高考英語寫作常見錯誤
在高考中，我們要避免在英語寫作中一些常見的錯誤，務求做到盡善盡美。下面是本站小編給大家整理的高考英語寫作常見錯誤，供大家參閱!
句型混亂是高考英語作文中最常見的一種錯誤，也是很多考生在英語作文中拿不到高分的一個重要原因。一方面可能是因爲考生語法知識不夠牢固，另一方面則是在平時的學習中過於依賴“記憶”而缺乏分析。本文將總結高考英語作文中出錯頻率最高的幾類句型供學習者作爲素材積累：有則改之，無則加勉。
實例一：他不可能被錄取
誤：It is impossible of him to be admitted.
正：it is impossible for him to be admitted.
析：這個錯誤反映的是一個常見的句法混淆，即：“it is + adj.+of + sb. to do sth.”與“it is + adj.+ for+ sb. to do sth.”之間的區別。如果句中的形容詞與主語構成相應的邏輯關係，就用of表明其本身所具有的特點。例如：It is very kind of you to do so. 你這麼做真是很友善。(這裏的內在邏輯就是：You are verykind.);如果句中的形容詞與主語不構成任何邏輯關係，而是後面to do所表示的真正主語與形容詞構成了邏輯關係則用for。
實例二：她去香港了。
誤：She has been to Hong Kong.
正：She has gone to Hong Kong.
析：has been to表示某人去過什麼地方，而現在不在那個地方;has gone to表示某人去了什麼地方，現在不在(說話人)這裏。
實例三：這是我有生以來第一次跟媽媽吵架。
誤：This is the first time I argued with my Mother.
正：This is the first time I have argued with my mother.
析：This is/was the first time後面的從句應該用完成時態，如果以現在爲時間基準，則是this is thefirst+ sb have (has) done;如果是描述過去的某個動作則以過去的那個時間爲基準，於是就是this wasthe first time + sb. had done。考生在此混淆的一個句型可能是“it's time that sb. did”，這是一個含有虛擬語氣的that從句，表示“到了該做什麼的時間了”，例如：It's time we made a change. 到了我們該做點變化的時候了。
實例四：直到今天早上十點我才聯繫上她。
誤：It was not until 10 o'clock this morning when I got through to her.
正：It was not until 10 o'clock this morning that I got through to her.
析：這是強調句式與時間狀語從句的混用。“it + be +被強調部分+ that(或者who)+句子其他成分 ”是我們常說的強調句型，被強調的部分一般都是主語、賓語或者狀語。而“It + be+一個準確時間+when時間狀語從句”是高考英語中另一個常見句型，意思是“後面動作發生的時候是幾點”。例如：It was 5 o'clockyesterday afternoon when I met her. 我見到她的時候是昨天下午五點。
實例五：過了這條大街你就能找到超市的入口。
誤：Get across the street, you will find the entrance to the supermarket.
正：Get across the street, and you will find he entrance to the supermarket.
析：錯誤的句子中前後兩個部分沒有構成任何關係，處在完全斷層的狀態。所以可以在後半句前面加上並列連詞構成並列句，或者也可以寫成：After you get across the street, you will find the entrance to thesupermarket. 這樣就是一個帶有時間狀語從句的主從複合句。總之，兩個句號之間的任何兩個句子都必須構成一定的關係，需要有相應的連詞。
結語：
很多句型之間都存在一定形式上的相似性，要想在高考英語作文中熟練地使用這些句型，考生必須在平時練習的過程中多加分析，準確把握每個句型內在的構成規律。
高考英語書面表達寫作常見錯誤(一)名詞
寫作中，學生們常把握不好名詞的數、所有格以及一些集合名詞的用法。
1. He gave me a very good advice yesterday.
句中的a要去掉，因爲advice是不可數名詞。一些漢語概念爲可數的詞在英語中卻是不可數的，表示數量時在其前加a piece of，類似的詞有：news, bread, work, paper, chalk, furniture, information等等。
2. That girl loves reading book.
可數名詞單數不能孤零零地放在句子裏，或前面加冠詞，或將其變爲複數。此處最好變爲books.
3. He went into a book’s shop and bought a dictionary.
一般表示有生命的東西的名詞的所有格用’s，如my mother’s car, 而此處適宜用名詞修飾名詞，改爲a book shop.
4. My family is watching TV.
一些集合名詞如看成一個整體，則用單數的謂語動詞，如My family is a happy one; 如強調集合中每個個體的個人行爲，則用複數的謂語動詞。此處看電視是個體行爲，應把is改爲are。類似的詞有：team, class, audience等。
5.I bought some potatos and tomatos at the supermarket.
中學階段以“o”結尾的名詞中有四個詞變複數時要加es，它們是tomato, potato, Negro, hero; 其餘的都加s變爲複數。
has nothing to do with their believes.(這和他們的信仰沒關係。)
以f, fe 結尾的詞變爲複數時一般去f, fe 加ves，如knife—knives, thief—thieves; 而roof 和belief直接加s變爲複數。所以應把believes改爲beliefs.
(二)冠詞
boss wants to hire an useful person.
用a還是an，取決於後面單詞的第一個音標，如爲元音用an，爲輔音用a。
useful的第一個音是輔音所以應把an改爲a。類似的，我們說a European country.
e is a machine that can fly.
Plane爲可數名詞單數，不能單獨放在句中，應在其前加冠詞或把它變爲複數，而本句後有a machine, 因此只能在其前面加a，變爲A plane。
played a piano at the party yesterday.
把a 改爲the ，因爲樂器前用定冠詞。
machine was invented in 1920s.
在in後加the，因爲表示年代用in加the再加幾十的複數，如在八十年代in the 80s。
Hong went to school by the bus every day.
去掉the，因爲表示交通方式用by直接加交通工具。
(三)代詞
使用代詞時請注意其單、複數，主、賓格以及形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的用法。
is one of those speakers who make his ideas perfectly clear.
定語從句的先行詞是those speakers，爲複數，因此從句中的指示代詞應爲複數，應把his改爲their。
13. Whom do you think has left the lights on?
放在疑問句特殊疑問詞後的do you think / believe / guess / imagine / suppose等都不參與句子成分，把它們去掉後，疑問詞在句中做主語用主格，做賓語用賓格。本句中去掉do you think後缺的是主語，應把Whom改爲Who。
boss pretended not to see John and I.
John和I在句中都做的賓語，應把I 改爲me。
e books are mine; those in the bag are her.
Her是形容詞性物主代詞，後面應該加名詞books，或把her 改爲hers。
(四)數詞
e are fourteen hundreds students in our school.
Hundred / thousand / million / score/ dozen等詞前有具體數字時後不加s，前面沒有具體數字時在其後加s 和of，表示大約幾百幾千的概念。如 two hundred students(兩百個學生)，hundreds of students(成百上千個學生)。例句中應把hundreds 改爲hundred。
r school is twice as larger as our school.
表倍數關係的as---as中間只能用形容詞或副詞的原級。因此把larger改爲large.
y’s homework is a five-hundred-words composition.
幾個單詞由連字符連接而組成的複合形容詞中的名詞只能用單數，所以把five-hundred-words改爲five-hundred-word.
third of the students in our school are from America.
英語表達中分數的分子用基數詞，分母用序數詞，分子大於一時分母后要加s，所以就把third 改爲thirds.
(五)形容詞和副詞
形容詞和副詞容易被誤用，形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級也是應注意的重點。
patient appeared nervously when he talked to the doctor.
appear在此是個系動詞，其後應接形容詞作表語。所以把nervously改爲nervous.
artist worked hardly to finish his drawings on time.
此句需要一個副詞來修飾，hardly是副詞，但意爲“幾乎不”，hard 也可以是副詞，表努力，因此把 hardly 改爲hard.
shirt is more cheaper than that one.
More只構成比較級，而不能修飾比較級。因此把more去掉。
is the most successful of the two businessmen.
兩者相比較時，比較級前用定冠詞，三者或三者以上才用most，因此把most改爲more.
works less harder than he used to.
表不如… 時用less加上形容詞和副詞的原級，因此把harder改爲hard.
book is fairly more interesting than that one.
fairly只能修飾形容詞和副詞的原級，可以修飾比較級的副詞或短語有：much, even, still, far, a lot, a little, a bit, any, no, by far, rather等，因此把fairly改爲rather.
is as an interesting a story as the one in the magazine.
as … as中間的詞序是as加上形容詞加上a(n)加上名詞再加上as，因此應改爲as interesting a story as the one.
weather here is nicer than Xizang.
同樣的事物才能相比較，weather和Xizang不具有可比性，因此應改爲The weather here is nicer than that of Xizang.
29.I would rather take a train than went by bus.
這個詞組爲would rather do … than do …，因此把went改爲go.
there interesting anything at the meeting?
修飾anything, something, every-thing, nothing的形容詞都要放在它們的後面。
31.I never have seen such a person before.
像never之類的副詞在句中應放在be動詞、助動詞之後，實意動詞之前。因爲應改爲I have never seen such a person before.
book is worth to be read.
be worth doing 意爲值得被做。因此改爲The book is worth reading.
is sure that he will succeed.
sure 的主語只能爲人，而certain的主語可爲人和物。因此把sure改爲certain.
is regarded as one of the best alive writers at present.
alive 爲表語形容詞，偶爾也做後置定語。因此把alive改爲living，或把alive 放在writers後面。
35.I don’t know that he has finished the work yet.
yet 用於否定和疑問句，already用於肯定句。把yet 改爲already.
said nearly nothing at the meeting.
nearly 不與否定詞用在同一個句子中，而almost可以。因此把nearly 改爲almost.
高考英語書面表達寫作錯誤分析(六)介詞
usually goes to school by his father’s car.
by加上名詞表示一種交通方式，中間什麼都不加，如by car, by bus, by plane等;如果名詞前有其他的詞修飾，則應除by以外的其他介詞，此處把by改爲in.
se wait me at the school gate.
wait爲不及物動詞，需加介詞for後才能再跟名詞或代詞做賓語。
has been married with Betty for more than twenty years.
marry不跟 with連用，應把with改爲to。
40.I finished the work on time under the help of him.
“在…的幫助下”用with而不用under。
(七)情態動詞
can be at home now because the light in his room is still on.
表特別有把握的肯定判斷時用must，表特別有把握的否定判斷時用can, can表判斷時只用在否定句中。因此把can 改爲must。
need come here before the meeting begins.
作情態動詞時need用在否定，疑問和條件句中，不能用於肯定句中，而作實意動詞時則可以。所以應改爲：He needs to come here before the meeting begins.
used to get up very early in the morning, and now he is still doing so.
used to 用來表示過去常常做某事而現在不了，所以應把後半句改爲：but now he is not doing so.
44.I needn’t come yesterday because all the work had been finished.
由於情態動詞本身不體現時態，所以在談論過去的事情時在情態動詞後加 have done，因此在 needn’t 後加have。
hadn’t better stay up too late because you have to get up early tomorrow.
had better 的否定在 better 後面加not.
(八)動詞的時態
英語的常用時態有十六種，一般根據上下文和時間狀語來確定時態。
46.I will tell her about that when she will come tomorrow.
主句爲將來時，其時間、條件、方式和讓步狀語從句中用一般現在時。因此將will come改爲comes。
meeting is about to begin in ten minutes.
be about to 一般不與具體的時間狀語連用。因此把 in ten minutes 去掉。
boy opened his eyes for a moment, looking at the captain and then died.
此處look並非伴隨狀語，而是三個並列的謂語動詞，因此把looking 改爲looked。
49.I have bought this bike for ten years and I am still using it now.
當句中有for加一段時間作狀語時，謂語動詞必須爲延續性動詞，此處把bought改爲kept。
50.I haven’t learnt any English before I came here.
我來這兒已經是過去的動作，在此之前發生的事應該用過去完成時。因此應把haven’t改爲hadn’t
(九)動詞的語態
及物動詞用在主動語態時要有賓語，因此可以變爲被動語態;不及物動詞用於主動語態時不能接賓語，因此無被動語態。
two thieves have been disappeared.
disappear 爲不及物動詞，因此不能用於被動語態。所以把 been去掉。
building built now will be our teaching building.
表“現在正在建的”應用被動語態的正在進行時，因此在built 前加being。
is being operated by the famous doctor.
主動語態變爲被動語態時，應注意短語動詞的完整性，別忘了介詞或副詞。“給…做手術”應爲operate on sb，所以在operated 後加上on。
54.I wonder if the doctor has been sent.
原因同上，應在sent 後加上for。
book written by him is sold well.
說一本書暢銷是指書本身的屬性，因此不用被動語態。本句應改爲：The book written by him sells well.
history book is worthy reading.
“值得被做”可以有如下幾種說法：be worth doing; be worthy of being done; be worthy to be done. 因此本句應該爲：This history book is worthy to be read.
(十)非謂語動詞
are going to talk about the problem discussing at the last meeting.
此處爲分詞作定語，問題應該被討論，所以把discussing改爲discussed。
girl dressed herself in red is my sister.
dress爲及物動詞，意爲“給…穿衣服”，此處爲分詞作定語修飾girl, girl應是它的邏輯賓語，因此把herself去掉。
g seriously ill, his class-mates sent him to hospital.
分詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語爲這句話的主語，此句應爲“因爲他病了，他的同學才把他送到醫院去”，因此把前半句改爲：He being seriously ill.
ng not seen her for many years, we could hardly recognize her.
現在分詞的否定應把not放在現在分詞前面，所以前半句應改爲：Not having seen her for many years.
ng from the space, the earth looks like a ball.
分詞作狀語，其邏輯主語應是這句話的主語，此句中地球應該被看，所以把Seeing 改爲Seen。
ish is easy to learn it.
此句中是不定式作狀語修飾easy, English應該是learn的邏輯賓語，所以把it去掉。
63.I will get somebody repair the recorder for you.
“讓某人做某事”可以有以下幾種表達法：make sb do sth; have sb do sth; get sb to sth. 因此在repair 前加to。
decided to work harder in order to not fall behind the others.
不定式的否定把not放在to前面。因此應改爲：She decided to work harder in order not to fall behind the others.
’s better to laugh than crying.
表比較時比較的雙方應爲同種結構，或都是名詞或都是不定式。因此有兩種改法：It’s better to laugh than to cry 或 It’s better laughing than crying.
’s no use to send for the doctor.
做某事是沒用的要說成It’s no use doing,所以把to send 改爲sending。
practices to play the piano after school every day.
practise 後只跟動名詞作賓語，因此把to play 改爲playing。
the teacher came in, he stopped listening to the teacher.
stop doing 爲停止做這件事，而stop to do 爲停下來正在做的事去做這件事。所以後半句應該爲：he stopped to listen to the teacher.
(十一)名詞性從句
are talking about if this plan should be carried out.
If 和whether都可以引導動詞的賓語從句，如果從句做的是介詞賓語，只能用whether引導。所以把if 改爲whether。
70.I can not decide if to stay or not.
只有whether才能和不定式搭配使用。因此把if 改爲whether。
suggestion is we try for a second time.
表語從句的引導詞如爲that，一般不省略。因此在we前加上that。
will the professor say is not known yet.
名詞性從句的語序都是陳述句語序。因此應改爲：What the professor will say is not known yet.
