中考英語語法難點大全
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中考英語語法難點大全(一)
形容詞和副詞
I. 要點
A. 形容詞
1、 形容詞的用法
形容詞是用來修飾、描繪名詞的，通常在句中作定語、表語或賓補，有時還可作狀語。如：
He is honest and hardworking.
I found the book interesting.
某些形容詞與定冠詞連用表示一類人作主語時，謂語通常用複數形式。如：
The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.
The English like to be with their families.
多個形容詞作定語修飾名詞的順序：
冠詞+序數詞+基數詞+性質狀態(描述性)+形狀大小+新舊老少+顏色+國籍+材料+名詞。如： the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers.
2、 形容詞比較等級的形式
(1) 規則形式
一般說來，單音節詞及少數雙音節詞在後加-er; --est 來構成比較級和最高級;其他雙音節詞及多音節詞在前加More, most.如：
great-greater-greatest
busy-busier-busiest
important-more important-(the)most important
(2) 不規則形式
good (well)-better-best
bad (ill)-worse-worst
many (much)-more-most
little-less-least
(3) 形容詞比較等級的用法
①表示兩者的比較，用形容詞的比較級+than. 如：
He is cleverer than the other boys.
This one is more beautiful than that one.
②表示兩者以上的比較，用"the +形容詞最高級(+名詞)+of(in) …"如：
He is the cleverest boy in his class.
③表示兩者是同等程度，用"as +形容詞原級+as". 如：
He is as tall as I.
I have as many books as you.
④ 越… 越…
例如：The more I learn, the happier I am.
⑤ You can never be too careful. 越小心越好
又如：You can never praise the teacher too highly.
你怎麼讚揚這個老師也不過分。
⑥ I have never spent a more worrying day.
那一天是最令我擔心的一天。
I have never had a better dinner.
這是我吃過的最好的一頓飯。
⑦ My English is no better than yours.
我的英語和你的英語都不怎麼樣。 B.副詞
1、 副詞的種類
(1) 時間副詞 如：ago, before, already, just, now, early, late, finally, tomorrow等
(2) 地點副詞 如：here, there, near, around, in, out, up, down, back, away, outside等。
(3) 方式副詞 如：carefully, angrily, badly, calmly, loudly, quickly, politely, nervously等。
(4) 程度副詞 如：almost, nearly, much, greatly, a bit, a little, hardly, so, very等。
2、 副詞比較等級的用法
其用法與形容詞相似，只是副詞最高級前可省略定冠詞。如：
Of all the boys he sings (the) most beautifully.
We must work harder.
3、 某些副詞在用法上的區別
(1) already, yet, still
already表示某事物已經發生，主要用於肯定句;yet表示期待某事發生，主要用於否定句和疑問句;still表示某事還在進行，主要用於肯定句和疑問句，有時也可用於否定句。如：
We’ve already watched that film.
I haven’t finished my homework yet.
He still works until late every night.
(2) too, as well, also, either
too, as well和 also用於肯定句和疑問句，too和as well多用於口語，一般放在句末，而also多用於書面語，一般放在句中與動詞連用。either用於否定句和否定的疑問句，往往放在句末。如：He went there too.
He didn’t go there either.
I like you as well.
I also went there.
(3) hard, hardly
hardly意爲"幾乎"與hard在詞義上完全不同。如：
I work hard every day.
I can hardly remember that.
(4) late, lately
lately意爲"最近、近來"，late意爲"晚、遲"。如：
He never comes late.
Have you been to the museum lately?
例1 Tom’s father thinks he is already ____
A high enough B tall enough
C enough high C enough tall
解析：該題正確答案是B。修飾人高用tall, 而建築物的高用high,並且enough修飾形容詞要放在形容詞後面。因此該題選B。
例2 ____ the worse I seem to be.
A When I take more medicine
B The more medicine I take
C Taking more of the medicine
D More medicine taken
解析：該題正確答案爲B。"the+形容詞比較級+… , the +形容詞比較級+…"意爲越…，越…。該句意爲：吃的藥越多，我的病越是加重。
例3"I haven’t been to London yet".
"I haven’t been there ____".
A too B also C either D neither
解析：該題正確答案爲C。A和B都用於肯定句中。D-neither本身意爲否定"兩者都不"，而C-either則用於否定句中，意爲"也"。
例4 Mr Smith was ____ moved at the news.
A deep B deeply C very deep D quite deeply
解析：該題正確答案爲B。A. deep用於副詞時，修飾具體的深，如dig deep,而B-deeply則修飾表示感情色彩的詞，如該題爲deeply moved.另如deeply regret等。而D-quite和deeply均爲副詞，不能互相修飾。
中考英語語法難點大全(二)
介詞
I. 要點
1、介詞和種類
(1) 簡單介詞，常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without等。
(2) 複合介詞，如by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of等。
2、介詞和其他詞類的習慣搭配關係
(1) 和動詞的搭配，如agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about等。
(2) 和形容詞的搭配，如afraid of, angry with, different from, good at
(3) 和名詞的搭配，如answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to等.
3、介詞短語可以有自己的修飾語，這種修飾語通常有right, just, badly, all, well, directly, completely等少數幾個副詞。如：
He came right after dinner.
He lives directly opposite the school.
4、 某些介詞的意義與用法舉例
(1) at, on, in(表時間)
表示時間點用at,如at four o’clock, at midnight等;表示不確定的時間或短期假日也用at,如at that time, at Christmas等。
指某天用on, 如on Monday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕用on,如on Friday morning, on the afternoon of September lst等。
指長於或短於一天的時段用in,如in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999等。
(2) between, among(表位置)
between僅用於二者之間，但說三者或三者以上中的每兩個之間的相互關係時，也用between, 如
I’m sitting between Tom and Alice.
The village lies between three hills.
among用於三者或三者以上之間。如：
He is the best among the students.
(3) beside, besides
beside意爲"在…旁邊"，而besides意爲"除…之外"。如：
He sat beside me.
What do you want besides this?
(4)in the tree, on the tree
in the tree 指動物或人在樹上，而on the tree 指果實、樹葉長在樹上
(5)on the way, in the way, by the way, in this way
on the way 指在路上 in the way 指擋道
by the way 指順便問一句 in this way 用這樣的方法
(6)in the corner, at the corner
in the corner 指在拐角內 at the corner 指在拐角外
(7)in the morning, on the morning
in the morning 是一般說法 on the morning 特指某一天的早晨
(8)by bus, on the bus
by bus 是一般說法 on the bus 特指乘某一輛車 II. 例題
例1 Do you know any other foreign language____ English?
A except B but C beside D besides
解析：A、B兩項except等於but，意爲"除了…"，C-beside意爲"在…旁邊"，不符合題意。而D-besides, 意爲"除了…之外，還有"。所以該題正確答案爲D。該題意爲：除了英語外，你還知道別的語言嗎?
例2 He suddenly returned ____ a rainy night.
A on B at C in D during
解析：我們均知道，at night這一短語，但如果night前有修飾詞，表具體的夜晚，則要用介詞on來修飾，故該題正確答案爲A。
例3 I’m looking forward ____your letter.
A to B in C at D on
解析：該題正確答案爲A。look forward to 爲固定搭配，意爲"期望、盼望"。
中考英語語法難點大全(三)
連詞
I. 要點
1、 連詞的種類
(1) 並列連詞用來連接並列關係的詞、短語或分句，如and, for, or, both…and, either…or, neither…nor等。
(2) 從屬連詞用來引導從句，如that, if, whether, when, after, as soon as等。
除了從屬連詞(引導狀語從句)外，還有其它可以用來引導從句的詞類。它們是連接代詞和連接副詞(引導名詞性從句)，關係代詞和關係副詞(引導定語從句)。
2、 常用連詞舉例
(1)and 和，並且
They drank and sang all night.
(2) both…and 和， 既…也…
Both my parents and I went there.
(3) but 但是，而
I’m sad, but he is happy.
(4) either…or 或…或…， 要麼…要麼…
Either you’re wrong, or I am.
(5) for因爲
I asked him to stay, for I had something to tell him.
(6) however 然而，可是
Af first, he didn’t want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go.
(7) neither…nor 既不…也不
Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you.
(8) not only…but(also) 不但…而且…
He not only sings well, but also dances well.
(9) or 或者，否則
Hurry up, or you’ll be late.
Are you a worker or a doctor?
(10) so 因此，所以
It’s getting late, so I must go.
(11) although 雖然
Although it was late, they went on working.
(12) as soon as 一 …就
I’ll tell him as soon as I see him.
(13) because 因爲
He didn’t go to school, because he was ill.
(14)unless 除非，如果不
I won’t go unless it is fine tomorrow.
(15)until 直到…
He didn’t leave until eleven. (瞬間動詞用於not… until 結構)
He stayed there until eleven.
(16)while 當…時候，而 (表示對比)
While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while後不可用瞬間動詞)
My pen is red while his is blue.
(17)for 因爲
He was ill, for he didn’t come. (結論是推斷出來的)
(18)since自從…
I have lived here since my uncle left.
(19)hardly… when 一… 就
I had hardly got to the station when the train left.
(20)as far as 就… 來說
As far as I know, that country is very small.
You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那裏)
II. 例題
例1 John plays football ____, if not better than, David.
A as well B as well as C so well D so well as
解析：該題意爲：John踢足球如果不比David好的話，那也踢得和David一樣好。 和…一樣好爲as well as. 故該題正確答案爲B。
例2 She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.
A when B where C which D while
解析：該處意爲"然而"，只有while有此意思，故選D。
例3 Would you like a cup of coffee ____ shall we get down to business right away?
A. and B. then C. or D. otherwise
解析：該處意爲"或者"，正確答案爲C。
中考英語語法難點大全(四)
動詞時態、語態
I. 要點
1、 一般現在時
(1) 表示經常發生的動作或現在存在的狀態，常與sometimes, always, often, every day等時間狀語連用。如：Sometimes, we go swimming after school.
(2) 表示客觀真理、科學事實等。如：The earth goes round the sun.
2、 現在進行時
(1) 表示說話時或現階段正在進行的動作，常與now, at present等時間狀語連用。如：
What are you doing now?
(2) 和always, continually等連用，表一種經常反覆的動作，常含有某種情感。如：
He is always doing good deeds.
3、 現在完成時
主要表示動作發生在過去，對現在仍有影響，或動作一直延續到現在，或可能還要繼續下去，常與just, already, so far, once, never 等詞連用。如:Have you ever been to Beijing?
4、一般將來時
表示將來某一時間要發生的動作或存在的狀態，常與tomorrow, next year等連用。如：
I’ll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.
We’re going to see a film next Monday.
5、一般過去時
表示在過去某一時間或某一階段內發生的動作或存在的狀態，常與yesterday, last year, in 1998, a moment ago等詞連用。如：It happened many years ago.
6、過去進行時
表示過去某一時刻或某一時期正在發生的動作。如：
What were you doing this time yesterday?
7、 過去完成時
表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經發生或完成了的動作。如：
The train had already left before we arrived.
8、一般過去將來時
表示說話人從過去的角度來看將來發生的動作。如：
He said he would come, but he didn’t.
9、被動語態 被動語態的時態，以give爲例。
時/式 一般 進行 完成
現在 am is given are am is being are has been given have
過去 was given were was being given were had been given
將來 shall be given will shall have been given will
過去將來 should be given would should have been given would
II.例題
例1 I learned that her father ____ in 1950.
A had died B died C dead D is dead
解析：該題正確答案爲B。從句中的謂語動詞動作雖然發生在主句謂語動詞的動作之前，但因從句中有明確的過去時間狀語in 1950, 所以不用過去完成時態，而用一般過去時態。
例2 The five-year-old girl ____ by her parents.
A is looked B has looked for
C is being looked for D has been looked
解析：該題正確答案爲C。在帶有介詞的動詞短語用於被動語態句中，介詞不能省，否則就變成了不及物動詞短語，而不能用於被動語態的句子中。
中考英語語法難點大全(五)
動詞虛擬語氣
I. 要點
表示說的話不是事實，或者是不可能發生的情況，而是一種願望、建議或與事實相反的假設等。一般常用於正式的書面語中。
1、 虛擬語氣的構成
注：如果條件從句謂語動詞包含有were或had, should, could有時可將if省去, 但要倒裝。如：
Had you (If you had) invited us, we would have come to your party.
2、 虛擬語氣在各種從句的應用
(1) 在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、惋惜、理應如此等，其謂語形式是"should(可省) +動詞原形"，常用於以下三種句型中。
句型一：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc) that…
句型二：It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc) that…
句型三：It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc) that…
如： It is strange that he (should) have done that.
It is a pity that he (should) be so careless.
It is requested that we (should) be so careless.
(2) 在賓語從句中用於suggest, propose, move, insist, desire, demand, request, order, command等動詞後的賓語從句中，表間接的命令和建議。其謂語形式是"(should)+動詞原形"。如：
I suggest that we (should) go swimming.
(3) 在表語從句中，表示間接的命令，要求、請求、建議、決定等，主句中的主語通常是suggestion, proposal, request, orders, idea等。從句謂語形式是"(should)+動詞原形"。如：
His suggestion is that we (should) leave at once.
(4) 在同位語從句中，謂語形式是"(should)+動詞原形"。如：
We received order that the work be done at once.
(5) 在It is time that…句型中，其謂語動詞形式是"動詞的過去式"或
"should +動詞原形",should不可省。如：It’s time (that) we went ( should go) to school.
II. 例題
例1 We had hoped that he ____ longer.
A stays B have stayed C stayed D would stay
解析：該題正確答案爲D。had hoped表示"本希望"，同樣用法的動詞還有think, expect等，後面的句子需用虛擬語氣
例2 "Mary wants to see you today".
"I would rather she ____ tomorrow than today."
A comes B came C should come D will come
解析：該題正確答案爲B。would rather後面的從句需用虛擬語氣，用動詞過去時表示。
例3 Had she been older, she ____ it better.
A had done B might have done C might do D would do
解析：Had she been older = If she had been old. 故該題正確答案爲B。
中考英語語法難點大全(六)
短語動詞
I. 要點
英語中有許多短語動詞在意義上是一個整體，其用法有的相當於及物動詞，有的相當於不及物動詞，有的兼有及物動詞和不及物動詞的特徵。英語短語動詞的構成主要有以下六種：
(1) 動詞+介詞
常見的有look for, look after, send for, care about, ask for, laugh at, hear of (from), add to, lead to等。這類短語動詞的賓語只能放在介詞後。如：
Don’t laugh at others.
I didn’t care about it.
(2) 動詞+副詞
常見的有give up, pick up, think over, find out, hand in, point out等。這類短語動詞的賓語如果是名詞，既可放在副詞前邊，又可放在副詞後邊;賓語如果是人稱代詞或反身代詞，則要放在副詞前邊。如：You’ll hand in your homework tomorrow.
Please don’t forget to hand it in.
(3) 動詞+副詞+介詞
常見的有look down upon, go on with, break away from, add up to, catch up with等。這類短語動詞的賓語只能放在介詞後邊。如：
All his money added up to no more than $100.
After a short rest, he went on with his research work.
(4) 動詞+名詞+介詞
常見的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。這類短語動詞的賓語只能放在介詞後邊。如：You should pay attention to your handwriting.
We should make full use of our time.
(5) 動詞+形容詞
常見的有leave open, set free, cut open等。這類短語動詞的賓語如果是名詞，則賓語可放在形容詞的前邊，也可放在後邊;賓語如果是人稱代詞或反身代詞，則必須放在形容詞前邊。如：
The prisoners were set free.
He cut it open.
(6) 動詞+名詞
常見的有take place, make friends等。這類短語動詞用作不及物動詞。如：
This story took place three years ago.
I make friends with a lot of people.
(7)辨析
give away(讓給，暴露) 和 give up(放棄，停止)
put away(放起，收起) 和 put out (撲滅)
turn up(出席，放大) 和 turn on (打開)
keep out(阻止) 和 keep off (不讓靠近)
make up(編造，補上) 和 make out(辨認)
take off(脫，起飛) 和 take out(拿出)
II. 例題
例1 It is wise to have some money ____ for old age.
A put away B kept up C given away D laid up
解析：該題正確答案爲A。意爲"存";keep up意爲"繼續";give away意爲"分發";lay up"貯藏"。例2 Here’s my card. Let’s keep in ____.
A touch B relation C connection D friendship
解析：該題正確答案爲A. keep in touch爲短語動詞，意爲"保持聯繫"。
例3 ____! There’s a train coming.
A Look out B Look around C Look forward D Look on
解析：該題選A. look out 意爲"小心"。
中考英語語法難點大全(七)
動詞不定式
I. 要點
1、 不定式的形式。以動詞write爲例。
式|語態 主動語態 被動語態
一般式 to write to be written
完成式 to have written to have been written
進行式 to be writing
完成進行式 to have been writing
2、 不定式的句法功能
(1) 作主語
To hear from you is nice.
To be a good teacher is not easy.
不定式作主語時，爲了保持句子的平衡，往往以it作形式主語，而不定式置於謂語動詞後。如：It’s nice to hear from you.
It’s not easy to be a good teacher.
(2) 作賓語
通常用於want, hope, wish, like, need, hate, begin, start, remember, agree, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help等詞後。如：I forgot to lock the door.
Please remember to write to me.
(3) 作表語
My job is to pick up letters.
He seemed to have heard nothing.
(4) 作定語
不定式作定語時，須放在它所修飾的名詞或代詞後。如：
I have two letters to write.
I have a lot of work to do.
(5) 作賓補
通常用於want, wish, ask, order, tell, know, help, advise, allow, cause, force等詞後。如：
He ordered her to leave at once.
He was forced to obey his order.
(6) 作狀語
He got up early to catch the first bus.
He worked hard to catch up with the other students.
(7) 作獨立成分
To tell you the truth, I told a lie.
(8) "疑問詞+不定式"結構。 如：
I don’t know how to choose them.
I cannot decide where to go.
(9)不定式的否定式。如：
I decided not to go.
(10)不定式的完成式。如：
He seemed to have cleaned the room before I came in.
The boy is said to have been sent to the hospital last week.
(11)too…to 結構。如：
He was too excited to go to sleep.
He was only too glad to go. (他太高興了，樂意去)
(12)主動表被動。如：
The book is easy to read.
I have a book to read.
II.例題
例1 I haven’t got a chair ____.
A to sit B for to sit on C to sit on D for sitting
解析：該題選C。不定式to sit on在句中作定語，修飾名詞chair. 因爲不定式和它所修飾的名詞間是"動賓關係"，所以不定式必須是及物動詞，故此處on不能省略。
例2 He was made ____. A go B gone C going D to go
解析：該題選D。make sb. do sth. 如果是被動形式，不定式do前的to不能省略。
例3 A new factory is ____ very soon.
A to be built B built
C to build D to building
解析：該題選A。is to be built意爲"將要被建"。
看過中考英語語法難點大全的還看了：
1.中考英語語法知識點
2.中考英語語法精講:副詞
3.中考英語語法反意疑問句專題複習
4.中考英語語法專項訓練題
