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比較級陷阱可能使你託福閱讀失分的原因

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託福閱讀當中經常會比較級的詞彙出現,那麼這裏你就要注意了,往往這個地方就有迷惑你的地方。下面小編通例子來告訴大家託福閱讀考試當中的比較級陷阱,希望大家在做託福閱讀的時候可以避免這方面的失分。下面一起來看看吧。

比較級陷阱可能使你託福閱讀失分的原因

今天我們來聊一聊關於中英文表達比較的差異,開門見山,寶寶們先來做一下這道題:

Nearly any kind of plant of the forest understory can be part of a deer's diet. Where the forest inhibits the growth of grass and other meadow plants, the black-tailed deer browses on huckleberry, salad, dogwood, and alMost any other shrub or herb. But this is fair-weather feeding. What keeps the black-tailed deer alive in the harsher seasons of plant decay and dormancy? One compensation for not hibernating is the built-in urge to migrate. Deer may move from high-elevation browse areas in summer down to the lowland areas in late fall. Even with snow on the ground, the high bushy understory is exposed; also snow and wind bring down leafy branches of cedar, hemlock, red alder, and other arboreal fodder.

It can be inferred from the discussion in paragraph 2 that winter conditions

A. Cause some deer to hibernate

B. Make food unavailable in the highlands for deer

C. Make it easier for deer to locate understory plants

D. Prevent deer from migrating during the winter

解題思路:這是一道推斷題,那麼根據題幹中winter condition我們可以去原文中找到相關線索。然而這裏並沒有出現一模一樣的定位詞,所以我們需要找到表達相同概念的意羣(同義替換),比如:late fall 深秋/初冬,snow雪。這些詞都和winter condition傳達了一樣的概念。所以我們可以發現,答案應該就出現在最後兩句話裏:

Deer may move from high-elevation browse areas in summer down to the lowland areas in late fall. Even with snow on the ground, the high bushy understory is exposed; also snow and wind bring down leafy branches of cedar, hemlock, red alder, and other arboreal fodder.

有些聰明的寶寶發現後面有個even表示讓步轉折,老師敲黑板說過:“有轉折的地方一定是重點,會出題!”這句話的意思是:儘管地上有雪,高高的灌木層依然暴露在外面。

看到這裏,很多寶寶應該知道答案就是C:冬季條件讓鹿更容易找到灌木層。如果你選了C,很抱歉,你掉進坑裏了,C是迷惑性選項,正確答案應該是B。

下面就讓我們一起看看,在中文和英語中表達比較的差異性。

ETS作爲一個非營利性機構(Welcome To Facebook!),出一套託福試題的成本大概是80萬美元,目前中國的報名費更是以每月50的幅度上漲。很多寶寶不理解,爲何成本要這麼高?錢都花在哪裏了?

對於閱讀來說,錢基本都花在出迷惑性選項上了。每一個選項都是ETS精雕細琢出來的,他們非常瞭解其他國家學生的語言習慣,以及在學習英語中會遇到的誤區,其中英語和中文在表達比較方面,有很大的差異。

上面的表格中我列舉了一些重要的中英表達比較的不同,其他還有很多我就不多做贅述了。

聰明的寶寶們應該發現了,在表達的過程中,中文的語言習慣往往重心在後面,強調結果,而英文則是邏輯性更強,着重於整個句型結構。換句話講,英語裏的比較級更加直觀,中文的比較級相對沒那麼明顯。比如我說:“小明你變這麼瘦呀~”,小明此時腦子裏只有一個概念:我在說他瘦。然而他卻忽略的我暗示他之前比現在胖的這個重點。ETS就抓住了我們這一語言習慣,經常在這裏出迷惑性選項。

那麼我們回到剛纔那一題:

Deer may move from high-elevation browse areas in summer down to the lowland areas in late fall. Even with snow on the ground, the high bushy understory is exposed; also snow and wind bring down leafy branches of cedar, hemlock, red alder, and other arboreal fodder.

It can be inferred from the discussion in paragraph 2 that winter conditions

A. Cause some deer to hibernate

B. Make food unavailable in the highlands for deer

C. Make it easier for deer to locate understory plants

D. Prevent deer from migrating during the winter

C選項翻譯成中文是冬季條件讓鹿更容易找到灌木層。很多寶寶都會把英文翻譯成中文理解,那麼按照我們的語言習慣,此時我們會忽略選項前方的很重要的比較級,而把關注點放在後面的找到灌木叢,因此很多人就選擇了C選項。

那麼該如何規避這個習慣呢?

1. 培養對英文語言的比較級的敏感度,如果你全身都不敏感,那麼建議寶寶們每次看題之前先找找看選項有沒有比較級,然後回原文確定。

2. 只要發現比較級,立刻確定三件事:

a.比較的主體(誰和誰比)

b.比較的內容(他倆比的是啥)

c.比較的結果(他倆比的怎麼樣)

看起來很簡單的思路,但是很多寶寶做題時會忘記,所以希望各位一定記住這個框架結構。

再次回到剛纔那道題,我們仔細看C選項 :Make it easier for deer to locate understory plants。首先需要先找到主體:誰和誰在比較....... 我們會驚人的發現,原來文章里根本沒有比較,所以C是完完全全的錯誤選項。可是如果選項改成Make it easy for deer to locate understory plants,那麼這個選項就對了。

理解了這個考點之後,我們再一起來做一個簡單的題吧(微笑):

Throughout most of Earth's history, glaciers did not exist, but at the present time about 10 percent of Earth's land surface is covered by glaciers. Present-day glaciers are found in Antarctica, in Greenland, and at high elevations on all the continents except Australia. In the recent past, from about 2.4 million to about 10,000 years ago, nearly a third of Earth's land area was periodically covered by ice thousands of meters thick. In the much more distant past, other ice ages have occurred.

According to paragraph 5, in what way is the present time unusual in the history of Earth?

A. There are glaciers.

B. More land is covered by glaciers than at any time in the past.

C. There is no ice age.

D. No glaciers are found in Australia.

這一題答案就是我英文名的首字母啦,看看你有沒有選對?如果實在無法理解這一題,歡迎隨時聯繫我。最後希望各位寶寶們加油背單詞,再送給大家一句話:

The most proud thing is to DIE in the glory of battle against TOEFL!

以上就是小編爲大家整理託福閱讀失分原因比較級的陷阱,大家如果想要託福閱讀獲得高分那麼這個點一定要克服。最後,小編預祝大家托福考試能取得理想的成績。