雅思閱讀總是看不懂如何提高
雅思閱讀讀不懂，無非是單詞讀不懂和句子讀不懂。下面小編就給大家分享一下雅思閱讀總是看不懂如何提高，希望對大家有所幫助!
雅思閱讀總是看不懂如何提高
【關於雅思閱讀的單詞】
作爲一項語言能力考試，很多烤鴨剛剛接觸到雅思越的時候，普遍的感受是： 不適應。
好多背過的單詞意思在句子裏面行不通， 那麼雅思閱讀的詞彙的“ 廬山真面目”體現在什麼地方呢
一、 要有詞性之間的轉折意識
例1：
In recent months these questions have become more frequent as former and current ministers, governors,high officials and an American investorhave ended up in Moscow’s high-security
Lefortovo jail
例2：
Disney’s dominance of the box office will count for less as fewer people frequent cinemas
在例1 中很容易讀出來 frequent 就是adj 頻繁的;經常的;
但是在例2 中frequent 搖身一變，成了動詞， “ 經常觀光”的意思。
二、 要有積累熟詞僻義的意識
例1：
Why and how these people spread out into central and southern Africa remains a mystery, but archaeologists believe that their iron weapons allowed them to conquer their hunting-gathering opponents, who still used stone implements.
在本例中，詞彙量稍微大一點的烤鴨，就背過implement v 貫徹;執行; 但是帶入句子中意思並不能理解。
那這個情況下就要有主動學習的意識， 根據句子本身，發現implement 在這裏做名詞用， 查一下便可發現：
implement : a tool, especially one used for outdoor physical work. 尤指用於戶外體力活的〕工具，用具，器具 。
所以如果在平時練習或者考試中遇到agricultural implements 這個表達，便可以心領神會的讀出來，這是“農業工具”的意思。
例2：
Apprentices were considered part of the family, and masters were responsible not only for teaching their apprentices a trade but also for providing them some education and for supervising their moral behavior
在本例中，烤鴨讀到a trade 的時候，便可發現， trade 在這裏必然不是 n. 貿易的意思， 根據上面所談的主動學習的意識。
查詞典便可發現 trade : particular job, especially one needing special skill with your hands n.手藝 。
所以當讀到 Borison’s father is a teacher by trade 的時候， 便可以沒有阻礙的看出， 這句話說的是Borison的父親的職業是老師。
三、要有詞義之間的聯想意識
例1：
Individual users were in his mind, too, when companies came to him for smart solutions. He liked to work alongside their employees for a while, so that he could tailor an app exactly to their routines
本句話中烤鴨們對於tailor 這個詞應該算是熟悉的， 表示n .裁縫， 但是在句子例, tailor很明顯，做的是動詞， 那麼談及的要有詞義之間的聯想意識指的是什麼? 裁縫什麼畫面? 量體裁衣!
所以tailor 做動詞 可以表示 給--量身定製;給--專門設計; 當讀到這樣的句子：the director tailor the part for her .就可以讀懂這句話的意思是 導演給她量身定製了這個角色。
【關於雅思閱讀中的句子】
很多烤鴨對於雅思閱讀中的句子也依然感到很困惑，感覺很多時候讀不懂或者需要讀幾遍才能看懂，那麼雅思閱讀的句子應該怎麼去處理應對呢?
一、要有抓句子主幹的意識，主謂先相接。
例：Indeed, the purple color extracted from a snail was once so costly that in society at the time only the rich could afford it
本句話中主語是the purple color, 在讀的時候, extracted from a snail 是修飾， 做後置定語，在讀的時候很顯然是可以略過的， 讓主語the purple color 和was so costly 先相接。
二、要有句式預判的意識
很多句子是靠固定搭配支撐的， 因此在讀的時候， 要把句子的固定搭配先提煉出來，比如讀到distinguish 的時候， 要提醒自己後面基本上給出distinguish a from b ， 讀到replace 的時候，提醒自己後面基本上給出replace a with b .
例：
They identified as drivers of this problem our dependency on fossil fuels and unsupportive government policies.
這句話對於很多烤鴨而言，可能是相比之下可能第一感覺很懵， 原因很簡單，這句話出現了語言能力考試裏面的長難句中的“賓語後置”. 那麼其實讀懂這句話需要什麼支撐呢 ?
句式預判的意識! 讀到identify 的時候， 要提醒自己，後面的結構是identify a as b ,
所以這句話的正常語序是: they identified our dependency on fossil fuels and unsupportive government polices as drivers of this problem .
三、 要有識別固定搭配的意識
Moderating content on the internet has so far been a losing game of whack-a-mole.
This was brought home by the Christchurch massacre in New Zealand in March,
when a video of the shooting and a manifesto written by the alleged culprit spread
rapidly on some of the world’s best-resourced social-media platforms despite efforts to prevent their dissemination.
這句話中的this was brought home 很明顯，幾乎和“ 帶回家”的意思不沾邊， 所以基本上可以斷定的是這應該是屬於一個固定搭配。 查詞典可以發現：
bring sth home to sb/come home to sb ：to make you realize how serious, difficult, or dangerous something is 使某人充分意識到某事〔的嚴重性、難度或危險性〕
關於雅思閱讀的段落 ：
雅思閱讀相比之下，對於段落的考察要求比較低， 但是因爲小標題題這種題型的存在， 烤鴨們在備考的時候， 也要提高自己對於讀段落整體速度的能力。
例：
Second, litigation may no longer be quite the deterrent it once was. Criminal cases leading to jail terms for top executives are as rare as socialists at Goldman Sachs. And civil law has lost its bite. America has long used class-action (集體起訴)suits to punish firms and compensate consumers. Tort costs(侵權成本) born by firms are equivalent to about 2% of GDP a year, higher than in other countries.
(這塊本質而言都是讓步用的， 是在陳述的是litigation 的deterrent的性質，在讀的時候就應該提醒自己，這塊並非是陳述的重點).
Nonetheless(讀的時候的重點出現 開始轉折，論述litigation 的not deterrent it was once), life has got easier for firms. Arbitration clauses, in which customers and staff forfeit the right to pursue class actions, have become more common. Firms are more likely to extend cases to appeal, which can take up to a decade. One veteran class-action lawyer says that financial penalties have shrunk relative to the value of many firms, which in turn have risen as a result of a takeover wave. She complains that for the top 50 firms, the threat of a multi-billion-dollar legal settlement “doesn’t move the needle any more”
備註： 在讀for the top 50 firms 這句話的時候 需要注意的時， 這塊話之前之內都沒有轉折， 說明這句話和前面的句子本質而言都是方向一致的。
所以move the needle 這個表述即使看不懂也沒有關係，反正論述的點都是在說明litigation may no longer be quite the deterrent it once was.
順便說一下move the needle 是英文裏面的俚語， 表示 帶來改變/ 產生變化的意思 。
雅思閱讀材料大集合：敏感人羣的16個習慣
Do you feel like you reflect on things more than everyone else? Do you find yourself worrying about how other people feel? Do you prefer quieter, less chaotic environments?
你是否覺得自己看待事物比其他人想得多?你是否發現自己總在擔心其他人的感受?你是不是更喜歡安靜一些，少些嘈雜的環境?
If the above sound true to you, you may be highly sensitive. The personality trait -- which was first researched by Elaine N. Aron, Ph.D., in the early 1990s -- is relatively common, with as many as one in five people possessing it. Aron, who has written multiple studies and books on high sensitivity, including The Highly Sensitive Person, also developed a self-test (which you can take here) to help you determine if you are highly sensitive.
如果以上描述對你適用，那麼你很可能屬於高敏感人羣。這種個性特徵是相對普遍的，每五個人中就有一人屬於此類。伊萊恩·阿隆博士在20世紀九十年代早期首次對此進行了研究，她寫過數篇研究報告和數本相關圖書，其中包括《高度敏感的人》。她同時也開發了一個自我測試來幫助你決定自己是不是高度敏感(你可以跟着這篇文章進行測試)。
While recent interest in introversion -- driven largely by high-profile publications on the subject, including Susan Cain's book "Quiet," -- has brought more awareness to personality traits that value less stimulation and higher sensitivity, Aron notes that highly sensitive people still tend to be considered the "minority."
近期，包括蘇珊·凱因的《安靜》在內的諸多內向主題出版物高調發表，引起了大衆對此的極大興趣，人們更加註意到喜歡少些刺激和有着更高敏感度的個性特徵。阿隆博士提到，高敏感人羣現在仍被認爲是“少數”。
But "minority" doesn't mean bad -- in fact, being highly sensitive carries a multitude of positive characteristics. Read on for some of the commonalities shared by highly sensitive people.
但“少數”並不意味着不好——實際上，高度敏感的人有一系列積極正面的個性特徵。跟着本文一起看看高敏感度人羣的一些常見的個性特徵吧。
1. They feel more deeply.
1. 他們的感受更加深刻。
One of the hallmark characteristics of highly sensitive people is the ability to feel more deeply than their less-sensitive peers. "They like to process things on a deep level," Ted Zeff, Ph.D., author of The Highly Sensitive Person's Survival Guide and other books on highly sensitive people, tells HuffPost. "They're very intuitive, and go very deep inside to try to figure things out."
高敏感度人羣的特徵標誌之一就是他們比低敏感的的同伴有着更深刻的感受。“他們喜歡在深層面掌握事物，”曾編寫《高敏感度人羣的生存指南》以及其他相關書籍的特德·澤夫博士對《赫芬頓郵報》說道：“他們有敏銳的直覺，會深刻思考尋找問題的答案。”
2. They're more emotionally reactive.
2. 他們的情感反應更豐富。
People who are highly sensitive will react more in a situation. For instance, they will have more empathy and feel more concern for a friend's problems, according to Aron. They may also have more concern about how another person may be reacting in the face of a negative event.
高敏感度的人對於一個情景會做出更多反應。比如，根據阿隆博士的說法，他們更會站在他人的角度考慮，對朋友遇到的難題也更有同感。他們也許會更加顧慮到其他人遇到不好的事情會怎樣反應。
3. They're probably used to hearing, "Don't take things so personally" and "Why are you so sensitive?"
3. 他們很可能已經習慣聽到“別往心裏去“和”爲什麼你這麼敏感?“之類的話。
Depending on the culture, sensitivity can be perceived as an asset or a negative trait, Zeff explains. In some of his own research, Zeff says that highly sensitive men he interviewed from other countries -- such as Thailand and India -- were rarely or never teased, while highly sensitive men he interviewed from North America were frequently or always teased. "So a lot of it is very cultural -- the same person who is told, 'Oh, you're too sensitive,' in certain cultures, it's considered an asset," he says.
澤夫博士解釋道，文化決定敏感可以被視作一筆財富或者一種負面特質。澤夫博士在研究中採訪過來自其他國家的高敏感人羣，比如泰國和印度的高敏感的人很少或者幾乎沒被別人取笑過，而北美的高敏感人羣經常被作爲取笑的對象。“所以，這很大程度上都和文化有關——在某些國家，同樣一個人被別人說成‘你太敏感了!’，而在有些國家，這被視爲一種個人財富，”他如此總結道。
4. They prefer to exercise solo. ??
4. 他們更喜歡獨自鍛鍊。
Highly sensitive people may tend to avoid team sports, where there's a sense that everyone is watching their every move, Zeff says. In his research, the majority of highly sensitive people he interviewed preferred individual sports, like bicycling, running and hiking, to group sports. However, this is not a blanket rule -- there are some highly sensitive people who may have had parents who provided an understanding and supportive environment that would make it easier for them to participate in group sports, Zeff says.
澤夫博士介紹說，高敏感的人可能傾向於避開團隊運動，因爲他們會覺得每個人都在看着他的一舉一動。在他的研究中，他採訪的大部分高敏感的人更喜歡個人運動，比如騎自行車，跑步或者徒步旅行。然而，這並不適用於所有高敏感人羣——由於家人提供了理解和支持的成長環境，有些高敏感的人可能更容易參與羣體運動。
5. It takes longer for them to make decisions.
5. 他們做決定需要更長時間。
Highly sensitive people are more aware of subtleties and details that could make decisions harder to make, Aron says. Even if there is no "right" or "wrong" decision -- for example, it's impossible to choose a "wrong" flavor of ice cream -- highly sensitive people will still tend to take longer to choose because they are weighing every possible outcome. Aron's advice for dealing with this: "Take as long to decide as the situation permits, and ask for more time if you need it and can take it," she writes in a recent issue of her Comfort Zone newsletter. "During this time, try pretending for a minute, hour, day, or even week that you have made up your mind a certain way. How does that feel? Often, on the other side of a decision things look different, and this gives you a chance to imagine more vividly that you are already there." One exception: Once a highly sensitive person has come to the conclusion of what is the right decision to make and what is the wrong decision to make in a certain situation, he or she will be quick to make that "right" decision again in the future.
高敏感的人更能意識到那些讓做決定變得困難的細節，阿隆講道。即使沒有“對”或者“錯”的選擇，比如，不可能會選到有“錯誤”口味的冰激凌，但高敏感的人仍會考慮更久，因爲他們想要衡量每個可能的結果。對此，阿隆給出以下建議：“情況允許的情況下，能考慮多久就考慮多久，如果你需要並且可以得到，爭取更多時間。”她在她的最近一期《舒適區》的通訊中寫道，“在這段時間， 一分鐘，一小時，一天，甚至一星期，試着假裝你是以某種特定的方式做出決定的。這是什麼感覺?一個選擇的相對面通常看起來非常不同，這樣做給你盡情想象做了另外一個選擇的機會。”例外：一個高敏感的人一旦得出正確和錯誤選擇的結論，以後在需要做出“正確”選擇的時候他或者她會很快做出選擇。
6. And on that note, they are more upset if they make a "bad" or "wrong" decision.
6. 基於以上，他們會爲自己做出的“不好的”或者“錯誤的”選擇感到更加沮喪。
You know that uncomfortable feeling you get after you realize you've made a bad decision? For highly sensitive people, "that emotion is amplified because the emotional reactivity is higher," Aron explains.
你知道當你意識到自己做了不好的選擇時那種不舒服的感覺吧?對於高敏感的人，“這種情感會被放大，因爲他們情感上的反應更加靈敏，”阿隆解釋道。
7. They're extremely detail-oriented. ??
7. 他們極度注意細節。
Highly sensitive people are the first ones to notice the details in a room, the new shoes that you're wearing, or a change in weather.
高敏感的人們是會第一個注意到一個房間的細節，你穿的新鞋子，或者天氣的變化。
8. Not all highly sensitive people are introverts.
8. 並不是所有高敏感的人都是內向個性。
In fact, about 30 percent of highly sensitive people are extroverts, according to Aron. She explains that many times, highly sensitive people who are also extroverts grew up in a close-knit community -- whether it be a cul-de-sac, small town, or with a parent who worked as a minister or rabbi -- and thus would interact with a lot of people.
實際上，根據阿隆的說法，大約30%的高敏感的人是外向個性。她解釋說很多時候外向性格的高敏感人羣都是在鄰里關係密切的社區長大—無論是小巷子，小鎮子，或者父母之一是牧師或者法師，因此他們會和很多其他人互動。
9. They work well in team environments.
9. 他們在團隊中的工作做得很棒。
Highly sensitive people are such deep thinkers, they make valuable workers and members of teams, Aron says. However, they may be well-suited for positions in teams where they don't have to make the final decision. For instance, if a highly sensitive person was part of a medical team, he or she would be valuable in analyzing the pros and cons of a patient having surgery, while someone else would ultimately make the decision about whether that patient would receive the surgery.
阿隆說道，因爲高敏感的人是深度思考者，他們會成爲很有價值的員工和團隊成員。然而，他們可能很適合被安排到團隊中不需要做最終決定的位置。比如，如果一個高敏感的人是一個醫療團隊的一員，他或她會在分析給病人做手術的好處和壞處時充分體現價值，而另外一個人會最終決定到底要不要給病人做手術。
10. They're more prone to anxiety or depression (but only if they've had a lot of past negative experiences).
10. 他們會更容易焦慮或者壓抑(只是在他們過去有很多負面經歷的情況下)。
"If you've had a fair number of bad experiences, especially early in life, so you don't feel safe in the world or you don't feel secure at home or ... at school, your nervous system is set to 'anxious,'" Aron says. But that's not to say that all highly sensitive people will go on to have anxiety -- and in fact, having a supportive environment can go a long way to protecting against this. Parents of highly sensitive children, in particular, need to "realize these are really great kids, but they need to be handled in the right way," Aron says. "You can't over-protect them, but you can't under-protect them, either. You have to titrate that just right when they're young so they can feel confident and they can do fine."
“如果你有過相當多的負面經歷，尤其是在人生早期的時候，你會覺得這個世界不安全或者你在家也沒有安全感，或者…在學校也沒有，你的神經系統已經被設定爲‘焦慮’模式，”阿隆講道。但這並不是說所有的高敏感度人都會繼續焦慮下去——實際上，一個充滿他人支持的環境可以很長久地保護他們遠離焦慮。尤其是高敏感的孩子的父母，需要“意識到這些孩子非常棒，只是需要以正確的方式教育，”阿隆講道。“你不能過度保護，但你也不能保護不足。你必須在他們小的時候就小心地掌握好保護的程度，這樣他們會感到自信而且可以做得很好。”
11. That annoying sound is probably significantly more annoying to a highly sensitive person.
11. 噪音對於高敏感的人來講可能更加惱人。
While it's hard to say anyone is a fan of annoying noises, highly sensitive people are on a whole more, well, sensitive to chaos and noise. That's because they tend to be more easily overwhelmed and overstimulated by too much activity, Aron says.
阿隆說，任何人都不喜歡噪音，總體來講，高敏感的人更是這樣，他們對嘈雜和噪聲更加敏感。那是因爲他們很容易被太多的活動壓垮和過度刺激。
12. Violent movies are the worst.
12. 暴力電影最糟糕。
Because highly sensitive people are so high in empathy and more easily overstimulated, movies with violence or horror themes may not be their cup of tea, Aron says.
因爲高敏感的人很容易有共鳴和被過度刺激，有暴力或者恐怖主題的電影可能不適合他們。
13. They cry more easily.
13. 他們更容易哭。
That's why it's important for highly sensitive people to put themselves in situations where they won't be made to feel embarrassed or "wrong" for crying easily, Zeff says. If their friends and family realize that that's just how they are -- that they cry easily -- and support that form of expression, then "crying easily" will not be seen as something shameful.
澤夫說，這就是爲什麼對於高敏感的人來講，讓自己置身於哭不會產生尷尬或者讓人感覺做錯了的情況非常重要。如果他們的朋友和家人意識到哭是他們本會有的表現，並且支持這種表達，那麼“很容易哭”就不會被認爲是種恥辱。
14. They have above-average manners.
14. 他們在禮儀方面比一般人做得更好。
Highly sensitive people are also highly conscientious people, Aron says. Because of this, they're more likely to be considerate and exhibit good manners -- and are also more likely to notice when someone else isn't being conscientious. For instance, highly sensitive people may be more aware of where their cart is at the grocery store -- not because they're afraid someone will steal something out of it, but because they don't want to be rude and have their cart blocking another person's way.
阿隆介紹說，高敏感的人們是非常小心謹慎的。因此他們更傾向於爲他人着想和表現更好的禮儀——也更容易發現其他人的不謹慎。比如，高敏感的人在購物時可能更會注意到他們的購物車在哪兒——不是因爲怕別人偷東西，而是因爲他們不想不禮貌地讓自己的購物車擋了別人的路。
15. The effects of criticism are especially amplified in highly sensitive people.
15. 批評的影響尤其會在高敏感的人這裏被放大。
Highly sensitive people have reactions to criticism that are more intense than less sensitive people. As a result, they may employ certain tactics to avoid said criticism, including people-pleasing (so that there is no longer anything to criticize), criticizing themselves first, and avoiding the source of the criticism altogether, according to Aron."People can say something negative, [and] a non-HSP [highly sensitive person] can say, 'Whatever,' and it doesn't affect them," Zeff says. "But a HSP would feel it much more deeply."
高敏感的人相比低敏感的人對批評有更強烈的反應。因此，他們會發展特定的策略去避免批評，包括迎合他們(這樣就再也沒什麼可批評的了)，先自我批評，同時避免各種批評一起席捲而來，阿隆這樣講道。 “人們可以講負面的東西，一個低敏感的人可以說，‘隨便吧!’而這不會影響他們，” 澤夫講道。“但是一個高敏感的人會有更深度的感覺。”
16. Cubicles = good. Open-office plans = bad. ?
16. 小隔間=棒。開放辦公室=糟糕。
Just like highly sensitive people tend to prefer solo workouts, they may also prefer solo work environments. Zeff says that many highly sensitive people enjoy working from home or being self-employed because they can control the stimuli in their work environments. For those without the luxury of creating their own flexible work schedules (and environments), Zeff notes that highly sensitive people might enjoy working in a cubicle -- where they have more privacy and less noise -- than in an open-office plan.
就像高敏感的人傾向於喜歡獨自運動，他們也可能更喜歡單獨的工作環境。澤夫說很多高敏感的人很享受在家工作或者個體經營，因爲這樣他們可以控制工作環境中的外界刺激。對那些沒有這種奢侈去創造適合自己個人的靈活的工作時間(和環境)的人而言，高敏感的人可能喜歡在小隔間工作，和開放辦公室相比，他們會有更多的私人空間和更少的噪音。
雅思閱讀材料大集合：MH370機長起飛前接神祕電話?
英國媒體報道，馬航失聯客機MH370航班的機長查哈里在客機起飛前，曾接過一個維持了兩分鐘的神祕電話，而當局發現，與機長最後通話的人，利用女性名字和假身分證購買電話卡，令外界揣測客機失聯或與機師有關。
不過，據馬來西亞星洲網報道稱，馬來西亞警方指報道純屬炒作，沒有根據。
《每日郵報》報道，該通電話是查哈里駕駛客機起飛前所接的最後幾個電話之一。據報道，馬來西亞警方查出電話來源後，往賣出相關SIM卡的吉隆坡店舖查證，發現有人以女性名字及假身分註冊買該SIM卡。
調查員認爲該線索甚爲重要，因任何人在馬來西亞購買預付SIM卡，須填上身份證或護照號。這是911事件後引入的條例，保證每個手機號碼可追蹤到註冊者。
由於恐怖份子慣常用預付卡與人聯絡，故外界再度揣測，機長是否與恐怖組織有聯繫。
據報道，那些曾在客機起飛前幾個小時，與機長通電話的相關人士已經被查。
英國小報《太陽報》日前率先報道指查哈里在航班起飛前，曾打了一通神祕電話，但馬來西亞警方指報道純屬炒作，沒有根據。
The captain of missing Malaysia Airlines flight MH370 received a two-minute call shortly before take-off from a mystery woman using a mobile phone number obtained under a false identity.
It was one of the last calls made to or from the mobile of Captain Zaharie Ahmad Shah in the hours before his Boeing 777 left Kuala Lumpur 16 days ago.
Investigators are treating it as potentially significant because anyone buying a pay-as-you-go SIM card in Malaysia has to fill out a form giving their identity card or passport number.
Introduced as an anti-terrorism measure following 9/11, this ensures that every number is registered to a traceable person.
But in this case police traced the number to a shop selling SIM cards in Kuala Lumpur. They found that it had been bought ‘very recently’ by someone who gave a woman’s name – but was using a false identity.
The discovery raises fears of a possible link between Captain Zaharie, 53, and terror groups whose members routinely use untraceable SIM cards. Everyone else who spoke to the pilot on his phone in the hours before the flight took off has already been interviewed.
In a separate development, The Mail on Sunday has learned that investigators are now poised to question Captain Shah’s estranged wife in detail.
They have waited two weeks out of respect, but will now begin formally interviewing Faizah Khan following pressure from FBI agents assisting the inquiry.
Although the couple – who have three children – were separated, they had been living under the same roof. A source said: ‘Faizah has been spoken to gently by officers but she has not been questioned in detail to establish her husband’s behaviour and state of mind in the days leading to the incident.
