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英語語法填空固定規律解題思路

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英語語法填空中,有一定的考點規律,而且有一些還是固定的,可發現的。下面是本站小編給大家整理了英語語法填空固定規律與練習題,供大家參閱!

英語語法填空固定規律解題思路
  英語語法填空固定規律

語法填空又稱爲開放式語篇填空,這一題型的測試是根據德國心理學家的格式塔心理學原理和英語語言學家布朗的語篇分析理論等,從語法的句子結構與語法形式、詞彙的本義和轉義以及前後綴的變化、語境語篇的線索以及標誌詞等方面測試學生的整體語篇能力。

1語篇型語法填空備考思路

大致有如下特點:

一、給出動詞基本形態,填寫詞性詞形轉化(轉爲名詞、形容詞),或填寫謂語部分,可能需要填寫兩個或三個詞,或是填寫非謂語動詞;

二、給出形容詞,需要填寫比較級、最高級,或詞性詞形轉化,轉化爲副詞,或是填寫反義詞(前綴);

三、給出副詞,填寫比較級、最高級,或是填寫反義詞;

四、不給提示詞,主要填寫介詞、連詞、冠詞和代詞。

有提示詞:考查 謂語動詞 非謂語動詞 形容詞 副詞

無提示詞:考查 冠詞 介詞 連詞 代詞

形容詞順序的:美小圓舊黃,法國木書房。

2純空格試題的解題技巧

語法填空是通過語篇在語境中考察語法知識的運用能力,我們在解題前應快速瀏覽短文掌握大意,有把握的空格可以先進行填寫。在讀懂短文的基礎上,再結合短文提供的特定的語言環境去逐句分析,逐題解答。下面按題型設計分三種情況:

一、純空格試題的解題技巧

純空格填空題主要是填冠詞、介詞、代詞、連接詞(含從屬連詞和並列連詞)等虛詞。

首先,分析句子結構,根據句子所缺成分確定填哪類詞。然後,根據句子意思,確定具體填什麼詞;或根據兩句間的邏輯關係確定具體用哪個連詞。共有以下7個技巧:

技巧1:在簡單句和並列句中,若句子缺主語或賓語,一定是填代詞。

技巧2:名詞前面,若沒有限定詞(冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞、不定代詞等),很可能是填限定詞。

技巧3:名詞或代詞在句中不作主語、表語或動詞的賓語時,其前面,一定是填介詞。

技巧4: 若兩個或幾個單詞或短語之間沒有連詞,可能是填連詞。

技巧5:若兩個句子(即兩個主謂結構)之間沒有連詞,也沒有分號或句號,一定是填並列連詞(連接並列的句子)或從屬連詞(連接定語從句、名詞性從句和狀語從句)。

技巧6: 由特殊句式結構來判斷空格應填的詞。

(1)由it is…that…強調結構的形式,判斷it 還是that。判斷方法:去掉it is…that…結構,句子還是一個完整的句子就是強調句型。

(2)由it 作形式主語或形式賓語的句式判斷,空格是否填it.

(3)在倒裝句式中通常填only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not…until等詞。

(4)so/such…that…句型

(5)More…than…(與其說……不如說……,比……更……)句型。

二、給出了動詞的試題解題技巧

首先,判斷要填的動詞是謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞。然後按照以下兩點進行思考。

技巧7:若句子沒有別的謂語動詞,或者雖然已有謂語動詞,但需填的動詞與之是並列關係時,所給動詞就是謂語動詞;若是謂語動詞,就要考慮時態語態。

技巧8: 若句中已有謂語動詞,又不是並列謂語時,所給動詞就是非謂語動詞。若是非謂語動詞就要確定是v-ing形式,-ed形式,還是不定式,確定的方法主要有:

(1)作主語或賓語,通常用v-ing 形式表示習慣或一般情況,用不定式表示具體情況。

(2)作目的狀語或在形容詞後作狀語,一般用不定式。

(3)作伴隨狀語,通常用分詞,若與邏輯主語是主動關係,用現在分詞(v-ing);若是被動關係,用過去分詞

技巧9: 動詞的詞類轉換主要做主語、賓語和定語。

三、詞類轉換題的解題技巧

這類題主要是考查名詞、形容詞和副詞,根據該詞在句中所作句子成分確定用那種形式,具體技巧有以下三種。

技巧10:作表語(在系動詞之後)、定語(修飾名詞)或賓補(表性質狀態),通常用形容詞形式。

技巧11:修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞,或整個句子,作狀語,用副詞形式。

技巧12:有的詞義轉換題,詞類或詞性不一定要變,主要是考查具有與詞根意義相反的派生詞,需要句子意思及前後邏輯關係,在詞根前加un-, im-, in-等,在詞根後加-less等。

技巧13:括號中所給詞若是形容詞或副詞,有可能考查其比較級或最高級。

  英語語法填空練習題1

In the United States, there were 222 people 1.__________(report)to be billionaires(億萬富翁)in 2003. The 2.__________of these is Bill Gates, worth at least $ 41 billion, who made his money 3.__________starting the company Microsoft. Mr. Gates was only 21 years old 4.__________he first helped to set up the company in 1976. He was a billionaire 5. __________the time he was 6.__________, there are still some other people who have made lots of money at even 7.__________(young)ages. Other young people who have struck it rich include Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple. 8.__________of these child actors made over a million dollars 9.__________(act)in movies before they were 14. But 10. __________ youngest billionaire is Albert von Thurn und Taxis of Germany, who, in 2001, inherited (繼承)a billion dollars when he turned 18!

參考答案

(1)1. reported

2. richest/wealthiest

3. by

4. when

5. by

6. However

7. younger

8. Both

9. acting

10. the

  英語語法練習題2

In the past few years, quite a number of men and women have chosen to do something less competitive. They are afraid that the stress and strains of work will rob them ____11_ ___ joy and happiness and ____12 ____ them harm both physically and mentally.

In fact, however, stress isn’t the bad thing ____13____ it is often supposed to be. Above all, ____14____ it gets out of control, a certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and challenge, and to give purpose and significance to ____15____, otherwise meaningless, idle life. ____16___, people under stress tend to express their full range of potential and to actualize their own _____17____(person) worth—the very aim of a human life.

Stress is a natural part of everyday life and _____18 ___ is no way to avoid it. What we can do is ____19____(develop) our adaptive abilities to deal with it rather than to escape ____20___ it.

答案:

11. of

12. do

13 that

14. unless

15. an

16. Moreover/ Furthermore

17. personal

18. there

19. to develop

20. from

  >>>下一頁更多精彩“高中英語語法填空解題絕招”  高中英語語法填空解題絕招

高中英語語法填空第一招:名詞形式變化。

名詞的形式變化主要有單數、複數、所有格的變化。這是最簡單也是最基本的形式變化,只要注意整體形式的一致性。

例:There are many students living at school,the(child) houses are all far from schoo1.

由students一詞可以判斷出橫線處應填複數,且作爲houses的定語,所以應用其所有格形式,故答案爲child的複合變化形式—— 複數的所有格children’s。

高中英語語法填空第二招:動詞形式變化。

動詞的形式變化比較多,有謂語的變化(時態、語態、語氣),有非謂語的變化(不定式、動名詞、現在分詞、過去分詞)。這種動詞形式的變化,一定要注意個別的變化異樣,這種最容易犯錯。

例:A talk(give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.

句中的is written是整句的謂語,所以橫線所在的動詞應當用作非謂語。從tomorrow可以看出,報告是“將來”作的,故用不定式;且報告是give動作的承受者,故可以判斷出橫線所在處用give的不定式被動式——to be given。

高中英語語法填空第三招:代詞形式變化。

代詞形式變化通常是與人稱變化有關的三大類五小類,即人稱代詞(主格和賓格)、物主代詞(形容詞性和名詞性)、反身代詞。另外還有幾個不定代詞的形式變化,如no one/none、other/another等。這種需要聯繫句意或者文章,整體把握。

例:The king decided to see the painter by(he).

由介詞by可以看出,橫線處應填反身代詞himself。

高中英語語法填空第四招:形容詞、副詞比較級變化。

英語中大部分形容詞和表方式的副詞都有原級、比較級和最高級的變化。構成比較級和最高級的方式,或通過加後綴一er和,或在詞前Imore/less和most/least,且形容詞的最高級還要冠以the。

例:I am— —(tall)than Liu is the tallest students in my class.

此題後句交代了LiuWen是班上最高的學生,那“我”肯定比他矮,所以不能用taller,只能用表示程度不如的“less tall”。

高中英語語法填空第五招:數詞形式變化。

數詞的形式變化包括基數詞、序數詞,或加後綴一teen、ty的變化,甚至還有作分母用的序數詞的單複數形式,以及one/two的特殊變化形式 once/twice。這種數詞形式變化則是需要整體理解的,尤其要注意細節。

例:To my three sons I leave my seventeen eldest son shall take a half,my second son shall take a (three).

從上下文連續起來理解,這是一個分馬的計劃,大兒子分得a half,也就是“一半”或“二分之一”,那麼二兒子應該得“三分之一”,所以要填入作分母的序數詞“third”才能命中目標。

高中英語語法填空第六招:詞的派生。

詞的派生現象在英語單詞中是較爲的,派生現象主要發生在名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞四種詞中。這種題型還有可能檢測學生對詞根、前後綴、派生詞的掌握。而很多單詞的派生不同意思也會有區別,一定要注意,不是所有前後綴都遵循一個規律,會有個別例外,而特別的一定要重點記住的。

例:Lious lost his wallet yesterday,SO he was very____(happiness).

在這道題中,學生很容易判斷出該用形容詞;錢包丟了,人應該是不開心的,所以要再加個前綴un,就成了unhappy。

高中英語語法填空第七招:固定短語結構。

根據句中橫線前後及整句來判斷橫線前後是否構成一個固定短語,但有時要對橫線前或後的幾個單詞“視而不見”才能命中答案。所以要充分考慮全句或是全文來填,不能看到固定短語,就立馬填空,仔細謹慎是必不可少的。

例1:The children were playing on the ground,enjoying____,dirty but happy.

從句中的happy可以 猜出孩子們是開心的,所以應用enj0y oneself短語,故其答案爲themselves。

例2:His boss was____angry as to fire him.

如果“跳過”橫線後面的angry,就可以發現這裏用到一個關聯短語 to...,所以,so是正解。

高中英語語法填空第八招:從句引導詞。

從句是此題型最爲常見的一個方向,主要檢測學生對引導詞的掌握程度。所以從句的掌握是十分重要的,從句在英語句法中佔了很大的比重。

例1:He did not done_____his father had asked him to do.

審題可知,橫線所在爲賓語從句的引導詞,此引導詞在從旬中充當賓語,且指物,所以是what。

例2:Those_____want to go to the village must sign here.

經過觀察可以判斷橫線所在爲定語從句的引導詞,進一步觀察可知先行詞爲those,且指人,所以只能填入who,在定語從句中做主語。

高中英語語法填空第九招:短語動詞結構。

短語動詞是以動詞爲中心的兩個或多個詞構成的短語,此類短語中往往是動詞與介詞或副詞連用的多些。這種會有許多固定搭配,需要多多積累一些使用頻率較高的短語動詞搭配。

例1:The us consists____fifty states.

根據常識可知,美國由50個州組成,故橫線處與前一詞組合,表示“由......組成”,所以答案是of。

例2:Mrs Baker was ill,so her daughter had to ask for

leave to take_____of her.

生病需要人照顧,所以答案是care,與前後詞構成take care of。

高中英語語法填空第十招:短語介詞結構。

短語介詞即多個詞的組合。起介詞作用的短語,如:except for,due to等。這種詞語結構都是固定的,也是需要重點記憶的。

例1:Mr Smith took a plane to London____of taking a train.

此題中說到兩種交通工具,所以可以理解此句有“坐……而不是坐……”的意思,故答案爲instead,以構成介詞短語instead of。

例2:Just then,he saw a blackboard in_____of him.

細心觀察,可以看出填人fr0nt即可構成in front of,此題得解。

高中英語語法填空第十一招:連詞、關聯短語結構。

常用的連詞有and,or,but,so,for,while等,常用的關聯短語有both…and...,either…or...,neither…nor...,not only…but also...等。連詞和關聯詞語的結構一定要記憶清楚,往往細微的差別,將會導致不同的結果,所以一定要注意不同搭配的具體使用方法。

例1:Little Wang Jun could not go to school,_____his family was too poor.

此處表示原因,引導的分句其實是一種解釋說明,不是必然的因果關係,且前面有逗號隔開,所以填for。

例2:____Marrie and Jannie like going to the theatre.

橫線處的詞與後面可以構成both?and,故答案爲Both。

高中英語語法填空第十二招:冠詞、介詞和常用的副詞。

冠詞只能是在a,an,the之間判斷;常用的介詞有in,at,on,before,during等,通常考查固定搭配;副詞的量還是比較多,如:however,never,yet,much等。這種搭配是要多多實踐積累的,挨個排除,也不失爲一個好辦法。

例1:Jackie likes to drive at____ high speed.這裏考查的是不定冠詞的習慣用法,答案爲a,構成at a high speed,“以高速”開車。

例2:Old Tom’s granddaughter used to visit him_____Saturday afternoon.

Saturday afternoon是指定的某天下午,所以不用介詞in,而用on纔是正解。

例3:Though Liu Qiang did the same work____Zhang Wen did,he got a lower pay______Zhang Wen.

第一條橫線可由前面的the same斷出用as,第二條橫線則可由lower斷出比較意義,故答案爲than。

例4:It was only one day left,_____,his father had no idea to answer him.

觀察上下句,可以看出是轉折關係,且橫線與前後用逗號隔開,排除but,所以答案是however。

高中英語語法填空第十三招:上下文中出現的相關詞。

這一招是最爲靈活的,但也是最難的。學生可以根據上下文關係和自己積累的知識,填入某個已出現的詞,或其反義詞,或其同類的某個詞。這種時候就需要你的文章內容或是句意的精準理解,要充分把握出題人想表達的意思,才能穩操勝券。

答案的線索可能在本句,可能出現在上下相連的一句,還可能出現在比較遠的地方——上下段中與此段位置大體相當的句子。如果該橫線出現在某段的首句,則線索可能在上下段的首句;如果橫線出現在某段的末句,則線索可能在上下段的末句,以此類推。

例:Tony____travelling abroad,but dislikes staying home watching TV.

由第二句話中的dislikes可以判斷,此橫線處應該是填其反義詞likes。

  英語語法訓練題1

According to the Hong Kong-based newspaper Ta Kung Pao, Jackie Chan 11 participated in the promotion of many famous brands of clothing, shoes and food in recent years. Several days ago, he showed the public a 12 (limit) edition four-wheel drive car, 13 is especially made 14 his personal taste.

At the press conference in Singapore a few days ago, Jackie said that he 15 have cooperated with Parjero, but the plan was suspended (暫緩)because of the sudden death of the car 16 (design). Later he decided to work with his old partner Ralliart, one of the brands of Mitsubishi, and finally rolled out (正式推出) this limited edition car with a storage capacity of 3,500 cubic centimeters of oil. Only 50 such cars will be available in the world.

As a car fan, Jackie has participated in 17 car design himself. The car, 18 (decorate) with the symbols of “dragon”, is said to be comfortable and powerful. Jackie said that making this car was 19 (fulfill) his dream, not to make money. The price of the car has not been announced yet due to 20 status of the limited edition and different taxation systems all over the world.

答案:

11. has

12. limited

13. which

14. to

15. should

16. designer

17. the

18. decorated

19. to fulfill

20. its

  英語語法訓練題2

Table manners vary from culture to culture. What is acceptable in one country 11 be considered extremely rude in another . Here we will tell you about the traditional table manners 12 the modern table manners in Korea . 13 ( tradition ), it was the woman’s job to cook food and 14 ( set ) the table . The woman would sit 15 her husband to make sure that he had everything he needed for a pleasant meal . Only 16 the husband finished , would the woman and her children eat . Nowadays, table manners have changed a lot. 17 of the family members eat together at the same time . It is common to see everyone help with the meal, 18 ( include ) the husband. One tradition , however, has not changed . It is that the oldest person starts the meal. 19 ( stay ) until the oldest person is finished is considered to be 20 basic tradition of Korean table manners .

參考答案:

11. may

12. and

13. traditionally

14. set

15. by beside

16. after

17. All

18. including

19. Staying

20. a

  英語語法訓練題3

On keeping a Diary in English

Keeping a diary in English is one of the 11._____ (effect) ways to improve our English writing ability.

12.______ (compare) with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes 13.______ time. It can help us to develop the habit of thinking in English. 14.______ we persist in this practice, gradually we’ll learn how to express ourselves in English. In keeping a diary in English, we certainly run up against many 15.______. In the first place, 16.______ often happens that we have trouble finding appropriate words and phrases to give expression to our mind. Secondly, there are many idiomatic ways of saying things in Chinese. 17.______ it is extremely hard for us to put them into English properly.

As far as I 18.______ (concern), my suggestion is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. Whenever something beats us, we can first put it down in our notebook and then consult our dictionary. We can also turn to our English teacher for help, if necessary. In short, I believe that it is 19.______ great use to keep a diary in English for 20.______ development of our writing skills.

參考答案:

11. effective

12. Compared (沒大寫扣0.5分)

13. less

14. If (沒大寫扣0.5分)

15. difficulties(troubles不給分)

16. it

17. And(沒大寫扣0.5分)

18. am concerned

19. of

20. the


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