中英雙語話中國藝術 第1期:中國早期電影發展

1. The Early Period of the Movie

1、中國早期電影的發展

At the move of the 19th century, the movie was introduced into China. In 1896， a Western movie was shown in Shanghai, which was the first movie showing in China. In 1905，a photo studio in Beijing made the first Chinese movie , which was only a collection of scenes from a Beijing opera based on the classical novel The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. In the early thirties, many revolutionary movies were produced, such as Spring Silkworms, Plunder of Peach and Plum , Three Modem Women , The Great Road，Song of the Fishermen，and Crossroads. These movies reflect the realities of society and the wishes of the people.

19世紀末期，電影引人中國。中國第一部引進的西方電影於1脫年在上海上映。 1905年，北京一家照相室選取京劇傳統曲目《三國演義》的一些簡單場景製作了中國第一部電影。在中國電影事業發展的最初30年中，創作了許多革命電影，例如:《春蠶》、《桃李劫機《三個摩登女性》、《大路》、《溫光曲》、《十字街頭}，集中反映了當時社會的現狀和人民的願望。

During the Anti-Japanese War, many progressive movies were made, such as Defend Our Land, The March of Victory, The North is Ours, Sons and Daughters of China，and The Snowy Taihang Mountains. The movies reflected the people's requirement for resistance against Japan.

抗戰期間，許多進步電影誕生了，例如《保衛我們的土地》、《勝利進行曲》、《華北是我們的》、《中華兒女》、《風雪太行山》。這些電影都反映了人民要求堅持抗戰的強烈願望。

After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War，a great number of excellent movies were produced , Such as Remote Love , Along the Songhua River，Eight Thousand Li of Cloud and Moon, and The Spring River Flows East. All of them areαbout the people's life or struggles during the War of Resistance against Japan.

抗戰勝利後，中國電影發行瞭如《遙遠的愛》、《松花江上》、《八千里路雲和月》和《一江春水向東流》等大批反映抗戰時期人民生活和鬥爭的傑出電影。

In the liberated areas, the founding of the Ya'ann Movie Group marks the starting point of the people's movie industry. This group shot valuable documentaries which included yan'an and the Eighth Route Army, Dr. Norman Bethune, and Nanniwan. In 1946, the Yan'an Movie Studio was founded and recorded part of the Liberation War. In October, the Northeast Movie Studio was established. Its main productions were seventeen newsreels entitled The Democratic Northeast.

在解放區，延安電影團的成立標誌着人民電影事業的開始。先後拍攝了《延安與八路軍》、《白求恩大夫》和《南泥灣》等一些價值很高的紀錄片。1946年，延安電影製片廠成立，出品了一些解放戰爭的影片。10月，東北電影製片廠成立，主要作品爲《民主東北》17部系列新聞片。

Many old progressive movies made before the founding of the People's Republic of China adopted the realistic style; therefore they reflect Chinese society and the lives of the people and show sympathy for the poor. Early movie-makers owned clear purpose of their work: to make movies which could entertain the ordinary people so that they managed to make the plot development, customs and habits , language and acting of their movies conform to the tastes of the audience. Obviously, the pioneers of China's progressive movies made great contributions to the development of China's movie industry.

建國前很多進步影片採用了現實主義形式，對中國社會、民生都有很大的影響力，這些影片都表達了對窮苦大衆的同情。爲了實現電影的創作目標一一一愉悅普通老百姓，早期電影工作者努力使情節發展、風俗習慣、語言、表演都能符合觀衆品位。中國進步電影的先驅們爲中國電影事業的發展做出了巨大貢獻。