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專八寫作熱點話題預測一學生應該穿校服嗎？

Read carefully the following two excerpts about whether Students should wear school uniforms, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should:

1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then

2. express your opinion on the issue and use specific reasons to support your opinion.

Excerpt 1  School Uniform Matters So Much More Than You Think

For many of us school uniform consists of a colour-pop primary selection of colours, offset by darker bottoms, a button-up shirt, sensible shoes and perhaps a blazer you're destined to grow into by Year 11. But why are they imperative in the majority of our educational establishments?

The importance of uniform exists on several grounds. Uniforms quickly offer a sense of belonging, equality and can aid academic concentration. In fact, uniform is placed with such importance in the UK that it even has its own organization: The Schoolwear Association.

The SA estimates that over 90 per cent of British schools have an uniform of some entity and they make it their business to ensure that students and parents have access to good quality uniforms throughout the year. “The SA believes that a distinctive uniform brings a sense of belonging,” explained David Burgess, the association's chair, to Miss Vogue. “The Schoolwear Association promotes the benefits of a school-specific uniform to schools, students and parents. We believe them to be a positive factor in the behaviour and academic success of students inside and out of the classroom.”

Its latest study alongside Oxford Brookes University and psychologist Dr. Barbie Clarke proves this point. It found that wearing a uniform removes points of difference between students, thus unifying the student body and providing greater focus for academic work.

Uniforms—if not for creating a more egalitarian space—contribute significantly in student efficiency and productivity. As David explained: “A uniform also helps students to improve their academic concentration. Focus groups have found that many pupils chose to remain in their uniforms outside of school to complete homework, to remain in the working mindset.”

Excerpt 2  Wearing a Uniform Limits Self-expression and Promotes Conformity

The most common argument against school uniforms is that they limit personal expression. Kids and teens use the way they dress to express themselves and to identify with certain social groups. Many students who are against school uniforms argue that they lose their self-identity when they lose their right to express themselves through fashion.

The courts have even weighed in on this. Based on the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in 1969 that “it can hardly be argued that either students or teachers shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech or expression at the schoolhouse gate.” The First U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruled in 1970 that “compelled conformity to conventional standards of appearance” does not “seem a justifiable part of the educational process.”

In an era where diversity is on the rise and schools and society are attempting to teach tolerance and positive awareness of differences, requiring schoolchildren to wear uniforms emphasizes sameness and conformity. It encourages tribalism and the idea that having independent thought is not a good thing. It sends the message that being the same is positive and something to be striven for, the right way for the world to be, rather than a message that differences and independent thought and action should be valued.

Additionally, it can cause an issue for children and teens who have questions about their gender identification. It forces them to conform to gender stereotypes in their dress; most uniforms consist of skirts for girls and pants for boys. For example, if a girl feels she might be more comfortable in boyish outfits, she is blocked from making that choice if she is in a school that requires uniforms where she is forced to wear skirts. This choice could go mostly unnoticed in a school where uniforms were not required, and she could feel more comfortable in her dress choices.

■審題思路

本題討論的話題是學生是否應該穿校服。選段1的主要觀點是校服消除了學生之間的差異，使學生產生歸屬感和平等感，從而團結起來；另外，穿校服有助於提高學生的學習專注力，從而提升學習效率。選段2的主要觀點是穿校服限制了學生通過着裝表達自我的權利，在強調一致性的同時使學生喪失了自我認同，從而導致從衆效應；另外，穿校服也在一定程度上誤導學生不重視差異和獨立性。在具體行文方面，第一段總結兩段材料中的不同觀點；第二段首先表明自己的觀點：支持學生穿校服，並展開論述；最後一段總結全文。

■範文及分析

Should Students Wear School Uniforms?

The debate over whether students should wear school uniforms has been going on for a long time. While some people argue that school uniforms have a positive impact on the school environment and enable students to focus more on their studies, others see it as a practice promoting conformity that will prevent kids from expressing themselves through their clothing choices.

Personally, I'm inclined to take the former side. One advantage of uniforms is the instillation of a sense of purpose. When an individual student puts on a school uniform, he or she often feels a stronger sense of identity. Wearing school uniforms also offers students the opportunity to develop a stronger work ethic, since they are more aware of the roles they are expected to play while in uniform.

Another positive aspect of school uniforms is to promote social equality. When the social playing field becomes more even, the educational environment often benefits as well. If all students are required to wear the same outfit, they are on an equal fashion footing. Students from lower economic backgrounds would conceivably face far less teasing if everyone dressed the same. In this sense, school uniforms also help to protect students' self-esteem.

Furthermore, I insist that students should focus on what they are learning rather than what they are wearing. If they aren't preoccupied with their clothes, they will pay more attention to their classwork. Therefore, to some extent, wearing school uniforms is conducive to creating a less distracting learning environment. Besides, as for what opponents have argued, what I'd like to say is that students can express themselves and make themselves stand out through their character and academic performance, not their clothes.

To conclude, as an important part of being a school student, wearing a uniform is good for students to concentrate on their studies, to cultivate their sense of purpose and identity, and to protect their self-esteem.

開頭部分

本文開門見山，指出關於學生是否應該穿校服的爭論已經持續了很長時間，並簡要概述選段中的不同觀點：一些人認爲校服能夠使學生專注於學習，另一些人則認爲這是一種從衆的做法，限制了學生通過服裝選擇來表達自我的權利。

中間部分

首先表明自己贊同前者的觀點，接着運用“One advantage of uniforms is…”“Another positive aspect of school uniforms is…”以及furthermore和besides分條列舉論據。

其中，第二段指出穿校服能夠培養學生的使命感（sense of purpose）、認同感（sense of identity）和職業道德感（work ethic）；第三段指出穿校服的另一個積極影響是促進社會平等（promote social equality）、保護學生的自尊（protect students' self-esteem）；第四段指出穿校服有助於營造一個專注的學習環境（creating a less distracting learning environment），進一步指出學生可以通過他們的個性特點和學習成績而不是着裝來表達自己，讓自己脫穎而出（students can express themselves and make themselves stand out through their character and academic performance, not their clothes）。

結尾部分

運用“To conclude…”總結全文。