中國生育現狀 孕檢出任何異常即中止妊娠
With wealth comes improved health
財富改善健康
China has achieved notable success in the past 15 years in improving maternal health and bringing down its child mortality rates — two of the eight Millennium Development Goals that the UN established in 2000. Its high population means such gains in China translate into survival for hundreds of thousands of women and children.
過去十五年裏，中國在改善孕婦健康和降低兒童死亡率——聯合國在2000年確立的八大“千年發展目標”(Millennium Development Goals)中的兩點——方面取得了顯著成功。中國龐大的人口意味着這一成就相當於挽救了幾十萬名婦女兒童的生命。
That success is partly a result of the country’s rapid increase in wealth, which has led to improvements in nutrition for pregnant women and babies. The state has also been able to invest more in medical care, including prenatal check-ups and neonatal intensive care units.
這一成就部分源於中國財富迅速增長，從而改善了孕婦和嬰兒的營養狀況。同時政府也有能力加大醫療保健方面的投資，包括產前檢查和新生兒重症監護病房。
“Before, some babies were simply not treated because of family poverty. But now fewer and fewer are left untreated, because parents have health insurance and the state has more resources,” says Dr Liu Cuiqing, head of the neonatal unit at Hebei Provincial Children’s hospital in Shijiazhuang. “But that puts more pressure on us, given the shortage of doctors, because to treat babies with serious conditions requires more work, more equipment and more time.”
河北省兒童醫院新生兒科負責人劉翠青醫生表示：“以前一些病重的孩子由於家庭經濟困難放棄治療了，現在有了醫療保險，部分醫療費用由政府負擔，放棄治療的越來越少了。但是對於目前兒科醫生短缺的我們來講，壓力很大，因爲救治危重病孩需要做更多的工作和需要更多更好的醫療設備以及更長的時間。”
There are also darker explanations behind the shining improvements in the statistics. China’s rigid population control policies — which have been eased over the past three years to allow almost all couples to have a second child — have meant that most families would abort at any sign of irregularity in prenatal scans, to avoid a possible health problem in their only child.
統計數據上閃閃發光的成績背後，也有着更陰暗的解釋。中國的剛性人口控制政策——過去三年已有所緩和，幾乎所有夫婦都獲准生二胎——意味着在孕檢出任何異常跡象時，大多數家庭都會選擇中止妊娠，以避免唯一的孩子可能出現健康問題。
Some doctors and parents admit privately that stillborn babies, or newborns with untreatable conditions, are sometimes handed to their parents unregistered so that hospitals do not miss their targets for reducing infant mortality.
一些醫生和家長私下承認，死產嬰兒或患有不治之症的新生兒有時未經登記就交給父母，這樣院方就可以完成降低嬰兒死亡率的目標。
