餐桌上的"禮儀":十大全球風俗禁忌(上)

"Keep your elbows off the table." "Don't talk with your Mouth full." These are popular reprimands we've all heard while sitting around the dinner table. If you're planning on traveling abroad, minding your manners may be a bit harder than you thought. Check out this list of quirky dining taboos in other countries.

每次吃飯的時候，媽媽總會教導我們說："把胳膊拿下去"；"嘴裏吃東西的時候不要講話"。如果你正打算來一次海外旅行，或許適應那個國家的餐桌禮儀對你來說會是一個不小的挑戰。以下，小編找來一些各地令人匪夷所思的餐桌禮儀，給大家漲漲姿勢～

n Noodles Taboo

10.亞洲：吃麪別夾斷！

In Asian countries, it is known that rice and noodles are the staple of their diets. Eating a bowl of pasta seems pretty cut and dry. Pick it up and put it in your mouth. But if you're in China, chopping your noodles in half will definitely draw a few dirty looks your way. To the Chinese, long noodles represent longevity. It is customary for people to slurp up a heaping bowl of lengthy noodles on their birthday. Your mom would have a fit if she saw you with noodles wagging from your lips. Tell her not to blame you, it's Chinese tradition. In addition to watching your noodles, you better be careful of where you point your chopsticks. It's rude to aim them at another person. That we can understand, but the don't flip your fish on your plate is a little unusual. But who are we to argue with tradition? This one is mainly practiced in areas that rely on fishing. Apparently, flipping your fish over is symbolic of capsizing the boat.

很多亞洲國家都以大米和白麪作爲主食。對我們而言，吃一盤意大利麪很隨意，只消用叉子挑起麪條放到嘴裏就好了，沒什麼講究可言。但若身在中國，你要是用筷子把麪條夾斷吃，那就不免遭到別人嫌棄的目光。因爲對中國人而言，長長的麪條寓意着長壽。中國民間歷來有生日吃長壽麪的習俗，呼嚕呼嚕，一次一根，一根一碗。要是媽媽看到你嘴裏晃盪着半根麪條而大發雷霆，你就告訴她這是中國的風俗，怪不得你。除了吃麪條有講究，還得注意自己筷子的朝向，因爲把筷子衝着別人放是很不禮貌的。筷子的問題我們能接受，但是吃魚不能翻魚身就令人有點摸不着頭腦了。不過既然是風俗習慣，我們怎敢不從？原來，這個講究源自一些以捕魚爲生的沿海地區，很顯然，這是因爲翻魚含有翻船的寓意。

Neighboring Japan also has its fair share of intriguing dinner table taboos. They too are particular about their chopstick placement. In both countries, it's frowned upon when you poke your sticks straight up in a bowl of rice. It's a practice that is reserved for funeral services and a sign of disrespect for the dead when done any other time. If you're out in a restaurant, the owner will take offense. This is a sign of you cursing his business. Better watch out for the steaming hibachi.

作爲中國的鄰國，日本也有很多有趣的餐桌禁忌。他們同樣也很注重筷子的擺放，在這兩個國家，如果你把筷子插在碗裏，小心別人給你白眼。因爲只有在葬禮的宴席上，人們纔會把筷子插到碗裏，而其他時候，這種行爲會被視作是對逝者的不尊重。要是去餐館吃飯的時候這樣做，餐廳老闆會很生氣，覺得這是在紅果果地詛咒他的生意。所以你最好留點神，小心老闆削你～

Guinea Menstrual

9.新幾內亞：經期要忌口！

As if "that time of the month" isn't already filled with an overflow of emotions, women in New Guinea must take care not to violate traditional taboo. According to their customs, women on their cycle are viewed as being ill. To heal themselves, they aren't allowed to eat fresh meat, red fruit, or juicy bananas. On top of everything else, they have to watch their step as well. Anyone who eats food prepared by a menstruating women, or a meal she's stepped over is believed to be destined for a horrible cough. The usual victim is the woman's husband, some even believe this illness could lead to his death. In Papua, New Guinea, the Wogeo only believe blood is dirty when it comes from a woman's menstrual cycle. In fact, they even say that those who come in contact with this blood are likely to die. As with the majority of ancient customs and taboos, no one really knows when or why they started. They've been taught what they've been taught and dare not question tradition.

對於新幾內亞的女人而言，大姨媽到訪的日子本來就夠煩躁了，可是還得留心不要違反傳統禁忌，真是身心雙重煎熬啊。當地風俗認爲女人來例假是一種病，要想治好病，魚、肉、紅色的水果和美味的香蕉等在經期都得忌口。最離譜的是，她們走路還得時刻當心，不能涉足任何食材範圍。當地人認爲但凡是吃了處於經期的女人做的飯，或者吃了她們接觸過的食材，就會害上一種病，不停咳嗽。當然，這段時間裏最苦的還要數她們的丈夫，因爲有些人認爲女人來事期間可能會誘發其夫患病身亡。在巴布亞新幾內亞，人們認爲經期女人身上的血是骯髒的。更有甚者認爲，只要接觸到經血，便會立馬見閻王。像大多數風俗和禁忌一樣，沒人知道這些忌諱是何時何地因何而起，一代又一代的人只是複述着老一輩人傳授給他們的這些習俗，沒人敢問爲什麼。

't Go Dutch

8.法俄：千萬別AA！

In America, some men would jump for joy if a woman offered to pay for her half of the date. Well in France and Russia, the "independent woman" mentality is not welcome. When picking up the tab, it's all or nothing over there. Only an uncivilized person would only pay for half the bill. In fact, most women won't even bring their wallets on a date. Just a not-so-subtle reminder that she's not paying for a thing.

在美國，如果約會的時候女生願意跟男生AA制，男生估計會高興得一蹦三尺高。但若是在法國和俄羅斯，這種有"獨立意識"的女性可就不受歡迎了。當地人認爲埋單付一半錢是很不禮貌的，所以在付賬的時候，你要麼自己全付，要麼就讓別人全付。事實上，大多數女生在約會的時候都不帶錢包，從這點就能看出她們不打算付一分錢。

Since we're on the topic, it's also expected to dress for the occasion. Jeans and a tee are never ok. In Russia, it's viewed as an honor to get acquainted with someone new. When getting ready for your date, it's preferred to dress you were invited to eat at someone's home, it's extremely rude to show up empty-handed. When you're first greeted, it's also taboo to shake hands through a doorway. Also, don't ask for a to-go box or doggy bag. In America, we see it as a sign that we loved our meal and want to take it home. In France, it's the exact opposite. There is a bunch of differences we accept over here but people across the water may not share our sentiments. Something as simple as using the wrong hand gesture is social suicide. Your trip will be much more pleasant if you study the taboos before you travel.

既然說到了約會，那我們一定要聊聊約會的着裝問題。切記，約會的時候別隨隨便便圖省事穿個仔褲和T恤就出門。俄羅斯人把初次見面看得很神聖，所以如果要跟新朋友約會的話，最好穿得正式得體些。還有，如果別人邀請你去他家做客，別空着手去，因爲這也是很不禮貌的。如果是初次見面，在門口握手也是不允許的。還有，飯後最好也別問主家要外賣盒或者打包袋。要是在美國，把飯菜打包回家表明你很喜歡這個菜，可如果是在法國，意味則恰恰相反。所以，由於地方差異，別國的人可能會常常會錯我們的意，甚至一個錯誤的手勢也可能造成巨大誤會。如果動身之前能好好研讀一下對方國家的一些禁忌，那麼相信大家的旅途會更加順利和愉快。

ians Are Sensitive About Their Cheese

7.意大利：別輕易要芝士！

Our Italian dining experience is normally tailored around ordering lasagna from Olive Garden. On the contrary, an authentic experience in Italy will vary quite a bit. First thing to remember, don't insult the chef by asking for more cheese. Instead, you might get a swift whopping by an old loaf of garlic bread. Seafood in Italy isn't meant to have cheese on it. If you ask nicely, the chef might oblige but most of the time, you'll just get a dirty look.

提到吃意餐的經歷，大家好像一般也就是到橄欖花園點一份經典的烤寬麪條。然而，如果真到了意大利，你可能會大跌眼鏡。首先要切記，除非餐廳提供額外的芝士，否則千萬別問大廚要，要不大廚會覺得你在蔑視他的廚藝。不過，你可以"曲線救國"，點一長條奶香濃郁的蒜蓉麪包，因爲麪包一般都會配有芝士。與美國人飲食不同，意大利人吃海鮮一般不加芝士。如果你問得恰當的話，或許有的大廚不會介意，不過大多時候他們都會很生氣，小心大廚"小胖附體"，用惡狠狠的眼神秒殺你！

Also, Italians take their meal definitions seriously. Breakfast food is for breakfast. Lunch is for lunch, and so on. Ordering a cappuccino after breakfast is not cool. More milk than what's in a macchiato's after mid day will give the locals permission to tell you about yourself. You don't need to speak Italian. They'll make it perfectly clear that you've crossed the line. When you're offered food, proper etiquette says you should always decline the first time. After they insist again, you humbly accept and merrily enjoy the cuisine.

此外，意大利人對吃飯比較講究。早飯就是早飯，午飯就是午飯，不能隨便吃。你要是早飯後喝一杯卡布奇諾，那可就不合適了。還有，如果別人知道你午後喝了比黑糖瑪奇朵裏多一丁丁的牛奶，那即使你說着一口流利的意大利語，他們也能判斷出你非當地人的身份，因爲當地人肯定不會這樣做，他們都覺得午後喝牛奶不利於消化。再來，如果別人邀請你一同進餐，得體的做法是先委婉拒絕，然後等對方再三堅持邀請，你再謙虛地接受，愉快地共餐。

y Tanzania

6.坦桑尼亞：我遲到我驕傲！

This dining taboo is one we can get used to. Americans pride themselves on arriving promptly on time (well, most of them), but in Tanzania it is considered rude to show up to an invitation early. Out of respect, invited guest should always wait 15-20 minutes after the affair's commencement to make an appearance. If you're looking for something to wear, loose-fitting clothing is always appropriate. Most meals are enjoyed while sitting on the floor.

這個風俗大家似乎比較樂意接受。美國人一直都以嚴謹的時間觀念而自豪（啊哦～大多時候還是比較準時的～），但是在坦桑尼亞，人們卻認爲提前到場是很無禮的。出於尊重，應邀的客人總要在活動開始後的15-20分鐘之後，才稀稀拉拉地出場。至於衣着的話，穿的寬鬆些永遠不會錯。大多時候，大家都是齊坐一地享用美食。

Also, Tanzanian men and women don't eat together. In fact, taboo prevents men from entering the kitchen at all. That's a card we know a bunch of American men wish they could pull. "Honey, I would help with the dishes but I'm forbidden from coming in the kitchen." A bowl of water and towel will be passed around for you to clean your hands. This as well as the ugali, or communal bowl for the meal, must all be passed only with the right.

還有，在坦桑尼亞，男女不可一同用餐。事實上，男性甚至是不允許進廚房的。美國男人多希望本國也有這樣的禁忌啊，（一臉無辜的便宜相）"親愛的，我特想幫你做飯洗碗，可惜……我不能進廚房。"在坦桑尼亞，主人在飯前會端上一大碗水和一條毛巾，讓大家輪流洗手。吃烏加里的時候也有一個類似的公共碗，碗中盛有烏加里，食客輪流手抓食用，記住傳碗的時候只能用右手。

翻譯：毛志遙 來源：前十網