巴黎高定品牌,現在由女性主宰大綱

Women Are Defining Paris Couture

巴黎高定品牌，現在由女性主宰

PARIS — Something unexpected has happened at the Paris couture — the tippy tippy top of the European fashion pyramid and the beating heart of its identity. Steadily, quietly, seemingly overnight (though obviously not) it has become defined by women: not those to whom it caters, but those in charge.

巴黎——巴黎高定作爲歐洲時尚金字塔的最頂端以及它跳動的心臟，發生了一件意想不到的事情。平和地、靜悄悄地、彷彿就在一夜之間（儘管顯然不是），它已被女性所定義：女人不僅僅是時裝週所要迎合的對象，她們也成了執掌大權的人。

The three Most famous French couture houses are now designed by women: at Chanel, Virginie Viard is artistic director; at Dior, Maria Grazia Chiuri; and at Givenchy, Clare Waight Keller. Meanwhile, the most singular newgen brand on the schedule, Iris van Herpen, is (duh) run by its namesake. That may not sound like a lot, but in a contracting discipline it means the balance of the power of influence is in their hands. Like what they do or not — and the results were mixed — there is no question, as the shows got underway, that a troika dominated the conversation.

法國最著名的三大時裝公司現在都由女設計師擔綱：維爾吉尼·維亞德（Virginie Viard）在香奈兒（Chanel）擔任藝術總監；迪奧(Dior)的藝術總監是瑪麗亞·格拉齊亞·基烏里（Maria Grazia Chiuri）；紀梵希（Givenchy）則是克萊爾·維特·凱勒（Clare Waight Keller）。與此同時，當前最獨特的新一代品牌艾莉絲·範·赫本（Iris van Herpen）則由她本人運營（哈）。聽起來可能不多，但是根據合同約束，這意味着影響力的平衡掌握在她們手中。無論她們做什麼、不做什麼——其結果是好壞參半——毫無疑問，隨着走秀繼續進行，女性的三駕馬車主導了對話。

And that, in itself, is a step forward.

而這本身就是向前邁出的一步。

On Monday night, Marlène Schiappa, the French minister of state for gender equality, presented the Légion d’honneur to Ms. Chiuri. In front of a crowd that included Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Bianca Jagger and a host of cheering LVMH Moet Hennessy Louis Vuitton executives, Ms. Schiappa put it this way: "You proved to all women you could change things by doing it yourself."

週一晚上，法國負責性別平等的國務祕書馬萊娜·夏帕（Marlène Schiappa）向基烏里頒發了榮譽軍團勳章。觀禮者包括希瑪曼達·恩戈齊·阿迪奇（Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie）、比安卡·賈格爾（Bianca Jagger）和一羣歡呼雀躍的LVMH酩悅軒尼詩-路易威登（LVMH Moet Hennessy Louis Vuitton）高管，夏帕是這樣說的：“你向所有女性證明，你可以通過自己的努力改變一些事情。”

Then she applauded Ms. Chiuri's work to recast Dior as a feminist brand (heavy-handed though the messaging can be). This happened a few hours after a Dior show in which Ms. Chiuri focused on clothes as the "first space in which you define yourself," and couture as the ultimate in personalization.

然後，她稱讚了基烏里將迪奧重塑爲一個女權主義品牌的努力（儘管傳達的信息可能很強硬）。這件事發生在迪奧時裝秀的幾個小時之後，在這場秀上，基烏里把時裝作爲“你定義自己的第一個空間”，而高級定製時裝則是個性化的終極體現。

That she did so with a collection that was almost entirely in black was both a declaration of self — "black is a very personal color to me," she said backstage before the show, wearing a black kimono, a black shirt and pants highlighting the details in pieces straight from her Dior vernacular. But look closer at the Bar jackets, spaghetti-strap party gowns and small-shoulder tailored coats, and note the sheer point d'esprit undershirts beneath the corsetry, the feathered fishnet shoes climbing to the thighs under a puff skirt, the elegant drape of a coat secured on a hip. And remember: When clients order the clothes, they can choose the colors.

她用一個幾乎完全是黑色的系列呈現這一點，它們是一種自我宣言——“對我來說，黑色是非常私人的顏色”，走秀之前，她在後臺說，身穿黑色和服、黑色襯衫和褲子，局部細節直接來自她的迪奧設計語彙。但是仔細看看走秀上那些束腰夾克、意麪繫帶派對禮服和窄肩剪裁的外套，注意緊身胸衣下面那件極具精神氣質的背心、蓬鬆裙下裝飾着羽毛的過膝漁網鞋，以及系在臀部的外套上的優雅褶邊。記住：當客戶訂購衣服時，她們可以選擇不同顏色。

In this, the show was less overtly activist than some of Ms Chiuri's other collections. Though she has made something of a specialty of the slogan tee, starting with her first "We Should All be Feminists" collection, the only writing this time around belonged to Bernard Rudofsky and a question he raised in 1944 in MoMA's first fashion exhibition: "Are Clothes Modern?"

在這點上，與基烏里的其他一些系列相比，這場走秀沒有那麼鮮明的激進色彩。從她的第一個系列“我們都應該成爲女權主義者”開始，她的口號T恤一直都很有特色，但是這一次，走秀上唯一的文字來自伯納德·魯多夫斯基(Bernard Rudofsky)在1944年MoMA舉辦的第一次時裝展上提出的一個問題：“服裝是現代的嗎？”

(To be fair, Ms. Chiuri did frame the show with an installation by the feminist artist Penny Slinger, which transformed the Dior headquarters on Avenue Montaigne into an eerie watery habitat through which goddesses blinked and an ancient tree twined, so she hadn't entirely eschewed her theme.)

（公平地說，基烏里確實用了女權主義藝術家彭妮·斯林格[Penny Slinger]的一件裝置藝術來裝飾這場走秀。它將迪奧位於蒙田大道的總部變成了一個怪異的水鄉，女神們到處擠眉弄眼，一棵古樹枝幹纏繞，所以她並沒有完全迴避自己的主題。）

Ms. Chiuri didn't answer the question, exactly, and her relentless procession of princess dresses, her iteration after iteration of nipped-in waists and molded hips, can seem stuck paying allegiance to another era (the silvery twists in an armor-like lamé column, on the other hand, had a resolutely contemporary cast). But in her insistence on a woman's right to choose — what goes on her body as well as everything else — the designer is very much of her moment.

基烏里沒有確切地回答這個問題，她沒完沒了地推出公主裙，一而再、再而三地推出收腰和掐臀的造型，這似乎是對另一個時代的忠誠（另一方面，一條盔甲般的金銀線繡塔裙上的銀色曲線，有着堅定的當代元素）。但她堅持女性有權選擇自己的身體和其他一切，這位設計師是她所處的環境塑造的。

Just as Ms. Viard, the former right hand of Karl Lagerfeld who has been charged with carrying on his legacy at Chanel, seemed in her debut solo couture show to be edging the house ever so slightly into a new era: One a little more focused on who wears the pants.

正如卡爾·拉格斐(Karl Lagerfeld)曾經的得力助手維爾吉尼·維亞德（她被委以重任，在香奈兒延續他的傳奇）在她的首個高定秀所表現的那樣，她似乎把這個品牌緩緩帶入了一個新的時代：一個略微更關注家裏誰“穿褲子”（也有做主的意思——譯註）的時代。

Literally. Pants (cut loose and long in tweed bouclé, mousseline and silk satin, paired with neat jackets or cast as a jumpsuit) dominated the collection. Worn largely with patent loafers or white and black bow-bedecked spectator flats, sometimes generously pleated, sometimes palazzo, once even in the form of sheer skinny knickerbockers (ahem, maybe not) they made for easy walking, even into the most formal of events. See, for example, a lovely white tank feathered in chiffon, atop tiered plissé black trousers, or the shell-pink pajamas with a matching tucked and tufted kimono worn by her bride.

就是字面意思。褲裝（寬鬆、長款剪裁，粗花呢、真絲薄稠、綢緞面料，搭配整潔的夾克或做成連體衣）主導了整個系列。大多與漆皮樂福鞋或黑白蝴蝶結撞色平底鞋穿搭，有時打上寬大的褶襉，有時是闊腿褲，有一次甚至以極瘦燈籠褲的形式出現（好吧，也許不是），它們很方便行走，即使是步入最正式的場合。比如你可以看到，一件白色羽狀雪紡背心，下面是層列式黑縐緞長褲，或貝殼粉睡衣，搭配她的新娘穿着的褶皺和簇絨和服式外套。

It was a subtle but insistent shift, shown in a set that recreated a library in the round, shelves lined with faux vintage volumes of Stendhal, Flaubert and Rousseau, the whole fully in line with the Lagerfeld tradition of elaborate stage craft (Mr. Lagerfeld's famous scrawl itself was hidden amid the sequined embroidery on a minidress). And it was embedded in a collection otherwise largely familiar (and full of comfortable continuity): long bouclé coats lined by rows of diamanté and pearl buttons; miniskirts and sparkly cocktail dresses paired with cropped puff-shoulder bomber jackets; high-collar white shirts and tuxedo bib velvets; an evening section of simple silver screen-era silks and satin slithers. Still, it was notable.

這是個微妙而堅決的轉變，秀場的背景完全再現了一個圖書館，書架上排列着仿古董的司湯達、福樓拜和盧梭的作品，整體上完全符合拉格菲的精緻舞臺藝術傳統（拉格菲著名的塗鴉本身是隱藏在超短連衣裙上的亮片刺繡）。它被嵌入一個在其他方面基本上都很熟悉的系列（而且是充滿舒適的連續性）：鑲有鑽石和珍珠鈕釦的長款結子線織物外套；迷你裙和閃亮的雞尾酒裙搭配短款蓬鬆肩短夾克；高領白襯衫搭配燕尾服圍兜天鵝絨；簡潔的銀幕時代綢緞長裙晚裝。雖然如此，但依然引人注意。

Because if there were less creative fireworks in Ms. Viard's work than Mr. Lagerfeld's, and there were, there was also less fuss. These days, there is more than enough of that elsewhere.

因爲如果維亞德的作品中沒有拉格菲那麼多的創意噱頭，就是這樣，而且也沒有那麼多的鋪陳。如今，這個在其他地方已經足夠多了。

As for Ms. van Herpen, she has carved her own sui generis path, one marked by a conceptual attitude that combines traditional handwork with technology, so that universal subject matter — nature, the body, power — and classic fabrics (duchess satin, organza, cotton, tulle) are treated with entirely forward-looking techniques: laser printing and cutting, heat bonding, and the occasional piece of metal. It makes for a mesmerizing result, and not just because this time she centered her show around a kinetic sculpture titled "Omniverse" by the artist Anthony Howe that gracefully twisted and torqued in its own natural ballet throughout her presentation — but because her clothes do the same thing.

至於範·赫本，她已經開闢出自己獨樹一幟的道路，其標誌是一種將傳統手工與技術相結合的觀念態度，以便自然、身體、力量這樣的普遍主題和經典面料（公爵緞、歐根紗、棉布、薄紗）可以用完全前瞻性的技術進行處理：激光打印和切割、熱粘合和偶爾出現一塊金屬。這帶來一種迷人的結果，不僅因爲這次她的展覽圍繞藝術家安東尼·豪伊(Anthony Howe)的動態雕塑《全能宇宙》(Omniverse)展開——在整個展示過程中，這個雕塑優雅地扭曲、轉動，跳着自然之舞——還因爲她的服裝也在做同樣的事情。

They may be based on mathematical formulas and scientific precision, and explained in impenetrable language that lauds "the hypnotic manifolds within our ecologies." But in practice they undulate around the body like sound waves given shape, or layers of geologic time; float from shoulders in wings of plissé; and shimmer with vague suggestions of the past — doesn’t that shape look a little Renaissance, that one a bit 19th-century? — and future.

它們可能基於數學公式和精密科技，並以令人費解的語言加以闡釋，讚美“我們生態系統中的催眠流形”。但實際上，它們在身體周圍波動起伏，像給定形狀的聲波或地質年代層；從肩上飄起縐布翅膀；閃爍着對過去——那個形狀是不是有點文藝復興的味道，那個又有點19世紀的味道？——以及未來的模糊暗示。

We tend to get distracted, when discussing couture, by the cost of the clothes, and the petites mains and their time-honored skills, and whether we think it is good or bad or frivolous or historic.

談論高級定製時裝時，我們往往容易分心，去留意服裝的成本、細緻的手法和久負盛名的技藝，以及我們是否認爲它是好是壞，是輕率還是有年代感。

But it's worth taking a moment to consider what an enormous shift these women represent — and from what might have been seen as the most unlikely place. Couture, after all, is traditionally considered the most hidebound part of an industry latterly famous for being built on the practice of men dictating to women how they should look. Not any more. Not now.

但有必要花點時間思考一下，這些女性所代表的巨大轉變——它出自一個一直被認爲最不可能的領域。畢竟，在一個近來建立在男性主宰女性着裝形象之上而聞名的行業，高級定製時裝在傳統上被認爲是其中最保守的部分。不再如此了。至少現在。

Now it's either an anomaly, or a harbinger.

現在它或者是一種異常，或者是一種預示。