中國將首次登陸月球背面
China is planning to be the first country to land a lunar probe on the far side of the moon, a Chinese lunar probe scientist said Tuesday.
週二，一名月球探測工程師介紹，中國正計劃發射探測器到月球背面，成爲首個登陸月球背面的國家。The mission will be carried out by Chang'e-4, a backup probe for Chang'e-3, and is slated to be launched before 2020, said Zou Yongliao from the moon exploration department under the Chinese Academy of Sciences at a deep-space exploration forum Tuesday.
週二，在深空探測論壇上，中科院探月工程部的鄒永廖介紹，該任務將由嫦娥四號完成，作爲嫦娥三號的後續探測器，嫦娥四號預計在2020年前發射升空。Zou said government organs have ordered experts to assess the plan over the past 12 plus months. "China will be the first to complete the task if it is successful."
鄒永廖稱，政府部門組織專家對這項計劃進行了長達一年多的評估論證，“如果成功的話，中國將成爲首個完成月球背面探測任務的國家”。
The State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense announced earlier this year that Chang'e-4 will be launched before 2020.
國防部科技工業局今年早些時候宣佈，嫦娥四號將在2020年前發射。
The far side of the moon, or "dark side of the moon" as it is more commonly called, is never visible to Earth because of gravitational forces. According to Zou, the far side of the moon has a clean electromagnetic environment, which provides an ideal field for low frequency radio study. "If we can place a frequency spectrograph on the far side, we can fill a void."
月球背面，又稱“月球陰暗面”，就像其稱謂一樣，由於地球引力的原因，無法從地球球上看到。鄒永廖稱月球背面擁有非常乾淨的電磁環境，能爲低頻無線電研究提供非常理想的場所。“如果我們在其背面安置一臺頻譜儀，將填補該領域的國際空白。”Zou said Chang'e-4 is very similar to Chang'e-3 in structure but can handle more payload. It will be used to study the geological conditions of the dark side of the moon.
鄒永廖說，嫦娥四號的結構和嫦娥三號基本一致，但增加了更多的有效載荷。該探測器將完成月球背面的地質勘查研究。China plans to launch its Chang'e-5 lunar probe around 2017 to finish the last chapter in China's three-step (orbiting, landing and return) moon exploration program.
中國計劃在2017年前後發射嫦娥五號，完成探月工程三步走戰略（環繞、降落、返回）的最後一步。Li Chunlai, one of the main designers of the lunar probe ground application system, said Chang'e-5 will achieve several breakthroughs, including automatic sampling, ascending from the moon without a launch site and an unmanned docking 400,000 kilometers above the lunar surface.
月球探測器地面應用系統的主要設計專家李春來稱，嫦娥五號將實現多項突破，包括自動採樣、無發射場情況下從月球起飛、在距離月面40萬千米上空自動對接等。Chang'e-5 will also have a new launch site and launch rockets, said Li.
他還說，嫦娥5號搭乘的火箭和發射場都也將是新的。Chang'e-3 landed on the moon in 2013, making China the third country after the Soviet Union and the United States to soft land a spacecraft on lunar soil.
嫦娥三號在2013年登陸月球，使中國成爲繼蘇聯和美國之後，第三個在月球表面土壤上進行航天器軟着陸的國家。
