英文語法入門
動詞的英語語法基礎知識，我們來看一看動詞的語法是怎麼樣的吧。下面是本站小編給大家整理的英文語法入門，供大家參閱!
A、在前面的章節中，will專用來表示意圖：
I will wait for you.相當於：
I intend to wait for you.
我會等你。
在不存在任何意圖的場合用shall，即shall用於不牽涉到主語願望的動作：
I shall be 25 next week.
下星期我就25歲了。
We shall know the result next week.
下週我們就會知道結果了。(因爲結果將在報紙上公佈。)
Unless the taxi comes soon we shall miss our plane.
出租汽車要是不快點來，我們就要誤飛機了。
I'm sure I shan't lose my way.
我肯定不會迷路的。
I shall see Tom toMorrow.
明天我會見到湯姆的。(也許我們坐同一列火車上班。)
現在，shall的以上用法在較正式的英語中仍可見到，但在口語中已不再常見了。相反，通常用will：
I will be 25 next week.
下星期我25歲了。
We'll know the result tomorrow.
明天我們就會知道結果了。”
Unless the taxi comes soon we'll miss the plane.
出租汽車要是不快點來的話，我們就要誤飛機了。
I'm sure I won't lose my way.
我肯定不會迷路的。
但是，有時will可能改變句子的意思。如果在 I shall see Tom tomorrow這個句子中用 will代替 shall，就會變成 I will see Tom tomorrow。這個句子可能表示明天我要見湯姆的意圖。爲避免這種模棱兩可的情況就用將來進行時：
I'll be seeing Tom tomorrow.
明天我會見湯姆。
然而，shall在疑問句中仍可使用。
shall常用在let's後面的附加疑問中：
Let's go，shall we?
咱們走，好嗎?
用於建議：
Shall we take a taxi?
我們乘出租汽車，好嗎?
用於請求對方下命令或作指示：
What shall I do with your mail?
我應該怎麼處理您的信件?
用於推測：
Where shall we be this time next year?
明年的這個時候我們會在什麼地方?(雖然這裏也可以用will。)
B、shall表示決心
在前面已經講到，通常是由will表示決心。但是，人們有時感到爲了表示決心應當用另外一個“較重的”、通常不大用的詞，因此就用shall：
(in a speech)We shall fight and we shall win.
(在演說中)我們決心戰鬥，我們定會贏得勝利。
We will fight and we shall win也一樣可用。
有時shall這樣用表示許諾，就像第二人稱shall所表示的那樣：
You shall have a sweet.
你會吃到一塊糖。相當於：
I promise you a sweet.
我答應給你一塊糖。
We shall win這個句子中，說話人在保證能取得勝利。shall在日常會話中可以這樣用：
I shall be there，I promise you.
我會在那裏的，我向你保證。
但這裏will也一樣可用，對學生來說用will可減少麻煩。在對於究竟應當用shall還是用will存有疑問的時候要用will。
英文語法入門：謂語動詞常用單數的情況1)名詞性從句及不定式、動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數形式。
【例如】
To finish the work in advance is what he wants.
Smoking cigarettes is dangerous to your health
What seems easy in theory is difficult in practice.
What caused the accident is a complete mystery.
但是，what引導名詞從句作主語時，其表語是複數形式時，系動詞也可以是複數形式。
【例如】
What we badly need here are qualified teachers.
2)當主語是單數，後面跟着由including, with, together with, along with, like, in addition to, as well as, rather than, but, except, more than, accompanied by等連接的短語時，謂語動詞用單數。
【例如】
Mary as well as her sister likes listening to music.
Doctor Richards, together with his wife and three children, is to arrive on the afternoon flight.
My best friend rather than anyone else has got the first prize in the speech contest.
3)one, one of, every, everyone, everybody, each, many a, either, neither, no one, nobody, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody用作主語或修飾主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。
【例如】
Each man, woman and child has the same right.
Many a student doesn't like to do their homework.(many a student=many students)
Either of students is going to compete for the president of the students' than one person was involved in the case.
Neither of the young men who had applied for a position in the university ____.
A) has been accepted
B) have been accepted
C) was accepted
D) were accepted
neither用作主語或修飾主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。此外，定語從句用過去完成時，主句應用一般過去時，故答案爲C。
4)and所連接的兩個單數名詞作主語，指同一人、同一件事或同一概念時，其謂語動詞用單數。例如：My best friend and adviser has changed his mind again.
Bread, butter and eggs is typical American Breakfast .
If law andsgroupsis not preserved, neither the citizen nor his property is safe.如果不能維持治安，公民和他的財產都不安全。
5)表示時間、距離、重量、體積、金錢的複數名詞，作主語時作爲整體來看待，謂語動詞通常用單數。
【例如】
Five thousands dollars is quite a large sum of money to me.
Fifty miles is too long a distance for one to walk on foot.
Ten years has passed but he didn't change at all.
6)“a portion of , a series of, a kind of, a body of, a species of, a pair of+名詞”作主語時，其謂語動詞一般用單數形式。
【例如】
A series of accidents has occurred recently in America.
A pair of new glasses is quite expensive.
7)事件、機構、國名、作品等專有名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數。
【例如】The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was written by Mark Twain and it is an interesting United Nations is an organization to defend world peace.
英文語法入門：謂語動詞用複數的情況1)both, some, few, many等用作主語或修飾主語時，謂語動詞用複數。
【例如】
Both of my parents are over seventy years old.
Many students in my class have creative thoughts and wide knowledge.
2)“the +形容詞”作主語，在表示一類人或事物時，謂語動詞用複數。
【例如】
The aged are well taken care of by the government.
The poor are often looked down upon by the rich.
The young have respect for the old in China.
3)a number of, a lot of, any of, most of, the rest of, some of, none of, all of修飾複數名詞時，謂語動詞用複數。
【例如】
Most of the teachers are responsible and knowledgeable.
A number of books have been published on the subject.
None of the books attract me a lot.
the number of表示“……的數量”，謂語動詞用單數。
【例如】
The number of books published on this subject is simply amazing.
The number of foreign visitors to China has been increasing over the last several years.
4)集合名詞作主語時，當名詞表示整體時，謂語動詞用單數;當名詞強調集體中的個體時，謂語動詞用複數。
【例如】
The family is the basic unit of society. The family have agreed among themselves to spend their vocation in Europe.
