中國空氣質量達標城市不足10%

Only 9 percent of people in China live in an environment that meets the national air quality standards, according to a scientific journal article.

根據一篇科學期刊文章表示，只有9％的中國人生活在符合國家空氣質量標準的環境下。

The article, published in a scientific journal of the Nature Publishing Group Scientific Reports on October 15, and authored by two experts from the Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, said that among the 190 cities they monitored, only 25 met national air quality standards.

該文10月15日發表於自然出版集團科研報告這一科學期刊，由南京信息科技大學的兩位專家撰寫，文章指出，在他們監測的190個城市中，只有25個達到國家空氣質量標準。

Analysts said they believe that although China has made headway in recent years in protecting the environment, there's a long way to go.

分析專家表示，中國雖然近年來在保護環境方面取得了顯著進展，但現實情況仍是任重而道遠。

The two authors analyzed the density of PM2.5 - airborne particles smaller than 2.5 microns in diameter and a major air pollutant - collected from the latest air quality monitoring network of China's Ministry of Environmental Protection in 190 major cities from April 2014 to April 2015.

兩位作者分析了PM2.5濃度，PM2.5是指空氣中直徑小於2.5微米的顆粒，是主要的空氣污染物，數據採集自中國環保部在190個主要城市從2014年4月至2015年4月的最新空氣質量監測網。

The article said that the population-weighted exposure to PM2.5 is 61 micrograms per cubic meter, three times higher than the global level.

文章指出，人口增加造成PM2.5爲每立方米61微克，高於全球水平的三倍。

It also concluded that the PM2.5 density is generally higher in northern China than in the south, and that the density is higher in inland than coastal cities.

文章還總結到，PM2.5濃度總體來說，北方高於南方，內陸高於沿海。

"There is less rainfall in northern China and emissions from coal-fired heating plants in winter have led to a high density in these areas," Qi Zhiqiang, a research fellow from the Nanjing University-ISC Environmental Health and Safety Academy, told the Global Times.

“中國北方降雨較少，冬季燃煤供熱廠的廢棄排放導致了在這些區域的高密度” ，齊志強，南京大學ISC環境健康與安全研究院的研究員，告訴環球時報。

Qi added that based on another report on 161 cities, only 16 cities met national standards in 2014, mostly located in the Pearl River Delta region.

齊補充說，根據對161個城市的另一份報告中，2014年只有16個城市達到國家標準，這些城市主要分佈在珠三角地區。

The article also said the density of PM2.5 generally peaks in winter and drops during summer. Aside from geographical factors, a greater amount of PM2.5 is found in spring in the northwestern, central and western parts of China and autumn in eastern China due to sandstorms and open biomass burning.

文章還稱PM2.5濃度的最高值一般在冬季，夏季期間有所下降。除了地理因素，在西北部、中部和西部地區，春季由於沙塵暴影響，；在東部地區，秋季因露天的生物質燃燒，PM2.5濃度也較高。

A report released by environmental campaign group Greenpeace in July showed that PM2.5 density ranked highest in Beijing, Henan and Hebei provinces, while Yunnan and Hainan provinces as well as the Tibet Autonomous Region enjoy the best air quality.

由環保運動綠色和平組織在七月發佈的報告顯示，PM2.5濃度在北京、河南、河北等省排名最高，而云南和海南省以及西藏自治區能享受到最佳的空氣質量。

The density level of PM2.5 particles in a day radically changes after 4 pm, since vehicular traffic increases, according to the article.

PM2.5一天的濃度水平在下午4點以後會發生很大的變化，因爲車輛流量增加，根據文章指出。

The article added that the government needs to determine the specific cause in certain places, as the PM2.5 density varies from place to place and at different times.

文章還指出，政府需要確定某些區域高的具體原因，因爲地域和時間不同，PM2.5濃度也各不相同。

Zhang Yuanxun, an expert at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told the Global Times that it took time to tackle the problem, and has called for stricter law enforcement and harsher punishments.

張元勳，一位中國科學院專家，告訴環球時報，解決這一問題需要時間，並呼籲更嚴格的執法和更嚴厲的懲罰措施。

China has implemented a new environmental protection law, dubbed as the strictest ever law.

中國已經實施了新的環境保護法，並被戲稱爲有史以來最嚴格的法律。