雅思寫作改錯練習(附答案)
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雅思寫作改錯練習(附答案)
1Futurism, an early twentieth-century movement in art, rejected all traditions and attempts to glorify contemporary life by emphasizing the machine and motion.
2 But, for a small group of students, professional training might be the way to go since well-developing skills, all other factors being equal, can be the difference between having a job or not.
3 For a group of remaining in existence, a profit-making organization must, in the long run, produces something consumers consider useful or desirable.
4 For a result of two or three centuries of scientific investigation we have come to believe that Nature is understandable in the sense that when we ask her questions by way of appropriate observations and experiments，she will answer truly and reward us with discoveries that endure.
5 At the same time, young people should be encourage to communicate with their peers and develop their interpersonal skills, which may help them greatly to reduce dependence in their parents.
6 When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what their advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.
7 Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficiently services to consumers through the use of computers.
8 The American economic system is, organizing around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in that consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.
9 Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, which together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.
10 The individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task of finding that one information relevant to his or her specific problem is complicated, time--consuming, and sometimes even overwhelming.
參考答案
1Futurism, an early twentieth-century movement in art, rejected all traditions and attempts to glorify contemporary life by emphasizing the machine and motion.
錯誤: and並列連接兩個謂語，應該是平行結構。所以attempts應該改爲attempted.
2 But, for a small group of students, professional training might be the way to go since well-developing skills, all other factors being equal, can be the difference between having a job or not.
錯誤: 培養良好的技能不是well-developing而是well-developed.
3 For a group of remaining in existence, a profit-making organization must, in the long run, produces something consumers consider useful or desirable.
錯誤: For a group of remaining in existence應該是For a group to remain in existence.只有後者纔可以做一個目的狀語。produces應該是produce，因爲在插入語in the long run的前邊有must.
4 For a result of two or three centuries of scientific investigation， we have come to believe that Nature is understandable in the sense that when we ask her questions by way of appropriate observations and experiments，she will answer truly and reward us with discoveries that endure.
錯誤: For a result of應該是As a result of.介詞搭配不當.
5 At the same time, young people should be encourage to communicate with their peers and develop their interpersonal skills, which may help them greatly to reduce dependence in their parents.
錯誤: should be encourage應該是should be encouraged,情態動詞的被動語態. dependence in應該是dependence on, 介詞搭配不當.
6 When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what their advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.
錯誤: their advocates應該是its advocates. Its在這裏指代的是a new movement in art.所以不能是their.
7 Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficiently services to consumers through the use of computers.
錯誤: efficiently services應該是efficient services. 這也是許多學生經常犯的一個錯誤。副詞不能修飾名詞，必須得改爲形容詞。
8 The American economic system is, organizing around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in that consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.
錯誤: organizing around a basically private-enterprise應該是organized around a basically private-enterprise.這裏應該是過去分詞來做一個伴隨狀語，而不應該是現在分詞，因爲它是主語的承受者。in that應該是in which.因爲只有in which才能引導一個定語從句。in which=where, 在引導一個定語從句時，後面需要加上一個完整句。而in that只能引導一個狀語從句=because.
9 Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, which together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.
錯誤: which應該是that.與前面的it is構成一個強調句型。強調原句中的主語。
10 The individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task of finding that one information relevant to his or her specific problem is complicated, time--consuming, and sometimes even overwhelming.
錯誤: one information應該是one piece of information. 因爲information是不可數名詞，前面必須加量詞修飾。[CKQ]
11 While talking to you, your could-be employers is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your "wares" and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.
12 With economic growth has come centralization: fully 76 percent of Japan’s 119 million citizens lives in cities which community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, tow-generation households.
13 After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients whom wish to die.
14 The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicate the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever his special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.
15 Your humor must be relevant with the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view.
16 "The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for circumstances they want, and if they cannot find them, make them." Such is the remark made by Bernard Shaw, a great writer. This view has been shared now by more and more people.
17 The current passion to making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produce a two-layer system, in which competitive A-types seem in some way better than their B type fellows
18 Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improving techniques and tools.
19 The "shareholders" as such have no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employing by the company in which he hold shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor are not good.
20 During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month's stockholders' meeting, Levin assert that "music is not the cause of society's ills" and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students.
參考答案
11 While talking to you, your could-be employers is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your "wares" and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.
錯誤: While talking to you在這裏沒錯。當主句的主語和狀語從句的指代的是同一個人或物時，狀語從句的主語可以省略，這就是狀語從句省略結構。your could-be employers is應該是your could-be employers are.否則主謂不一致。pay him應該是pay him or her.
12 With economic growth has come centralization: fully 76 percent of Japan’s 119 million citizens lives in cities which community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, tow-generation households.
錯誤: 119 million citizens lives應該是119 million citizens live. 否則主謂不一致。which應該是where或in which. which引導的定語從句應該是一個不完整的句子，where或in which的後面才能加上一個完整句
13 After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients whom wish to die.
錯誤: whom wish to die應該是who wish to die. whom引導的定語從句應該是一個不完整的句子，whom在定語從句中只能做賓語。而在who引導的定語從句，who既可以做主語，也可以做賓語。
14 The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicate the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever his special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.
錯誤: Indicate應該是indicates.因爲該句的主語是The great interest。否則主謂不一致。whatever his special conditions應該是whatever their special conditions. Their在這裏指代all citizens。
15 Your humor must be relevant with the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view.
錯誤: must be relevant with應該是must be relevant to. 介詞搭配不當.
16 "The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for circumstances they want, and if they cannot find them, make them." Such is the remark made by Bernard Shaw, a great writer. This view has been shared now by more and more people.
錯誤: This view has been shared now應該是This view is shared now或者This view is now being shared.已經有了明確的時間狀語now，所以這裏只能用一般現在時或者現在進行時的被動語態。
17 The current passion to making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produce a two-layer system, in which competitive A-types seem in some way better than their B type fellows
錯誤: The current passion to應該是The current passion for. 介詞搭配不當. produce應該是produces，因爲該句話的主語是The current passion。否則主謂不一致。
18 Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improving techniques and tools.
錯誤: improving techniques and tools應該是improved techniques and tools.用過去分詞或現在分詞做狀語時，要注意它們與被修飾名詞的關係。這裏講得是被改進過的技術和工具，所以應該是improved techniques and tools而不是improving techniques and tools。
19 The "shareholders" as such have no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employing by the company in which he hold shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor are not good.
錯誤: employing by the company應該是employed by the company.過去分詞做後置定語時，相當於一個省略了的定語從句。所以這裏的employed by the company相當於who are employed by the company. he hold shares應該是they hold shares.因爲這裏的they指代的是The "shareholders"。his influence on the relations應該是their influences on the relations. Their在這裏也是指代The "shareholders"。
20 During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month's stockholders' meeting, Levin assert that "music is not the cause of society's ills" and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students.
錯誤: and並列連接兩個謂語，應該是平行結構。 assert應該是asserted.
雅思寫作：中國雅思寫作教與學的重大誤區
雅斯題目要求中有句話：用你自己的觀點和經歷。這句話的目的不是要你寫： I think 或者 In my opinion。不能用文字來表示這是你的觀點，要通過合理合邏輯的論述。這話的目的是不讓你背誦別人的觀點，例如教材上的觀點，而且不要在考場上作弊，別抄襲其他考生的話語。
英文議論文的大禁忌就是：使用 I,you,me,he,she,him,her,his,my,your,hers,mine，等等此類第一人稱單數，第三人稱單數和第二人稱。就是不能用某具體人來舉例。
更不要寫什麼： Do you think ...? I don't think so.而幾乎百分之百的教師和學生不知道這一個禁忌，因爲他們都沒有在英美寫作教學研究專家的指導下學習過寫作。
實際上，不只是華人，就是英國很多語言學校的教師也不懂。雖然判卷子的人也都未必懂，但是你寫出那樣的文章他看這就不順眼，當然他說不出爲什麼，但是不會高看你一眼，而會低看你幾眼。大家可以試驗一下，不使用這些詞，看看還會不會說話?會不會造句?一開始會不知所措，習慣了之後，你的作文和口語就都飛躍了。
雅思寫作：雅思寫作常見錯誤經典總結
一. 不一致(disagreements)
所謂不一致不光指主謂不一致，它還包括了數的不一致 時態不一致及代詞不一 致等.
例1. when one have money ,he can do what he want to .
(人一旦有了錢，他就能想幹什麼就幹什麼.)
剖析：one是單數第三人稱，因而本句的have應改爲has ;同理，want應改爲wants.本句是典型的主謂不一致.
改爲： once one has money ,he can do what he wants (to do)
二. 修飾語錯位(misplaced modifiers)
英語與漢語不同，同一個修飾語置於句子不同的位置，句子的含義可能引起變化.對於這一點中國學生往往沒有引起足夠的重視，因而造成了不必要的誤解.例1. i believe i can do it well and i will better know the world outside the campus.
剖析：better位置不當，應置於句末.
三. 句子不完整(sentence fragments)
在口語中，交際雙方可藉助手勢語氣上下文等，不完整的句子完全可以被理解.可是書面語就不同了，句子結構不完整會令意思表達不清，這種情況常常發生在主句寫完以後，筆者又想加些補充說明時發生.
例1. there are many ways to know the society. for example by tv ,radio ,newspaper and so on .
剖析：本句後半部分"for example by tv ,radio ,newspaper and so on .”不是一個完整的句子，僅爲一些不連貫的詞語，不能獨立成句.
改爲：there are many ways to know society ,for example ,by tv ,radio ,and newspaper.
四. 懸垂修飾語(dangling modifiers)
所謂懸垂修飾語是指句首的短語與後面句子的邏輯關係混亂不清.例如：at the age of ten, my grandfather died. 這句中"at the age of ten"只點出十歲時，但沒有說明” 誰”十歲時.按一般推理不可能是my grandfather, 如果我們把這個懸垂修飾語改明確一點，全句就不那麼費解了.
改爲：
when i was ten, my grandfather died.
例1. to do well in college, good grades are essential.
剖析：句中不定式短語 “to do well in college” 的邏輯主語不清楚.
改爲：
to do well in college, a student needs good grades.
五. 詞性誤用(misuse of parts of speech)
“詞性誤用”常表現爲：介詞當動詞用;形容詞當副詞用;名詞當動詞用等.
例1. none can negative the importance of money.
剖析：negative 系形容詞，誤作動詞。
改爲：
none can deny the importance of money.
六. 指代不清(ambiguous reference of pronouns)
指代不清主要講的是代詞與被指代的人或物關係不清，或者先後所用的代詞不一致。試看下面這一句：
mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid.
(瑪麗和我姐姐很要好，因爲她要她做她的伴娘。)
讀完上面這一句話，讀者無法明確地判斷兩位姑娘中誰將結婚，誰將當伴娘。如果我們把易於引起誤解的代詞的所指對象加以明確，意思就一目瞭然了。這個句子可改爲：
mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid.
例1. and we can also know the society by serving it yourself.
剖析：句中人稱代詞we 和反身代詞yourself指代不一致。改爲：
we can also know society by serving it ourselves.
七. 不間斷句子(run-on sentences)
什麼叫run-on sentence?請看下面的例句。
例1. there are many ways we get to know the outside world.
剖析：這個句子包含了兩層完整的意思：“there are many ways.” 以及“we get to know the outside world.”。簡單地把它們連在一起就不妥當了。
改爲：
there are many ways for us to learn about the outside world. 或：
there are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside world
八. 措詞毛病(troubles in diction)
diction 是指在特定的句子中怎樣適當地選用詞語的問題，囿於教學時間緊迫，教師平時在這方面花的時間往往極其有限，影響了學生在寫作中沒有養成良好的推敲，斟酌的習慣。他們往往隨心所欲，拿來就用。所以作文中用詞不當的錯誤比比皆是。
例1. the increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution.
(農業方面化學物質使用的不斷增加也造成了污染。)
剖析：顯然，考生把obstacles“障礙”，“障礙物”誤作substance“物質”了。另外“the increasing use (不斷增加的使用)” 應改爲“abusive use (濫用)”。
改爲：
the abusive use of chemical substances in agriculture also causes/leads to pollution.
九. 累贅(redundancy)
言以簡潔爲貴。寫句子沒有一個多餘的詞;寫段落沒有一個無必要的句子。能用單詞的不用詞組;能用詞組的不用從句或句子。如：
in spite of the fact that he is lazy, i like him.
本句的“the fact that he is lazy”系同謂語從句，我們按照上述“能用詞組的不用從句”可以改爲：in spite of his laziness, i like him.
例1. for the people who are diligent and kind, money is just the thing to be used to buy the thing they need.
剖析：整個句子可以大大簡化。
改爲：
diligent, caring people use money only to buy what they need.
十. 不連貫(incoherence)
不連貫是指一個句子前言不對後語，或是結構上不暢通。這也是考生常犯的毛病。
例1. the fresh water, it is the most important things of the earth.
剖析：the fresh water 與逗號後的it 不連貫。it 與things 在數方面不一致。
改爲：
fresh water is the most important thing in the world.
十一. 綜合性語言錯誤(comprehensive misusage)
所謂“綜合性語言錯誤”，是指除了上述十種錯誤以外，還有諸如時態，語態，標點符號，大小寫等方面的錯誤。
例y, money to everybody is very importance, our’s eat, cloth, live, go etc.
