賓語從句的連接詞和語序解析

賓語從句有很多不同含義和用法的連接詞，在語序上也有很多的講究，滬江小編爲同學們收集、整理了大量相關的語法知識，希望能幫到大家，一起來看看吧！

一、賓語從句的連接詞：

1、  連詞that，只起連接作用，在從句中不作句子成分，也無詞彙意義，在口語中常被省略。

e.g. He knew (that) he should work hard.

2、  連詞if 、whether，它們起連接作用，在從句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口語中多用if。

e.g. Tom don’t know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.

He asked me whether or not I was coming.

一般情況下，if 和whether可以互換，但以下3種情況只能用whether：

①在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.

②在介詞後：It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain.

③與or not連用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.

3、  連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which，連接副詞when, where, why, how，它們起連接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意義。

e.g. The teacher asked the new students which class he was in.

I wonder where he got so much money.

【注意】

1、由連接代、副詞引導的賓語從句可以和“疑問詞+不定式”結構轉化。

e.g. I don’t know how I should do with the presents. è I don’t know how to do with the presents.

2、要注意區分判斷由if、when引導的從句類型。

二、賓語從句的語序：

賓語從句的語序是陳述語序，即“連接詞+主語+謂語+其它成分”。特別強調：它的主語和謂語的語序是陳述語序，而不是疑問句的倒裝結構。

Can you tell me who(m) do we have to see?  ( ╳ )

Can you tell me who(m) we have to see?  ( √ )

The teacher asked the students what they were doing. (思考: what 在從句中的成分)

陳述句變爲賓語從句時,要注意人稱和時態的變化,語序不變。e.g. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.”àShe said she would leave a message on the desk.

一般疑問句和特殊疑問句變爲賓語從句時,也要注意人稱和時態的變化,後面接陳述語序。e.g. “Where are the tickets?”I asked him. àI asked him where the tickets are.

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