雙語 單身女性越稀少地區 女性結婚越早

According to the of September 17, wedding bells ring sooner for women in places where single ladies are scarce, showed a new study of metropolitan areas in the US.

Where single women are rare, women marry earlier, researchers reported August 4 in the journal Evolutionary Psychology. The shift may be because the ladies have more men to choose from, while the men have extra motivation to put a ring on it.

"Women are basically getting snapped up, because the guys want to get her before somebody else does," study author Daniel Kruger, an evolutionary psychologist at the University of Michigan, told LiveScience.

Kruger first became interested in studying the effects of gender imbalance on the marriage market when he caught a glimpse of a magazine cover on a trip to New York City.

"It had this cover picture on it that said, 'Attack of the Single Woman,' and it had this giant woman with a big red dress like Godzilla tromping through the city," Kruger recalled. "It made me wonder just what would happen to these relationship dynamics if there really was a surplus of single women."

After controlling for income and race, Kruger found that in areas where women were scarce, women married slightly earlier. Men's average age of marriage didn't change relative to the abundance of potential mates, but they did show more variability in the age when they married than women did. That's likely because guys who can snag a women will settle down quickly, Kruger said, but because women can be more choosey, other men may have to build up their finances and social status before they can catch a bride.

The top five areas where women were scarce, with their gender ratio and median age of marriage for women, were: Las Vegas: ratio 116, 24.5 years (Median marriage age for women); San Diego: ratio 115, 25.9 years; Salt Lake City: ratio 113, 23.2 years ; Austin, Texas: ratio 112, 26.2 years; Phoenix: ratio 111, 25 years.

The top five areas where men were scarce were: Birmingham, Alabama: ratio 88, 26.7 years (Median marriage age for women); Memphis, Tennessee: ratio 88, 27.2 years; New Orleans: ratio 89, 27.8 years; Richmond, Virginia: ratio 89, 26.3 years; A three-way tie for New York City, Philadelphia and Washington, D.C., ratio 92, where median marriage ages were 28.3, 27.9 and 27.8, respectively.

據生活科學網站9月17日報道，美國一項對大城市進行的最新調查研究表明，單身女性越少的地區，婚禮鐘聲爲她們敲響的越早。

研究者的調查刊登在8月4日的《進化心理學雜誌》，標題是“女性越稀少的地方女性結婚越早”，這種變化的原因可能是如果女性選擇的對象很多，那麼男性就有更多的動力迫切地想把戒指戴在某個人手上。

調查研究作者、密歇根大學進化心理學家丹尼爾•克魯格告訴生活科學網，“（在女性稀少的地區），女性基本上結婚都很早，這是因爲男性們想趕在同伴之前把她們搶到手。”
克魯格在一次去紐約的旅行中偶爾看到一本雜誌的封面，從此對研究婚姻中性別失衡造成的影響產生了極大地興趣。

克魯格回憶說，“封面圖片配的文字是‘對單身女性的攻擊’, 圖片上是一個身穿豔麗紅色裙子、身材巨碩的女人，就像是一個穿越城市的哥斯拉。它讓我思考如果有大量的‘剩女’，那男女動態發展將會發生怎樣的變化。”

在把收入和種族的因素也考慮進去，克魯格發現女性稀少的地區，女性結婚要略早一些。男性平均結婚年齡沒有因男性數目較多而有所變化，但是男性結婚以後的變化要比女性大，這是因爲男性一旦結婚很快就安定下來，女性比較挑剔，其他男性如果要結婚，可能要先有堅實的經濟基礎和社會地位。

女性人數稀少、性別比例高和平均結婚年齡較小的前五大城市分別是拉斯維加斯，比例是116，24.5歲（女性平均結婚年齡）；聖地亞哥，比例是115，女性平均結婚年齡是25.9歲；鹽湖城市，比例是113，女性平均結婚年齡是23.2歲；德克薩斯州奧斯汀，比例是112，女性平均結婚年齡是26.2歲；菲尼克斯，比例是111，女性平均結婚年齡是25歲。

男性人數稀少的前五大城市分別是：阿拉巴馬州伯明翰，比例是88，女性平均結婚年齡是26.7歲；田納西州孟菲斯，比例是88，女性平均結婚年齡是27.2歲；新奧爾良，比例是89，女性平均結婚年齡是27.8歲；弗吉尼亞州的里士滿，比例是89，女性平均結婚年齡是26.3歲；紐約、費城和華盛頓三大城市的比例是92，女性平均結婚年齡分別是28.3歲、27.9歲和27.8歲。