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2017年高考英語考試知識點歸納

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英語作爲一門國際通用語,在21世紀已經向着多元化、多功能化的方向發展,所以在高考考試前我們要複習好高考英語的知識點。下面本站小編給你分享高考英語知識點歸納,歡迎閱讀。

2017年高考英語考試知識點歸納
  高考英語疑問副詞知識點歸納

1. 疑問副詞的特點

疑問副詞有when, where, why, how 等,用於引出特殊疑問句:

Where do you come from? 你是哪裏人?

When will it be ready? 這什麼時候能準備好?

Why was she crying? 她剛纔爲什麼哭?

2. 兩類易混句型的區別。請看以下兩句:

Where do you think he has gone? 你認爲他去什麼地方了?

Do you know when he will come? 你知道他什麼時候來嗎?

上面第一句爲特殊疑問句,第二句爲一般疑問句,它們不能倒過來說成Do you think where he has gone? When do you know he will come? 其區別是:可以用 yes 或 no 回答者,用一般疑問句的形式(疑問詞放在句中,即主句之後),適合這類句型的主句動詞通常有 know, hear, ask, tell 等;不能用 yes 或 no 回答者,用特殊疑問句的形式(疑問詞放在句首),適合這類句型的主句動詞通常有 think, believe, suppose, guess 等。

3. 使用疑問副詞的注意點

(1) 疑問副詞用於引導特殊疑問句,通常位於句首,但有時也不一定: Without friends where are we? 沒有朋友我們會怎樣?

(2) 疑問副詞引導特殊疑問句時,其後應接一般疑問句,但有時可有所省略:

Why argue with him? 爲什麼要與跟他爭吵?

Why not ask the teacher? / Why don’t you ask the teacher? 爲什麼不問問老師呢?

【注】Why 或Why not後接動詞原形,不接帶to不定式,主要用於現在或將來,不用於過去,如不說 why not tell me yesterday?應改爲Why didn’t you tell me yesterday?(昨天爲什麼不告訴我?)

(3) 有時兩個疑問副詞連用:

When and where were you born? 你生於何時何地?

特殊疑問句:

要求具體回答的問句。

1)特殊疑問句結構是:

除who以外的疑問代詞短語

疑問副詞

疑問代詞

以上+一般疑問句+?

如:What do you want?(你要什麼?)/ Who(m) are you looking for ?(你在找誰?)/ Whose magazine is this?(這是誰的雜誌?)/Which class are you in?(你在哪班?)/ When did you get up this Morning?(你今早什麼時候起身的?)/ Where have you been?(你到哪兒去了?)/ Why did he go to bed so early?(他爲什麼這麼早睡覺?)/ How did you go there?(你是怎麼去的那兒?)

但是,“who”引出的詢問主語或主語部分相關詞的特殊疑問句的結構與陳述句詞序相同:如:Who is dancing over there?(誰在那邊跳舞?)

有時“what”,“which”,“whose”也可以引出與陳述句詞序相同的特殊疑問句。如:What is on the wall?(什麼東西在牆上?/牆上有什麼?)/ Which is yours?(哪個是你的?)/ Whose book is in your bag?(誰的書在你的書包裏?)

[注意]從陳述句改爲特殊問句時,先將句子改爲一般問句,再將(劃線)提問部分更改爲疑問詞置於句首,特別要注意助動詞的使用!如果只對主語或主語的修飾詞提問,那麼只需要將疑問部分改爲疑問詞即可。

2)常用疑問代詞和疑問副詞:

疑問代詞: who, whom, whose, which, what,

疑問副詞: when, where, why, how,

how構成的短語:how many (多少個) (獨立用;或跟可數名詞), how much (多少) (獨立用;或跟不可數名詞), how old (多大年紀), how far (多遠), how often (多常),how long (多久,多長), how soon (多久以後),how many times (多少次),等等。

3)特殊疑問句有時也用否定式。如:Why don’t you ask Jim instead?(常縮略爲Why not…?) (你爲什麼不轉請Jim呢?)

4) 特殊疑問句疑問部分有時可以有兩個以上的疑問詞。如:When and where were you born? (你是何時何地出生的?)

5) 疑問詞如果是介詞的賓語,則該介詞可以在句首,也可以在句尾。如:What do you want a computer for? = For what do you want a computer? (你幹嘛要一臺電腦呢?)

  高考英語連接代詞知識點歸納

1. 以what等連接代詞引導的主語從句

What you need is more practice. 你需要的是更多的練習。

Whoever wants it may have it. 誰要都可以給他。

同類的連接代詞還有:What, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever

2. 以that, whether從屬連詞引導的主語從句

It was strange that he had made a mistake. 真奇怪,他竟然錯了。

That we need more equipment is quite obvious. 我們需要更多的設備,這是很明顯的。

Whether he will join us won't make too much difference.

他是否加入我們,沒有太大的差別。

3. 主語從句的引導詞that什麼時候可以省略

當主語從句不太長時,引導詞“that”可以省略

It's clear (that) he has done his best. 很明顯他已經盡力而爲了。

It's a wonder (that) he didn't fail. 真奇怪,他沒有失敗。

4. 以when等連接副詞引導的主語從句

When they will come hasn't been made public. 他們什麼時候來還沒有公佈。

Where she has gone is not known yet. 她去了哪兒,還不知道。

Why he did it will remain a puzzle for ever. 爲什麼他做那件事將永遠是個謎團。

5. 虛擬語氣:主語從句

形容詞爲necessary, important, impossible, strange, natural, essential時,在“It + be + 形容詞或過去分詞 + 主語從句”中,主語從句要虛擬。

It is necessary that the problem (should) be discussed at once.

立刻討論這個問題很有必要。

It is strange that he (should) have so many friends. 太奇怪了,他有那麼多的朋友。

6. 主語從句與強調句的區別

注意事項:

1)在主語從句中,把It was … that去掉之後,就已經完全不像一個句子了。

2)在強調句中,把It was … that去掉之後,還基本上像個句子。

3)主語從句有以下的引導詞:what,who,whom,whose,which,whatever,whoever,whichever

4)強調句的引導詞只有:that, who.

主語從句:

It was strange that he had made a mistake. 如果把,It was … that 去掉以後,剩下strange he had made a mistake.就不算是句子了。

It is immaterial where or when he goes. 他去何處或者何時去是無關緊要的。

It is said that…, 和It is reported that…這樣的結構,後面接的是主語從句:

It is said that he‘s got married. 聽說他已經結婚了。

強調句:

It was she that had been wrong. 錯的是她。(強調主語)如果把,It was … that 去掉以後,剩下she had been wrong.還勉強算的上是一個句子。

It was this novel that they talked about last night. 他們昨晚談論的是這部小說。(強調賓語)

It was in London that I first saw her. 我是在倫敦第一次見到她的。(強調地點狀語)

  高考英語從屬連詞知識點歸納

這種連詞是用以引導名詞性從句定語從句和狀語從句的,由從屬連詞所引導的句子叫從句,而含有從句的句子叫作複合句。

從屬連詞可分爲三大類:

1、that (無詞義,不做成分)

if,whether (表達是否的意義,但不做句子成分)

2、連接代詞:who,whom,whose,what,which,whatever, whoever, whichever(有詞義,在句子中可作主語、表語、賓語)

3、連接副詞:when,where,why,how,how many,how long,how far,however,whenever,wherever (有詞義,作從句的狀語)

用法:

從結構上說,英語連接詞分兩大類:並列連詞和從屬連詞。

並列連詞連接兩個或兩個以上地位平等的字、詞組或分句。例如:

(1) Air and water are indispensable to me.

(2) She likes going out with friends or playing outdoor games.

(3) Most workers have a good income, so they look very happy.

從屬連詞連接兩個或兩個以上的分句,形成複雜句中的從屬分句。例如:

(4) He said that he did not want to go .

(5) Many things have happened since I last saw him.

(6) You may come if you want to.

從屬連詞用來連接各種從句。

until(till)直到,在用until表達時間狀語的句子中,主句中的動詞是要十分小心去選擇的。

如動詞是持續行動詞,它要用肯定句,如:

I studied hard until 12 o'clock last night.

如果動詞是瞬間截止性動詞,則要用否定句,如:

He didn't go to bed until his mother came back.

由since,for,by,before, 來引導的時間狀語從句。

since 引導的時間狀語是動作的開始時間,如:

I have studied English since 1990.

而by引導的時間狀語通常是動作的結束時間,如:

I had learned 25 English songs by the end of last term.

從屬連詞語法分類:

種類語法作用連詞舉例
從屬連詞引導原因狀語從句Because, since
引導條件狀語從句If, unless, as long as
引導目的狀語從句So that
引導結果狀語從句So…that
引導方式狀語從句As, just as, as if
引導讓步狀語從句Though, although, even
though, no matter what,
however, no matter how,
whoever, no matter who,
wherever, no matter where
引導比較狀語從句As…as, not so…as, than,
less…than, the more…the
more
引導名詞性從句Who, whom, whose, which,
that, when, where, why

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