官方真題Official35託福聽力Lecture4對話原文免費分享(原TPO)
官方真題Official模考軟件一直是考生不可或缺的一個備考工具，很多托福考生都在用這個。爲了讓大家更好的使用這個官方真題Official資料，這裏小站教育編輯爲大家整理了完整的官方真題Official真題文本、題目及答案解析，希望對大家託福備考有幫助。
官方真題Official35託福聽力Lecture 4對話原文免費分享(原TPO)
官方真題Official 35-L4
Narrator:
Listen to part of a lecture in an Earth science class.
Professor:
Let's review something from last week. We talked about an event that happened 65 million years ago. Anyone?
An asteroid hit Earth. Um...well, we think an asteroid hit Earth, near the Yucatan Peninsula, in Mexico, and that wiped out all the dinosaurs.
Professor:
Right. I wouldn't say that we've got 100% proof, but there's very strong evidence that this is why that mass extinction occurred.
Okay. But did you know there was an earlier extinction far greater than the one that killed off the dinosaurs? It was what we call the Permian Extinction.
Now, way back about 290 million years ago, at the beginning of the Permian Period, there was just one big continent, a super continent. And as the climate warmed up, plant and animal species began to diversify profusely. So life during the Permian Period was abundant and diverse. But about 250 million years ago, the Permian Period ended with a rapid mass extinction, something happened that wiped out 75% of the land animals and over 95% of ocean life.
So what was it? What could have caused this?
Well, with the all the evidence that it was an asteroid that led to the dinosaur extinction, we began asking ourselves: is it possible that another asteroid much earlier caused the Permian Extinction? And so researchers have been looking for an impact crater.
Well, with the all the evidence that it was an asteroid that led to the dinosaur extinction, we began asking ourselves: is it possible that another asteroid much earlier caused the Permian Extinction? And so researchers have been looking for an impact crater.
Student:
I thought the Permian Extinction was caused by a decline in sea water oxygen levels. Isn't that what's in the textbook?
Professor:
But don't forget the textbook makes it very clear that's only a theory.
Student:
And it mentions something about volcanic eruptions too.
Professor:
It does, but now this new theory has led to a search for evidence of an asteroid impact. And one place of interest is a region called Wilkes Land in eastern Antarctica.
A few years ago, a researcher reported a strange anomaly beneath the ice in Wilkes Land. Evidence of what may be a mascon. That's just short for mass concentration.
When an asteroid hits Earth, when it slams into Earth's crust, we think that causes molten rock from deep below the surface to rise up into the impact area. Sort of like if you bump your head, you get a big lump under the skin. Fluid makes the area swell. Anyway, the material flowing up from below the crust is more dense than the crust itself. So that's how we get a mascon, a spot in the crust with newer crust material that's more dense than the material all around it.
There're lots of mascons on the moon too, where a mascon’s density causes a small increase in the local gravity that can be measured and mapped by orbiting spacecraft. And where do these mascons tend to be found? In the centers of impact craters on the moon's surface.
But back to Wilkes Land. We’re not certain that the mascon there...what might be a mascon ...was actually caused by the impact of an asteroid, but there does seem to be evidence. Researchers notice a gravity anomaly similar to those on the moon. And the spot where the gravity readings are especially high...this is right in the middle of a 500-kilometer wide, circular ridge, what could be part of an old impact crater.
And if there was an asteroid impact there in Wilkes Land, the next question is: did it happen 250 million years ago? Because that would put it when in geologic history?
Student:
At the end of the Permian Period? Right when those animals went extinct.
Professor: Exactly.
Student:
But can't researchers figure that out by studying the rocks there in Wilkes Land...where this impact supposedly took place?
Professor:
Well, to get to anything from that long ago, we would have to drill down to about a mile, about 1.6 kilometers of solid ice that covers the area today. And that's not likely to happen.
But speaking of rocks, I should mention that Wilkes Land is not the only place of interest here. There's another called the Bedout High off the coast of Australia. And we have rock samples from the Bedout High. Some apparently have extraterrestrial origin. I mean, they show the effects of extreme temperatures and pressures, the level of extremes produced only by an impact. And as for their age, well, they do in fact, date back to about 250 million years ago.
怎樣用單詞推斷託福聽力對話
場景方法可行的原因仍在於ETS的出題原則，大家肯定已經非常熟悉託福聽力考試中的"學生生活原則"，它是ETS堅定不移的出題原則，這一原則使託福聽力從內容上永遠離不了學生生活這一中心。學生生活的圈子是很小的，學校的校園也就那麼大一點兒，而託福聽力已經考了幾十年了，所以學校裏的每一寸上都不知被考過多少遍了。過去考的是這些東西，將來考的仍是這些東西。考生在考前只要把學校裏的主要場所(如圖書館、食堂等)中常發生的重要而又典型的學生生活場景加以熟悉，寥寥幾個詞便可以知道整個段子或對話的基本內容，而答案也就唾手可得。
這一方法所需的準備工作相當簡單，較次要的場所和少見的場景考生甚至可以置之不理。但它的作用又相當大，在此列出三點，略作說明:作用一，做過一些託福聽力題的人都會有種感覺:即託福聽力，尤其是小對話題中有相當數量的題目僅靠聽清字面意思尚做不出答案，還必須生動形象地想象出對話發生的具體環境和生活場景。在這裏場景的方法是一個必須，考生的英語水平再高，語言能力再強都無助於這些題目的得分。
場景方法可爲考生提供更加有效的技巧，而且這些技巧的有效程度也更加令人吃驚。
"學生生活原則"決定了託福聽力中涉及的常見生活場景的有限性和它們的高重複率。它們必然是學生的日常學習生活中最爲普遍、最易發生的場景。這些場景中所牽扯到的內容和人們常說的話又是固定的，這種固定性是由客觀的生活現實決定的。而ETS出題人絕對不會歪曲現實，這是由他們所謂出題原則決定的。所以只要考生抓住了這些固定的內容和相關的固定詞彙、句型，就抓住了衆多絕妙的技巧。
例如託福聽力有很多談及音樂會的對話，而一旦談到音樂會，話題永遠都是固定死了的。全是好話，一句壞話沒有，所有的題目都在說:昨天晚上的音樂會可真好啊!我們過的可真是個wonderfu1 time啊!票可真難買啊!人可真多啊!別說坐着啦，能站着就不錯啦!過道上全是人!所以也不需要聽力水平太好，只要粗略地聽明白:"嗅!這又是談音樂會的啊!"再看選項有一個寫着:The concert is excellent.選它就是了!
各位已經知道，學生生活是託福聽力考試的核心，學生最關心的事也是最容易考到的，因此談到課程、考試的對話和段子可謂層出不窮。假如在一個對話題中聽到第一個人在問:某門課程難不難?(Is the course hard or not?)，則無須聽第二人的回答即可知答案肯定是難。又如在一個對話題中只要聽到兩人是在議論"某位老師要求嚴不嚴"，其餘的話別聽了，答案肯定是嚴!
又如託福聽力中有大量談及食物這個場景的。在這個場景中只要談到apple pie，答案肯定是好吃，考生照好吃去選肯定沒錯;而談到pizza答案肯定是難吃，考生照難吃去選也肯定沒錯。
這些託福聽力技巧在託福聽力備考過程中基本上得到驗證，大家可以根據自己的經驗總結出更多技巧。
託福聽力材料應該怎樣使用
託福聽力的文本是一定要在聽完之後仔細的進行分析的，每一句裏的詞彙首先都要弄清楚。其次，每個句子的核心意思你要能夠聽得出來。再者，整個段落的中心意思也需要你多聽多練進行掌握。還有要在聽完每篇文章後反覆分析其中涉及到的考點。比方說爲什麼在這個地方出題了，考點是什麼。這樣就可以方便之後遇到類似的情況還是答不出來的情況
有些專業性很強的文章也要研讀嗎
當然需要了，不過你需要研讀的更多的是文章裏的考點。那麼這些考點不只在這篇文章裏能夠使用，也可以在另外一篇不同話題的文章裏使用。裏面的單詞也儘量還是背下來吧。
託福聽力中的五遍練習方法
託福聽力是新託福的極爲重要的一部分，但託福聽力對於中國考生而言開始還是很難掌控的，從之前接觸的不多，直接到如此模式的聽力，很難集中注意力，託福聽力題如果遇到稍微專業點的部分聽不懂那更是家常便飯。託福聽力的提高可不是一朝一夕的，而是需要極大的毅力與堅持的過程。下面小編就爲大家介紹下專家介紹的託福聽力備考中要求聽五遍分別怎麼聽，希望對大家有所幫助。
託福聽力的聽寫，是所有提高聽力的方法中最最高效的一種(注意：高效是相對而言的，實際仍然需要一段時間的持之以恆的努力奮鬥)。一篇文章(以舊託福學術文章爲好，最好2min內，否則會受不了的)：
第一遍：完整聽一遍，瞭解大意;
第二遍：聽寫開始(聽一句，10s左右，寫一句，可重複播放這一句，直至聽寫完整一句話，切勿邊聽邊寫!)，鍛鍊對詞彙的辨識力和頭腦儲存的能力;
第三遍：邊聽邊對看託福原文;
第四遍：邊聽邊讀，使自己頭腦中記憶的發音與正確的發音是一樣的;
第五遍：儘量不看文章，邊聽邊“說”，達到爐火純青。
這樣堅持每天、持之以恆的練習2小時，終有一天，會發現越來越聽懂英文的東西，滿足感成就感無限放大!
考託福前半個月，開始練習託福真題，做題後也可以採用聽寫的方法。聽力考試，除了一些很討厭的小細節題，其它都要儘量保證不丟分。
以上就是託福聽力的祕方，主要講述聽爲主記爲輔的觀點。關於記託福聽力筆記，不是很強調，還是覺得聽爲主，記爲輔，但是絕對不要本末倒置。當然如果可以早些時候就開始練習記聽力筆記，也會受益匪淺的。
官方真題Official35託福聽力Lecture 4對話原文免費分享(原TPO)
