對衰老的自我認知會如何對健康產生影響
Four new studies led by University of Michigan researchers have found that as we age our health is affected by both our own and our partner's perceptions of growing older.
密歇根大學研究人員開展的四項研究發現：當我們年紀越來越大時，我們自己和老伴對衰老的看法將會影響我們的健康。The papers were published on Wednesday in the August issue of The Gerontologist, with the principal investigator of one project, Jacqui Smith, commenting that the studies were carried out as the team was "interested in the way people interpret their own lives."
這些文章於週三發表在8月版的《老年醫學》期刊上，該項目的首席調查員雅基·史密斯評論道：研究團隊開展的這些研究"對人們如何解讀自己的生活很感興趣。""We know that the images in the world and age stereotypes play a role in how people perceive their own aging," Smith added. "But subtle experiences of discrimination in interactions with strangers and sometimes with your own kids or partner -- that is feedback that people take to heart and either rebel against it or begin to believe it."
"我們知道世界對衰老的固有形象和刻板看法對人們如何看待自己的衰老起着重要作用，"史密斯補充說。"但與陌生人交往或與自己的小孩或老伴互動過程中所受的歧視--這纔是人們在意的反饋，要麼抵制這種感情，要麼開始相信。"
One of the studies, which looked at 1,231 couples with an age range of 51-90, found that couples who tend to view their aging negatively also tend to become less healthy and less mobile than couples who view their aging positively.
其中一項研究對1231對夫妻進行了調查，他們的年齡都在51至90歲，研究發現：相比那些正視年老的夫妻，那些負面看待自己衰老的夫妻往往不那麼健康、運動的也更少。
In addition, husbands' health problems influenced their own and their wives' attitudes towards aging, as well as their wives' health because of the increased burden of caregiving.
除此之外，丈夫的健康問題會影響他們自己和老伴對衰老的態度，也會影響老伴的健康，因爲看護的負擔越來越重。A second study by Jennifer Sun, an M.D./Ph.D. candidate at the U-M Medical School, found after looking at a total of 5,340 participants that the more negatively a person viewed his or her aging, the more likely he or she was to delay seeking health care.
密歇根大學醫學院的候選人珍妮弗·孫（Jennifer Sun）博士開展了第二項研究，在觀察了5340位受試者之後，研究發現：那些對自身衰老看法越消極的人越有可能延緩尋找看護的時間。The findings still held true even after Sun had taken into account other factors that can delay health care, such as low socioeconomic status, lack of health insurance and multiple chronic health conditions.
即使孫考慮了其它會延緩看護的因素，比如較低的社會經濟地位、沒有健康保險和多種慢性疾病等，這些研究結果也仍然成立。The third study in the project, by U-M doctoral candidate Hannah Giasson, looked at data from the Health and Retirement Study and included 15,071 participants with an age range of 50-101.
該項目的第三項研究由密歇根大學的博士候選人漢娜·賈森開展，研究了來自健康和退休研究的數據，包括15071位受試者，他們的年齡都在50至101歲之間。The results showed that in all age groups, those who perceived their own aging positively were also less likely to report experiences of age discrimination.
結果表明：在所有年齡段，那些正視自己衰老的人不太可能遭受年齡歧視。
