2020年12月四六級翻譯預測：四合院

大家好，四六級考試即將來臨，小編爲了幫助廣大考生過級，特開闢新欄目，考前每天一篇翻譯練習（選取最有可能考的翻譯題材、段落），供大家日常練習用。

聲明：押題只是練習翻譯手感，積累話題詞彙，練習常考句式結構，切勿迷信。

博大精深的中國傳統文化，一直是四六級翻譯最常考的話題，今天一起來看下~

一、四合院

四合院(the quadrangle )是中國的一種傳統合院式住宅。一個標準的四合院通常由一個庭院及其四周獨立的房屋構成。

不同方位的房屋有着不同的名稱。坐北對着庭院入口處的稱爲正房(main house)，東西兩邊的稱爲廂房(side house)，坐南朝北的稱爲倒座房(reversely-set house)。

長輩或一家之主住正房，晚輩住廂房。倒座房可以用作廚房、儲物間、客廳或書房。四合院如今已經成爲觀光景點，併爲世界各地的遊客所熟知。

【參考譯文】：

The quadrangle is a traditional courtyard residence in China. A standard quadrangle usually consists of a courtyard with independent houses along its four sides.

Houses in different directions have their own names. The house on the north facing the courtyard’s entrance is called the main house; the house which lies on the east or west is called the side house; and the one that stands on the south is called the reversely-set house.

The older generation or the head of the household lives in the main house, while the younger generation lives in the side houses. The reversely-set house can be used as a kitchen, a storeroom, a sitting-room or a study. The quadrangle has now become a tourist attraction and is well-known to tourists from all over the world.

【難點點撥】：

1. 合院式住宅:譯爲courtyard residence即可，其中residence意爲“住宅， 民居”。

2.坐北對着…東西兩邊…坐南朝北: 這個句子含有三個並列分句，且結構基本一致，所以可以用三個相同結構的連續的分句來表達。爲了避免表達單調，三個分句可選擇不同的謂語動詞，使譯文既有一致性又富有變化。

3.觀光景點:可譯爲a tourist attraction 或a sightseeing spot。

4.世界各地的:英語中可把定語前置或者後置，所以此修飾語可譯成all over the world或worldwide.

二、衚衕

人們說，真正的北京文化是衚衕(hutong)和四合院(quadrangle courtyard)文化。它們比髙樓大吸引的海內外遊客更多。

現在，衚衕已經成爲北京文化的代表，因此對於想了解當地的歷史文化的人來說，衚衕是首選。

衚衕是蒙古詞，意思是“水井”。在元朝，蒙古人髙度重視水，所以幾乎每一個城市社區都圍繞一口井設計。直到今天，人們仍然可以在衚衕中找到枯井。

每條小巷中都有故亊。在古代，它們的名宇是口口相傳的，衚衕裏沒有路標(signpost)。直到明、清兩代，衚衕的名字才逐漸被書寫下來。

【參考譯文】：

People say that the real culture of Beijing is the culture of hutong and quadrangle courtyards. They attract More tourists from home and abroad than the high-rise buildings and large mansions.

Now hutongs have become representatives of Beijing's culture; thus it is the first choice for people who would like to learn about the local history and culture.

Hutong is a Mongolian word meaning “well”. In the Yuan Dynasty, Mongolians attached great importance to water, so almost every community in the city was designed around a well. Until now, one can still find dry wells in hutongs.

Where there is such a lane, there is a story. In ancient times, the names of them were passed from mouth to mouth among people; there were no signposts in hutongs. It was not until the Ming and Qing Dynasties that the names of hutongs were written down gradually.

【難點點撥】：

1. 四合院：可譯爲quadrangle courtyard，也可以用courtyard house或者courtyard表達。

2.高樓大廈：此處可譯爲the high-rise buildings and large mansions，即“高層建築和大廈”。

3.成爲……的代表：可譯爲become representatives of.

4.首選：可譯爲first choice，而best choice則意爲“最佳選擇”。

5.高度重視：可譯爲attach great importance to.其中importance也可以用much修飾。

6.每條小巷中都有故亊：可譯爲Where there is such a lane，there is a story.地道，又與衆不同。

好啦！以上就是小編的今日分享！大家加油鴨！預祝各位一戰過級！！！