“連鎖反應”英語怎麼說

名詞解釋：連鎖反應(a chain reaction)，比喻相關的事物發生相應的變化。你知道怎麼用英語表達嗎?

The continuous haze weather in Shanghai has caused a series of ripple effects. Heavy air pollution is taking its toll on Shanghai's department stores and shopping malls as people reduce their outdoor activities. By contrast, the number of tourists opting for vacations on islands and in forests that promise fresh air away from the suffocating haze is on the rise.

Following last Friday's record air pollution levels, Shanghai was shrouded once again in acrid sMog on this Monday. The air quality index published by the US Consulate stood at 442 ("hazardous") at 7 am, falling to 185 ("unhealthy") by 5 pm.

上海連日以來的霧霾天氣已經導致了一系列的連鎖反應。人們由於嚴重的空氣污染而減少了外出，這導致了上海一些百貨商店和購物中心“門庭冷落”;與之相反的是，以呼吸新鮮空氣爲目的的海島遊和森林遊則日益火爆，遊客數量激增。

上海上週五的空氣污染指數連續爆表，本週一又再次被濃濃的大霧“包得嚴嚴實實”。根據美國領事館公佈的空氣質量指數，早上7點的數值達到了442(有害的)，到下午五點，數值才跌到了185(不健康的)。

　　【講解】

文中的ripple effects就是“連鎖反應”的意思。“ripple”是名詞，意思是“漣漪”。“take one's toll”解釋爲造成損失，例如：His hard work will eventually take its toll on his health. (他這麼辛苦地工作，最終對他身體會造成傷害。)

另外，“air quality index”解釋爲空氣質量指數，縮寫爲AQI，是定量描述空氣質量狀況的指數，其數值越大說明空氣污染狀況越嚴重，對人體健康的危害也就越大。