託福口語評分標準解析 從零開始

託福口語歷來是托福考試中的難項，但知己知彼，就能百戰不殆。爲了幫助備考託福的同學們從瞭解到掌握，今天，我們將開啓託福口語系列的評分標準講解，小編帶你從零開始學懂託福口語!

託福口語評分標準解析|從零開始

相信學習過託福的同學都知道託福口語部分總共有6個任務，單項總分爲30分。那麼這30分是怎麼評出來的呢?rater會根據考生的回答打出0-4分的原始分數，注意rater打出的分數均爲整數，不存在3.4、2.6等小數，六道題目的分數加總後求出平均分，再根據以下分數換算表進行一定的轉換得到最終的分數。

在講解具體每一個分數的具體要求前我們先來回顧一下託福口語評分標準三大維度，它們分別是delivery、language use 以及topic development。我們來看一下官方指南上對於這三點的解釋。

01 Delivery

Delivery ：How clear your speech is. Good responses are those in which the speech is fluid and clear, with good pronunciation, natural pacing, and natural-sounding intonation patterns

語言表達：考生是否能做到清晰的表達，好的表達應該流暢清晰、發音正確、語速適中、語音語調自然。

02 Language use

Language use：How effectively you use grammar and vocabulary to convey your ideas. Raters will be listening for how well you can control both basic and more complex language structures and use appropriate vocabulary.

語言運用：考生是否能有效使用英文語法和詞彙來表達自己的觀點。評分人會考察考生能否熟練運用簡單和複雜的語言結構和恰當的詞彙。

03Topic development

Topic development：How fully you answer the question and how coherently you present your ideas. Good responses generally use all or most of the time allotted, and the relationship between ideas and the progression from one idea to the next is clear and easy to follow.

話題發展：考生是否能完成命題所要求的所有任務，表達是否連冠一致。好的表達應該在規定時間內完成，並且能夠讓評分人很容易聽出各個觀點之間的關係和思路之間的銜接。

搞清楚三大評分維度之後，我們快來看一下ets給出的託福獨立口語四分評分標準的相關內容。

回答概述：回答滿足了任務的要求。允許考生在答題過程中出現一些小錯誤。回答清晰明瞭並且連貫流暢。

這一分數的回答具有以下列出的所有特點：

語言表達：總體上語速適中，語言清晰流暢。存在一些小的失誤或發音和語調上的小問題。但是並不影響整體的可理解性。

語言使用：回答顯示考生能夠有效地運用語法和詞彙，回答存在較高程度的自主性並且能夠很好地掌握基本和複雜的句式結構。回答允許出現一些明顯的小錯誤，但不會混淆意思。

話題發展：回答一直在持續並且充分滿足了題目要求。總體上話題展開比較充分而且具有連貫性。論點之間的關係清楚明瞭。

我們將以上內容做一總結：

由此可見四分回答也並不是完美無暇的，高分回答也可能會犯一些小錯誤，只要不影響整體回答的完整性和可理解性即可。下面我們來看一道例題幫助大家更好的理解評分標準。

Some universities require first year students to live in dormitories on campus. Others allow students to live off campus. Which policy do you think is better and why? Include details and examples in your explanation.

Sample 1

I think the better policy is to make student live in the dorm, because the first year student live in the use I think they can be safer first, because they are are come from other town, so they don’t really know the environment. so...I think it safer. over I think they can make friends in the dorm so they can have good relationship to know on the university’...I know better the environment. Especially they don’t have cars...

Sample 2

Um... I think it’s better for the first- year students to live on campus rather than off campus. Main reason because they are new to the city and it’s safer for them to live on campus where there’s more security. Because they don’t know much about the city in the first place. Uh... Second of all, it helps them to become more familiar with the surroundings where they have to study. It also helps them to meet new people. Living in the dorm encourages friendships with people who you might very comfortable with first time. And it helps to meet new people, it helps to doing with the seniors if any live in the dorm.

老師給大家兩個sample responses，爲了方便理解也給出了兩個回答的文本，大家理解後可以自己判定一下如果你是rater，你會給這兩個答案給多少分?哪一個更符合我們四分的評分標準?

　　託福口語評分標準解析|實例詳解

hi guys, this is Jiarui, today we’re gonna continue to talk about scoring rubrics of toefl speaking section. 今天依舊是由我來給大家講解託福口語評分標準，之前的內容中我們主要講解了託福口語評分三大維度以及四分評分標準的具體內容【參考閱讀：託福口語評分標準解析|從零開始】，不知道大家還記不記得老師上節課給大家留了一個小小的任務，判斷一下以下這兩個sample responses哪一個是滿分回答?

題目：

Some universities require first year students to live in dormitories on campus. Others allow students to live off campus. Which policy do you think is better and why? Include details and examples in your explanation.

sample 1

I think the better policy is to make student live in the dorm, because the first year student live in the dorm, because I think they can be safer first, because they are from most of them are come from other town, so they don’t really know the environment. so I think it safer. huh, moreover I think they can make friends in the dorm so they can have a good relationship to know on the, on the university’s is, the goal I mean, they know better the environment. Especially they don’t have cars.

sample 2

I think it’s better for the first year students to live on campus rather than off campus. Main reason because they are new to the city and it safer for them to live on campus where there’s more security. Because they don’t know much about the city in the first place. Second of all, it helps them to become more familiar with the surroundings where they have to study. It also helps them to meet new people. Living in the dorm encourages friendships with people who you might not seem very comfortable with first time. And it helps to meet new people, it helps to interact with the seniors if any live in your dorm.

現在來公佈正確答案，sample 2是滿分回答，不知道大家有沒有回答正確呢?

我們來分析一下爲什麼能夠拿到4分

01 Delivery

雖然有一些口音，但是整體清晰流暢，連貫性好，發音不錯，很容易讓人聽懂speaker表達的內容。

02 Language use

詞彙使用恰當，語法能夠準確表達觀點，句子結構完整並且具有一定的多樣性。

03 Topic development

答案結構完整，考生能夠恰當地回答了問題，並且有一定的細節來支撐自己的觀點。

以上三點均能滿足，所以sample 2爲滿分回答。

那麼大家可以猜測一下sample response1是多少分呢?

Sample 1在實際考試中拿到了3分，在講解爲什麼這個回答是三分之前，我們還是先來學習一下ets 給出的3分評分標準的具體內容, 判斷一下sample 1是否滿足我們3分評分細則。

回答概述

回答能夠恰當地完成題目，但是缺乏充分的細節展開。回答大體上清晰明瞭、邏輯連貫，但是在表達論點上有一些明顯的失誤。這一分數的回答至少包括右邊所列的兩個特點：

語言表達

回答總體清晰流暢，但是發音、語調或語速上存在一些小錯誤，聽者需要時不時地努力去聽才能理解。(儘管並沒有嚴重地影響回答的清晰度)

語言運用

回答顯示考生基本能夠有效自主地使用語法和詞彙，並連貫地表達相關論點。回答存在一些不準確的用詞或錯誤的語法結構，並且句式多樣性也很有限。這或許影響總體的流利性，但是並不會嚴重地影響信息的表達。

話題發展

回答總體上持續連貫，並表達了相關論點和信息。但是論點展開受限，通常缺乏對論點的充分展開和具體的細節，論點之間的關係有時不清楚。

Sample 1

01 Delivery

有一些發音上的小錯誤，回答停頓處稍多，但基本不影響整體理解

02 Language use

有一定的語法錯誤，詞彙和句式稍受限，但基本不影響理解

03 Topic development

答案結構較爲完整，回答了問題，並給出了一定的理由，但是缺乏細節支撐

由此可見sample response 1是滿足3分評分標準的。雖然不是滿分也有一定的缺陷，但也是一個不錯的成績，因爲如果我們在speaking section中的6道題都能拿到3分，最後的口語總分也有23分。

希望今天講解完這兩個口語回答後，大家能對3分和4分評分標準有更深入的瞭解，並且對我們獨立口語也要充滿信心，因爲滿分回答也不是完美無暇的，拿到3分也是比較容易的 只要我們answer the question給出你的答案，keep talking 說滿45秒，基本就有三分，如果想拿4分的話 give realated details。

　　託福口語範文：描述中你喜歡的文學藝術角色

託福口語題目：

Describe a character in a book, film, or poem, explain why you like him or her. Please use specific details.

託福口語參考答案：

I would like to talk about the main character in movie Forest Gump. Actually, the movie stars Tom hanks. This movies won many Oscar awards and it is regarded as one of the greatest movies of all times. Forest Gump is a simple minded person, and he only got an IQ of 75, which is way below average. Despite of the setback, he is actually a very optimistic person, as can be show in the catchphrase, My momma always said life was like a box of chocolates. You never know what you're gonna get. The movie depicts a period span 30 years, and in these many years, Forest Gump achieved fame and financial success, of course, it is not possible for him to achieve that without his determination, willpower and perseverance.

託福口語評分標準解析|從零開始