關於機械的英語文章學習
由於旋轉機械結構複雜，故障特徵及原因普遍存在模糊性和複雜性，對其實施故障診斷比較困難。下面小編整理了關於機械的英語文章，希望大家喜歡!
Features of CNC control
CNC的控制特點
In previous the important features and functions of the machine control unit in numerical control were described.
在前面對數控機牀控制單元的重要特徵和功能進行了描述。
CNC has made possible additional features beyond what is normally found in a conventional hard-wired MCU. Some of these features include the following:
數控已經超出了通常在傳統的硬連線的單片機中可能發現的附加功能。其中一些功能包括以下內容?
1) Storage of more than one part program.
存儲多個零件程序
With improvements in computer technology, many of the newer CNC controllers have a large enough capacity to store more than a single program.
隨着計算機技術的改進,許多新的CNC控制器有一個足夠大的容量來存儲大於一個單一的程序。
This translates into the capability to store either one very large program or several small and medium-sized programs.
這能力意味着存儲成功其中一個非常大的程序或幾個小型和中型項目。
2) Use of diskettes.
使用軟盤
There is a growing use of floppy disks for part programs in manufacturing. The capacity of an 8-in.
有越來越多的軟盤製造業中的部分程序使用8合一的能力。
Diskette is the approximate equivalent of 8,000 ft of punched tape. Because of this more modern storage technology, many CNC controllers have the optional capability to read in programs stored on disks as well as punched tape.
軟盤是大致相當於8000英尺紙帶。因爲這更現代的存儲技術,許多CNC控制器可選的閱讀能力在磁盤上以及紙帶存儲方案。
3) Program editing at the machine tool site.機牀網站編輯計劃 To deal with the mistakes in part programming, CNC systems permit the program to be edited while it is in computer memory.
爲了解決部分編程的錯誤,數控系統允許程序編輯,而它是在計算機內存中。
Hence, the process of testing and correcting the program can be done entirely at the machine site rather than returning to the programming office in the shop to make the tape corrections.
因此,完全可以在機器網站中測試和糾正計劃的過程,而不是去店裏的編程辦公室進行磁帶更正
In addition to part program corrections, editing can also be done to optimize the cutting conditions of the machining cycle.
除了部分程序更正,編輯也可以進行對切削條件下加工週期的優化。
After correcting and optimizing the program, a tape punch can be connected to the CNC controller in order to obtain a revised version of the tape for future use.
糾正和優化方案後,紙帶穿孔機可以連接到CNC控制器,以獲得供將來使用的磁帶的修訂版本。
關於機械的英語文章鑑賞Fixed cycles and programming subroutines.
固定週期和編程子程序
The increased memory capacity and the ability to program the control computer in CNCprovides the opportunity to store frequently use machining cycles in memory that can be calledby the part program Instead of writing the instructions for the particular cycle into everyprogram, a code is written into the program to indicate that the cycle should be execute.
增加內存容量和能力,在數控編程控制計算機提供了機會來存儲經常使用在記錄中的加工,而是寫入到特定週期的指令,每一個程序的一部分程序,可以稱爲週期,寫入代碼到程序表明週期應當執行。
Some of these cycles require the definition of certain parameters in order to execute.
這些週期需要通過某些參數的定義來執行。
An example is a bolt hole circle, in which the diameter of the bolt circle, the spacing of thebolt holes, and other parameters must be specified. In other cases, the particular machiningcycle used by the shop would not require parameter definition.
例如螺栓孔圓形,螺栓圈的直徑,其中必須指定螺栓孔和其他參數的間距。在其他情況下,特別是加工店使用的週期並不需要參數的定義。
Interpolation.
插值
Some of the interpolation schemes are normally executed only on a CNC system because ofthe computational requirements.
一些插值計劃通常僅由於數控系統計算的要求而執行。
Linear and circular interpolation are often hard-wired into the control unit.
直線和圓弧插補往往很難連接到控制單元。
Helical, parabolic, and cubic interpolations are usually executed in a stored program algorithm.
螺旋線,拋物線,立方插值通常作爲存儲程序的算法。
Positioning features for setup.
定位功能設置
Setting up the machine tool for a certain job involves installing and aligning the fixture on themachine tool table.
機牀設定了一定量的工作,包括安裝和對準夾具在機牀的工作臺上。
This must be accomplished so that the machine axes are aligned with the workpart.
這必須完成使機器軸與工件對齊。
The alignment task can be facilitated using certain features that are made possible by softwareoptions in a CNC system.
使用某些功能,可能是數控系統軟件的選項,可以促進對齊任務的完成
Position set is one of these features. With position set, the operator is not required to positionthe fixture on the machine table with extreme accuracy.
位置設置是這些功能之一,通過位置設置,操作者並不需要極高的精度與定位夾具上的機械錶格。
Instead, the machine tool axes are referenced to the location of the fixture by using a targetpoint or set of target points on the work or fixture.
相反,機牀軸可通過目標點或工作和夾具上的目標點來參考夾具的位置。
關於機械的英語文章賞析Cutter length compensation.
刀具長度補償
This is similar to the preceding feature but applies to tool length and diameter.
這是類似上述的功能，但適用於刀具長度和直徑。
In older-style controls, the cutter dimensions had to be set very precisely in order to agree withthe tool path defined in the part program.
在老式的控制中，刀具尺寸設置非常精確，以完成在零件程序中刀具路徑的定義。
Other methods for ensuring accurate tool path definition have been incorporated into newerCNC controls. One method involves manually entering the actual tool dimensions into the MCU.
確保刀具路徑定義的其他方法已納入新的數控系統。其中一種方法涉及到手動輸入刀具的實際尺寸到MCU中。
These actual dimensions may differ from those originally programmed.
最初的編程時這些實際尺寸可能會有所不同。
Compensations are then automatically made in the computed tool path.
通過補償，然後自動計算刀具路徑。
Another more recent innovation is to use a tool length sensor built into the machine. In thismethod, the cutter is mounted in the spindle and brought into contact with the sensor tomeasure its length.
另一個更加新近的創新是使用機器內置的刀具長度傳感器。在此方法中，刀具安裝在主軸和傳感器之間來測量其長度。
This measured value is then used to correct the programmed tool path.
然後用此測量值糾正編程路徑。
Diagnostics.
診斷
Many modern CNC machines possess an no-line diagnostics capability which monitors certainaspects of the machine tool and MCU operation to detect malfunctions or signs of impendingmalfunctions.
許多現代的數控機牀具有無線診斷監控機牀某些方面的能力和通過MCU操作檢測到故障或即將發生故障的跡象。
When a malfunction is detected, or measurements indicate that a breakdown is about to occur,a message is displayed on the controller’s CRT monitor. Depending on the seriousness of themalfunction, the system can be stopped or maintenance can be scheduled for a nonproductionshift.
當檢測到故障，或測量表明即將發生故障時，控制器的CRT顯示器上會顯示一條消息。根據故障的嚴重性，該系統可以停止或維修，可定爲非生產性轉移。
Another use of the diagnostics capability is to help the repair crew determine the reason fora break down of the machine tool.
診斷能力的另一個用途是幫助維修人員確定機牀出問題的原因。
One of the biggest problems when a machine failure occurs is often in diagnosing the reason forthe breakdown.
一臺機器發生故障時最大的難題經常就是如何診斷故障原因。
By monitoring and analyzing its own operation, the system can determine and communicatethe reason for the failure.
系統可以通過自身的運行的監測和分析，判斷和通報失敗的原因。
Communications interface.
通訊接口
With the trend toward interfacing and networking in plants today, most modern CNCcontrollers are equipped with a standard communication interface to allow the particularmachine tool to be linked to other computers and computer-driven devices.
在現時，樹狀網絡中的網絡接口和走向與趨勢，最先進的CNC控制器配備了一個標準的通信接口，以允許特定的機牀被其他計算機和計算機驅動裝置。
