關於大象的初一英語文章
大象和老虎曾在廣西許多地方都留有它們的雄姿威貌,而如今已難見其蹤影。本文是關於大象的初一英語文章，希望對大家有幫助!
研究稱大象有4種性格 助其野外生存
Elephants have four distinct personalities that help their herd survive in the African bush,scientists have found.
科學家發現，大象有四種性格，幫助它們的羣落在非洲叢林中生存下來。
With their grey skin, mournful eyes and slow plodding gait, you could be forgiven for thinkingelephants are uniformly melancholy creatures. But scientists have now discovered the largestliving land animals have personalities to match their size.
很多人誤以爲，有着灰色皮膚、悲傷眼神、邁着緩慢沉重步履的大象性格都是憂鬱的。但是科學家現在發現，這種現存最大陸生動物身材不同，性格也不同。
In a new study of African elephants, researchers have identified four distinct characters thatare prevalent with a herd – the leaders, the gentle giants, the playful rogues and thereliable plodders.
在一項對非洲象的新研究中，研?a href="">咳嗽狽⑾執笙筧郝渲兇畛＜乃鬧紙厝徊煌男願?mdash;—領袖性格、溫和性格、頑皮性格和可靠耐勞性格。
Each of the types has developed to help the giant mammals survive in their harshenvironment and are almost unique in the animal kingdom, according to the scientists.
科學家稱，每種性格都能幫助這種巨型哺乳動物在嚴酷環境中生存，這在動物王國中幾乎是獨一無二的。
Professor Phyllis Lee and her colleague Cynthia Moss studied a herd of elephants in theAmboseli National Park in Kenya known as the EB family – famous for their matriarch Echobefore she died in 2009.
菲利斯·李教授和她的同事辛西婭·莫斯研究了肯尼亞安波塞利國家公園裏的一羣號稱“EB家庭”的大象，這個羣落因其女家長艾柯而出名，艾柯於2009年離世。
Using data collected over 38 years of watching this group, the researchers analysed them for 26types of behaviour and found four personality traits tended to come to the fore.
在觀察這個羣落並收集了38年的數據之後，研究人員分析了這些大象的26種行爲方式，發現了最顯著的四種性格類型。
The strongest personality to emerge was that of the leader. Unlike other animals, whereleadership tends to be won by the most dominant and aggressive individual, the elephantsinstead respected intelligence and problem solving in their leader. Echo, the matriarch andoldest in the group, her daughter Enid, and Ella, the second oldest female, all emerged asleaders.
個性最強的就是領袖性格的大象。其他動物的領導權一般都是最具主導力和侵略性的個體贏得，但大象尊敬的是領導的智慧和解決問題的能力。羣落中最年長的女家長艾柯、她的女兒艾妮德、年紀僅次於艾柯的艾拉都是象羣的領袖。
The playful elephants tended to be younger but were more curious and active. Eudora, a 40-year-old female in the herd, seemed to be the most playful, consistently showing this traitthrough out her life while playfulness in some of the other elephants declined with age.
頑皮的大象一般年紀小些，但是更好奇、更好動。羣落中一頭40歲的雌象尤多拉似乎是最貪玩的，這種頑皮的性格陪伴了她一生，但其他一些大象的頑皮卻隨着年齡而消減。
Gentle elephants, which included two 27-year-old females Eleanor and Eliot, caressed andrubbed against others more than the others.
溫和的大象——包括兩頭27歲的雌象艾琳娜和艾略特——更經常愛撫和觸碰其他大象。
Those that were reliable tended to be those that were most consistent at making gooddecisions, helped to care for infants in the herd and were calm when faced with threats. Echoand her youngest daughter Ebony seemed to be the most reliable.
那些可靠性格的大象通常總是做出正確決定，幫助照顧羣落中的幼象，而且在面臨威脅時能保持冷靜。艾柯和她最年幼的女兒艾伯妮似乎是羣落中最可靠的大象。
Professor Lee said that elephants with these traits tended to be the most socially integrated inthe group while those who tended to be less reliable and pushy were more likely to split fromthe herd.
李教授說，擁有這些性格的大象通常都是最能融入羣體的，而那些沒那麼可靠、一意孤行的大象則最可能脫離象羣。
關於大象的初一英語文章篇二美國馬戲團禁用大象
One of the largest circus companies in the USA will soon no longer have performing elephants as part of its shows. The Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey Circus said it would stop using elephants by 2018. All the 43 animals it currently uses will be moved to an animal conservation centre in Florida. There, the giant creatures will live out their retirement. The decision came after a lot of protests from the public. One hundred years ago, people thought it was OK for animals to perform to please humans. However, the world is different today and people are more worried about the lives of the animals. The circus will continue touse other animals, such as camels, dogs, horses, lions and tigers.
Circuses have been criticised for many years by animal rights activists and the public who care about the treatment of animals. Jessica Johnson, a spokeswoman for PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) explained how elephants have a bad life in circuses. She said: "Many of the elephants are painfully arthritic, and many have tuberculosis, so their retirement day needs to come now." Many cities and towns in the USA have banned the use of elephants for entertainment. This has made it hard for circuses to travel around the country. Owners of the circus company said the decision to stop using elephants was not easy but understood that: "There's been somewhat of a mood shift among our consumers."
美國最知名的馬戲團之一宣佈將不會再使用大象進行表演。林林兄弟和巴納姆和貝利馬戲團稱他們將會在2018年之前停止使用大象。目前，所有表演的大象將會轉移到佛羅里達的動物保護中心。這些龐然大物將會在那裏退休。這一決定是因爲公衆提出了抗議。100年前，人們認爲使用動物來取悅人類是可以實現的。但是，如今的世界不同了，人們對動物的生命更加關注。馬戲團還將使用其它如駱駝、狗、馬、獅子以及老虎等動物。
近些年，動物權利保護人士以及公衆對馬戲團進行了多方批判，公衆更加關注的是人們對待動物的方式。善待動物組織發言人傑西卡·喬森向人們解釋了動物在馬戲團生活的艱苦狀況。她說：“許多大象都有嚴重的關節炎，所以許多還患有肺結核，所以它們的退休時間需要提前。”許多批判家以及一些美國鄉村都禁止使用大象作爲娛樂工具。這使得馬戲團很難在美國開展巡演。一家馬戲團的負責人稱這樣的決定是很艱難的，但是也是可以理解的，他稱：“顧客的心態有了不少的改變。”
關於大象的初一英語文章篇三泰國大象的生存危機
or centuries, in the countries of south and Southeast Asia the elephant has been an intimatepart of the culture, economy and religion, and nowhere more so than in Thailand. Unlike itsAfrican cousin, the Asian elephant is easily domesticated (馴化). The rare so-called whiteelephants have actually lent the authority of kingship to its rulers and until the 1920s thenational flag was a white elephant on a red the early Western visitors thecountry's romantic name was “Land of the White Elephant”.
Today, however, the story is very different. Out of work and out of land, the Thai elephantstruggles for survival in a nation that no longer needs it. The elephant has found itself more orless abandoned by previous owners who have moved on to a different economic world and awesternized society. And while the elephant's problems began many years ago, now it rates avery low national priority.
How this reversal from national icon (聖像) to neglected animal came about is a tale ofworsening environmental and the changing lives of the Thais themselves. According to RichardLair, Thailand’s experts on the Asian elephant and author of the report Gone Astray, at theturn of the century there may well have beenas many as 100,000 domestic elephants in thecountry. In the north of Thailand alone it was estimated that more than 20,000 elephants wereemployed in transport, 1,000 of them alone on the road between the cities of Chiang Mai andChiang Saen. This was at a time when 90 per cent of Thailand was still forest—a habitat (棲息地) that not only supported the animals but also made them necessary to carry goods andpeople. Nothing ploughs through dense forest better than a massive but sure-footed elephant.
By 1950 the elephant population had dropped to a still substantial 13,397, but today thereare probably nomore than 3,800, with another 1,350 roaming free in the national parks. Butnow, Thailand’s forest coversonly 20 per cent of the land. This deforestation (採伐森林) is thecentral point of the elephant's difficult situation, for it has effectively put the animals out ofwork. This century, as the road network grew, so the elephant's role as a beast of burdendeclined.
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