thailand - was enough to bring about a measurable personality change lasting at least a year in nearly 60 percent of the people.

所謂的“神奇蘑菇”在英國和美國的部分地區野生，也出現在比如墨西哥、泰國等國家。它的有效成分是單次高劑量的迷幻劑，對60%的人來說，它足夠讓人產生最少持續一年的、可測量到的性格變化。

Study leader Roland R. Griffiths, a professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine said that so many of the study participants still exhibited changes after a year the changes were 'likely to be permanent.'

該研究的領導者，來自約翰霍普金斯大學醫學院的精神病學及行爲科學教授Roland R. Griffiths說，很多的研究參與者在一年之後仍表現出性格的變化，這項變化“很有可能是永久的”。

Nearly all of the participants in the new study considered themselves spiritually active (participating regularly in religious services, prayer or meditation). More than half had postgraduate degrees. Volunteers were considered to be psychologically healthy.

幾乎這項新研究中的所有參與者都認爲他們精神上積極（他們定期參加宗教服務、祈禱或冥想）。超過半數以上擁有研究生學位。這些志願者們心理都很健康。

The study participants completed two to five eight-hour drug sessions - where they were encouraged to 'focus' on the drug experience. During each session, participants were encouraged to lie down on a couch, use an eye mask to block external visual distraction, listen to music and focus their attention on their inner experiences.

研究參與者完成了兩到五次8小時的藥物會議，在那裏，他們被鼓勵集中精力在藥物體驗上。每一次會議期間，參與者都被鼓勵躺在沙發上，用眼罩阻隔外部視覺以防分心，聽着音樂，將注意力集中在他們的內心體驗上。

Lasting change was found in the part of the personality known as openness, which includes traits related to imagination, aesthetics, feelings, abstract ideas and broad-mindedness. The changes were bigger than what one might normally expect to occur over decades.

根據發現，他們性格“開放”的那一部分發生了持續的變化，特稱表現在包括想象力、美感、情感、抽象概念以及廣闊的胸懷上。這些變化比通常人們期望的要大，通常的變化預期都超過了10年。

Griffiths says he believes the personality changes found in this study are likely permanent - and speculated that controlled use of the substance could lead to treatments for the depression suffered by cancer patients. He also speculated that the drug could help people give up smoking.

Griffiths相信，研究發現的這種性格變化很可能永久持續。他還推測，有控制的運用這種物質有可能可以治療癌症病人的抑鬱，沒準還能有助於人們戒菸。