奧斯卡頒獎夜使勁洗白 Chris Rock Takes Aim and Spotlight Wins Best Picture

Tom McCarthy’s “Spotlight,” a newspaper drama about the Catholic Church cover-up of sexual abuse by priests, snatched top honors at the 88th Academy Awards on Sunday, even as Leonardo DiCaprio won the best actor prize, his first Oscar, for “The Revenant” and Alejandro G. Iñárritu was named best director for the same film.

洛杉磯――湯姆·麥卡錫(Tom McCarthy)的《聚焦》(Spotlight)是一部新聞情節劇，講述天主教會掩護許多神父的性侵行爲，週日它在第88屆奧斯卡獎上獲得了諸多最高榮譽，此外萊昂納多·迪卡普里奧(Leonardo DiCaprio)憑藉《荒野獵人》(The Revenant)中的表現，首次獲得最佳演員獎，該片導演亞歷桑德羅·G·伊納裏多(Alejandro G. Iñárritu)獲得最佳導演獎。

Michael Sugar, a “Spotlight” producer, said he hoped the win would “resonate all the way to the Vatican.” He added, “Pope Francis, it’s time to protect the children.”

《聚焦》製片邁克爾·舒格(Michael Sugar)說，希望該片獲獎可以“引起梵蒂岡的反應”。他又補充，“方濟各教皇(Pope Francis)，現在是時候保護孩子們了。”

It was one of several causes promoted during the night at a ceremony that became a raucous diversity lesson under the guidance of the host, Chris Rock.

在主持人克里斯·洛克(Chris Rock)的主導下，當晚的頒獎禮成了關於多樣化的喧囂一課，舒格的發言也是其中的一部分。

Mr. Sugar spoke while accepting an award that to many had seemed pointed toward “The Revenant.”

舒格在做獲獎致辭時說了這番話，不少人認爲這個獎項本應屬於《荒野獵人》。

The split in top prizes capped a chaotic year in which “Spotlight,” seen as a front-runner after its debut in a string of September festivals, watched competitors win key awards from the producers guild, the directors guild and the British film academy.

最高獎項的歸屬爲這個喧囂的年份一錘定音，《聚焦》自從去年九月在一系列電影節上映後就一直領跑，卻只能看着競爭對手們獲得製片人工會、導演工會和英國電影學院的關鍵獎項。

But voters from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences embraced the confusion, honoring “Spotlight” as the best picture, while spreading its acting awards among four films. Brie Larson was named best actress for “Room”; Alicia Vikander was named best supporting actress for “The Danish Girl”; and Mark Rylance was best supporting actor for “Bridge of Spies.”

但是電影藝術與科學學院的投票者們也同樣感染了這種困惑，它將最佳影片獎授予《聚焦》，同時將最佳表演獎分授四部影片。布麗·拉森(Brie Larson)憑藉《房間》(Room)獲得最佳女主角獎，艾麗西亞·維坎德(Alicia Vikander)憑藉《丹麥女孩》(The Danish Girl)獲得最佳女配角獎，馬克·裏朗斯(Mark Rylance)憑《間諜之橋》(Bridge of Spies)獲得最佳男配角獎。

Mr. DiCaprio, who had long been considered a lock for his performance as Hugh Glass, a real-life frontiersman left for dead, in “The Revenant,” seemed to be the main event, however.

迪卡普里奧在《荒野獵人》中飾演休·格拉斯(Hugh Glass)，這是一個現實生活中存在的拓荒者，長期以來，憑藉他的表演，他被視爲鎖定了這一獎項，他領獎時彷彿是該頒獎禮最重要的環節。

“Making ‘The Revenant’ was about man’s relationship to the natural world,” Mr. DiCaprio said, adding a political theme that was matched, if not one-upped, by others as the night moved on.

“《荒野獵人》講的是一個男人與自然世界之間的關係，”迪卡普里奧說道，並且還補充了一個就算未能更勝一籌，但卻也同當晚其他話題相稱的政治觀點。

“Climate change is real, it is happening right now,” Mr. DiCaprio said.

“全球氣候變暖是真實的，它現在正在發生，”迪卡普里奧說。

He also paid tribute to Mr. Iñárritu, who in turn played a diversity theme that dominated the night.

他還向導演伊納裏多致敬，伊納裏多也是今晚多樣化主題的一部分。

What an opportunity, he said, to “make sure for once and forever that the color of the skin become as irrelevant as the length of our hair,” said Mr. Iñárritu, who is from Mexico.

伊納裏多在墨西哥發言說，這是一個很好的機會，“從此確保人們的膚色和頭髮的長度一樣無關緊要。”

While Hollywood may have owed Mr. DiCaprio one after four prior acting nominations, including those for “The Aviator” and “The Wolf of Wall Street,” it apparently figured his prize and the directing award for Mr. Iñárritu were enough.

此前好萊塢或許已經欠了迪卡普里奧四個最佳表演獎，包括他在影片《飛行家》(The Aviator)與《華爾街之狼》(The Wolf of Wall Street)中的表現，這一次，似乎授予他最佳男主角獎，並授予伊納裏多最佳導演獎已經足夠。

A best picture trophy for “The Revenant” would have made Mr. Iñárritu, whose “Birdman” was best picture last year, the first director in Oscar history to direct back-to-back winners. In fact, he was only the third, after John Ford and Joseph L. Mankiewicz, to win consecutive directing awards.

去年，伊納裏多的《鳥人》(Birdman)就獲得了最佳影片獎，如果《荒野獵人》再次獲得最佳電影獎，將會令伊納裏多成爲奧斯卡歷史上第一個蟬聯最佳影片獎的導演。事實上，他是第三個連續獲得最佳導演獎的人，前兩位是約翰·福特(John Ford)與約瑟夫·L·曼凱維奇(Joseph L. Mankiewicz)。

Ms. Larson, as was widely expected, won the best actress award, her first Oscar, for “Room.” Her performance as a mother kept captive with her young son by a sexual predator was extraordinary, in that much of it was confined to a tiny room.

拉森憑藉《房間》一片，衆望所歸地首次獲得最佳女主角獎。她在片中飾演一個與年幼的兒子被性侵者綁架的母親，主要戲份都發生在一個狹小的房間，她的演出非常精彩。

The earlier awards had gone to a scattershot group of films that was dominated by a run of six craft awards for the brutal action fable “Mad Max: Fury Road.”

更早時頒發的獎項被授予多部電影，其中殘暴的動作寓言片《瘋狂的麥克斯4：狂暴之路》(Mad Max: Fury Road)獲得六個技術獎項。

That had left only one early Oscar, for cinematography, to “The Revenant,” a supposed front-runner. Other winners included “The Danish Girl,” “The Big Short,” “Bridge of Spies,” “Ex Machina” and “Inside Out.”

在較早頒發的獎項中，《荒野獵人》只獲得一項最佳攝影獎，它被視爲該獎項的領跑者。其他獲獎影片還包括《丹麥女孩》、《大空頭》(The Big Short)、《間諜之橋》、《機械姬》(Ex Machina)和《頭腦特工隊》(Inside Out)。

Until the surprising finish, it seemed as if little attention would be paid to the movies. The limelight, at least in the early hours, was squarely on Mr. Rock and prickly questions of race in Hollywood.

直到令人驚訝的最後結尾，頒獎禮都沒有對電影表現出太多重視。至少是在一開始，衆人的目光全都集中在洛克身上，以及他對好萊塢的種族問題的辛辣提問上。

“If they nominated hosts, I wouldn’t even get the job,” Mr. Rock snapped as the show opened.

“如果他們給主持人也提名，那我就得不到這份工作了，”洛克用這樣一句話給頒獎禮開了場。

In a politically contentious year, Mr. Rock, the evening’s host, took the only safe course: He unloaded on everyone.

今年是政治上非常有爭議的一年，主持人洛克採取了安全的策略，他諷刺每一個人。

“Jada boycotting the Oscars is like me boycotting Rihanna’s panties,” Mr. Rock said, “I wasn’t invited!”

“賈達抵制奧斯卡就像我抵制跟蕾哈娜(Rihanna)上牀一樣，”洛克說，“反正我也沒接到邀請！”

It was a jab at Jada Pinkett Smith, and at those who had called for a boycott, because the Oscar acting nominees, for the second consecutive year, were all white.

他諷刺的是賈達·萍克特·史密斯(Jada Pinkett Smith)，以及其他呼籲抵制奧斯卡的人，因爲本屆奧斯卡獎所有表演獎項的提名者和去年一樣，都是白人。

In the end, Mr. Rock spent virtually the whole monologue on the subject of diversity, mostly spoofing it but occasionally adding more biting commentary, as when he quipped that the annual “In Memoriam” tribute would honor black people who were “shot by the cops on their way to the movies.”

最後，洛克就多樣化問題發表了長篇大論，主要是諷刺，偶爾也有辛辣的評論，比如他嘲諷說，年度的“紀念”獎項應該獎給那些“在看電影路上被警察開槍打死”的黑人們。

Moving on to the awards, he said, “You want diversity? We got diversity. Please welcome Emily Blunt and somebody whiter, Charlize Theron,” and the two actresses appeared to present the night’s first award, for best original screenplay.

至於奧斯卡獎，他說，“你們想要多樣化？我們有多樣化。有請艾米麗·布朗特(Emily Blunt)和更白的查理茲·塞隆(Charlize Theron)，”兩位女演員上臺後，頒發了當晚的第一個獎項：最佳原創劇本。

Thirty minutes into the show, Mr. Rock was still hitting the diversity theme, hard. He introduced a skit that had Whoopi Goldberg and others trying to edge their way into acting roles reserved for whites. Ms. Goldberg swished a mop next to Jennifer Lawrence in a scene supposedly from “Joy.” In another spoof, Jeff Daniels declined to spend $2,500 to save a stranded black astronaut, played by Mr. Rock, on Mars, in a takeoff on “The Martian.”

頒獎禮進行到第30分鐘，洛克仍然在猛烈抨擊缺乏多樣性這個問題。他推出一個諷刺小品，讓烏比·哥德堡(Whoopi Goldberg)和其他人拼命擠進那些只爲白人預留的角色中去。哥德堡站在詹妮弗·勞倫斯(Jennifer Lawrence)旁邊，甩着拖把，好像是《奮鬥的喬伊》(Joy)裏的一幕。在另一個諷刺小品裏，傑夫·丹尼爾斯(Jeff Daniels)拒絕付2500美元拯救一個由洛克飾演的滯留火星的黑人宇航員，這一幕是從《火星救援》裏來的。

Ms. Goldberg was back later to introduce a video recap of the Governors Awards, which went to Meryl Streep, Debbie Reynolds, and Spike Lee. “It’s easier to be president of the United States as a black person than be head of a studio,” Mr. Lee had said then. Cheryl Boone Isaacs, the academy’s president, immediately followed Ms. Goldberg with a diversity lecture.

哥德堡後來介紹了一段來自理事會獎(Governors Awards)的剪輯錄像，這個獎授予了梅麗爾·斯特里普(Meryl Streep)、黛比·雷諾茲(Debbie Reynolds)和斯派克·李(Spike Lee)。“黑人要當上製片公司老大，比當美國總統還難，”李說。學院主席謝麗爾·布恩·艾薩克斯(Cheryl Boone Isaacs)緊接哥德堡之後，做了一番關於多樣化的言說。

“It’s not enough to just listen and agree,” Ms. Isaacs said. “We must take action.”

“光是聽着表示贊同還不夠，”艾薩克斯說，“我們必須採取行動。”

A question that would not be answered until Monday is whether the “In Memoriam” sequence would keep its traditional spot as a ratings high-point of the evening. Those remembered included Jerry Weintraub, Maureen O’Hara, Omar Sharif, David Bowie, Leonard Nimoy and Wes Craven.

有個問題直到星期一都未能揭曉，那就是“紀念”環節是否會和往常一樣，成爲整晚的高潮。此次紀念的人包括傑瑞·溫特勞布(Jerry Weintraub)、瑪琳·奧哈拉(Maureen O’Hara)、奧瑪·沙里夫(Omar Sharif)、大衛·鮑伊(David Bowie)、倫納德·尼莫伊(Leonard Nimoy)和韋斯·克雷文(Wes Craven)。

For the most part, they were as white as the evening’s presenters were black. At the same time, they represented the academy’s past, while Ms. Isaacs promised that new processes and rules would create a different, more inclusive future.

他們都是白人，而今晚的表演者們大都是黑人。與此同時，他們代表了奧斯卡學院的過去，正如艾薩克斯承諾的，新的流程和規則將會作出改變，帶來更加兼容幷蓄的未來。

As the evening wore on, the causes began to stack up. Vice President Joseph R. Biden added yet another when he showed to introduce Lady Gaga’s performance of “Til It Happens to You,” from “The Hunting Ground,” a documentary about campus sexual assault. “I really mean this, take the pledge,” Mr. Biden urged, as he begged attention for that issue, as Mr. McCarthy, of “Spotlight,” and Mr. McKay, of “The Big Short,” had urged attention for theirs.

當晚隨着頒獎的繼續進行，話題還在走向嚴肅。副總統約瑟夫·R·拜登(President Joseph R. Biden)也做出了貢獻，他登臺介紹Lady Gaga表演關於校園性侵的紀錄片《狩獵場》(The Hunting Ground)中的歌曲《直到這在你身上發生》(Til It Happens to You)。“我是認真的，抓住機會，”拜登請人們關注這個話題，此外《聚焦》中的麥卡錫先生與《大空頭》中的麥凱(McKay)先生也呼籲人們關注自己的影片中所提出的問題。

The original song Oscar went instead to “Writing’s on the Wall” from “Spectre.” It wasn’t a political award, but Sam Smith, one of the composers, dedicated his Oscar to the L.G.B.T. communities around the world.

奧斯卡最佳原創歌曲由《007：幽靈黨》(Spectre)中的歌曲《牆上的字跡》(Writing’s on the Wall)獲得，這並不是一個政治化的獎項，但這首歌作曲者之一的山姆·史密斯(Sam Smith)把自己的奧斯卡獎獻給全世界的L.G.B.T羣體。

Ms. Vikander’s win, as best supporting actress for “The Danish Girl,” was the night’s first acting award. Ms. Vikander, a Swede who lives in London, underscored the international quality of the nominated actors. For only the second time since the 1960s, fully half of the 20 acting nominees were not just white, but from countries that belong to the Commonwealth.

維坎德憑《丹麥女孩》中飾演的角色獲得了最佳女配角獎，這是當晚頒發的第一個表演類獎項。維坎德是居住在倫敦的瑞典人，這強調了提名演員的國際化特徵。奧斯卡獎的最佳表演獎提名中，全部獲得提名的20名演員不僅全是白人，而且有整整一半都來自英聯邦，自從60年代以來，這還是第二次。

Mr. Rylance won the best supporting actor for “Bridge of Spies.” He, too, hails from London, but played a Soviet spy — that ethnic twist was a tribute to the craft of those Commonwealth players, who spoke more about the challenges of performance than the politics of casting. “It’s a wonderful time to be an actor, thank you,” said Mr. Rylance.

裏朗斯憑《間諜之橋》中的表演獲得了最佳男配角獎。他也從倫敦做了發言，裏朗斯在片中飾演一個蘇聯間諜，擅長民族性格上的扭轉是英國演員的特徵之一，但他更熱衷談論表演上的挑戰，而不是選角政治方面的問題。他說，“這是身爲演員的好時代，謝謝。”

The best foreign language film, “Son of Saul,” a Holocaust film from Hungary. The win, widely expected, was another reminder that the movie culture is international, and the woes it examines are larger, even, than racial concerns in the United States.

最佳外語片獲得者是反映匈牙利納粹大屠殺的《索爾之子》(Son of Saul)。它的獲獎也是衆望所歸，提醒人們電影文化屬於整個世界，它所表達的哀傷甚至大於美國的種族憂患。

Six early wins for “Mad Max: Fury Road” — for costume design, production design, editing, sound editing, sound mixing and makeup and hairstyling — soon signaled that the evening would be an uphill climb for “The Revenant.” That film had been in the running for those same Oscars. But the string of wins brought tribute after tribute not for Mr. Iñárritu, but for George Miller, the seasoned filmmaker behind the brutal, kinetic “Mad Max” series.

在較早時候，《瘋狂麥克斯4：狂暴之路》獲得服裝設計、製作設計、剪輯、聲音剪輯、混音和化妝與髮型六項大獎，這表明《荒野獵人》在今晚經歷了一個先苦後甜的歷程，因爲《荒野獵人》也同時獲得了這些提名。但是這一串榮譽沒有屬於伊納裏多，而是給了殘暴、活躍的《瘋狂麥克斯》系列背後的資深電影人喬治·米勒(George Miller)。

In one of the night’s oddest moments, Pixar — through its characters Woody and Buzz Lightyear from the “Toy Story” trilogy — presented itself in a best animated feature Oscar for “Inside Out.” The film, about moody characters in a girl’s brain, was filled with colors — red, blue, yellow, green and purple — but not black.

在整晚最奇怪的一個時刻之一，皮克斯公司――通過《玩具總動員》(Toy Story)三部曲中的伍迪牛仔和巴斯光年在最佳動畫片環節爲自己公司的《頭腦總動員》頒獎。這部影片是以一個女孩頭腦中的情緒爲主人公，裏面充滿色彩——紅、藍、黃、綠、紫——但是仍然沒有黑色。

In the best documentary feature category, “Amy,” about the singer Amy Winehouse, who died of substance abuse, took the award. It was a rarity among documentaries — a popular film that drew a substantial audience at the box-office for A24, and sold well in home markets. The film had edged aside “What Happened, Miss Simone?” and “Winter on Fire: Ukraine’s Fight for Freedom,” both of which had lavish campaigns from their backer, Netflix.

最佳紀錄片《艾米》(Amy)是關於因濫用藥物去世的歌手艾米·懷恩豪斯(Amy Winehouse)的故事。它在獲得最佳紀錄片提名的影片中是個異數——它來自A24公司，頗受歡迎，票房不俗，在家庭影院市場也銷量頗高。這部影片在同《發生什麼了，西蒙妮小姐？》(What Happened, Miss Simone)和《凜冬烈火：烏克蘭爲自由而戰》(Winter on Fire: Ukraine’s Fight for Freedom)的角逐中險勝，後兩部影片都由其出品公司Netflix做過大肆宣傳。