現在完成時和現在完成進行時
We use the present perfect tense to talk about things where there is a connection between the past and the present.
我們用現在完成時態談論那些過去和現在有聯繫的事情。
• He’s written 16 books.He started writing books at some time in the past. So far, he has written 16 books. He may write more books.
他過去有段時間寫書。到目前，他已經寫了16本書。他可能寫更多的書。
As well as the present perfect simple, we can use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about events with a connection to the present.
就跟現在完成時一樣，我們也用現在完成進行時態去談論和現在有聯繫的事情。
1 Look at these 2 sentences:
1 看下面兩個句子：
• I’ve been decorating the house this summer. The focus is on the action – decorating – and the action is unfinished.• I’ve painted the living room blue. The focus is on the finished result. The activity is finished but we can see the result now.
We use the present perfect continuous when the focus is on an activity that is unfinished.
當句子重點是在還沒完成的事情上的時候，我們用現在完成進行時。
2 Look at these two sentences.
2 看下面兩個句子：
• I’ve read that book you lent me. I finished it yesterday.• I’ve been reading that book you lent me. I’ve got another 50 pages to read.
The present perfect simple (I’ve read) gives the idea of completion while the present perfect continuous (I’ve been reading) suggests that something is unfinished.
現在完成時例句I’ve read是表示完成的意思，而現在完成進行時I’ve been reading則暗示事情還沒完成。
3 Look at these two sentences.
3 看下面兩個句子：
• She’s been writing emails for 3 hours.• She’s written 10 messages.
The present perfect continuous (has been writing) talks about how long something has been happening. The present perfect simple (has written) talks about how much/how many have been completed.
現在完成進行時has been writing談論的是某事已經發生了多長時間，而現在完成時has written強調的是某事已經完成了多少。
4 Look at these two sentences.
4 看下面兩個句子：
• I’ve worked here for thirty years.• I usually work in London but I’ve been working in Birmingham for the last 3 weeks.
We can use the present perfect simple to talk about how long when we view something as permanent. But the present perfect continuous is often used to show that something is temporary.
我們用現在完成時談論某件長久的事情。而我們用現在完成進行時表示某件暫時的事。
