老託福閱讀100解析資料彙總
託福閱讀100篇的文章內容，也是大家日常備考中，練習的重點內容，這些文章的練習，有助於大家更好的提高閱讀水平。那麼在具體的對於備考中，到底這部分的內容是什麼，大家如何更好的練習這些內容呢?下面小編爲大家整理了詳細的內容，供大家參考!
老託福閱讀100解析資料彙總
Perhaps one of the Most dramatic andimportant changes that took place in the Mesozoic era occurred late in thatera, among the small organisms that populate the uppermost, sunlit portion ofthe oceans the plankton. The term "plankton" is a broad one,designating all of the small plants and animals that float about or weaklypropel themselves through the sea. In the late stages of the Mesozoic era,during the Cretaceous period, there was a great expansion of plankton thatprecipitated skeletons or shells composed of two types of mineral: silica andcalcium carbonate.
This development radically changed the typesof sediments that accumulated on the seafloor, because, while the organic partsof the plankton decayed after the organisms died, their mineralized skeletonsoften survived and sank to the bottom. For the first time in the Earth's longhistory, very large quantities of silica skeletons, which would eventuallyharden into rock, began to pile up in parts of the deep sea. Thick deposits ofcalcareous ooze made up of the tiny remains of the calcium carbonate-secretingplankton also accumulated as never before. The famous white chalk cliffs ofDover, in the southeast of England, are just one example of the huge quantitiesof such material that amassed during the Cretaceous period; there are manymore. Just why the calcareous plankton were so prolific during the latter partof the Cretaceous period is not fully understood. Such massive amounts ofchalky sediments have never since been deposited over a comparable period oftime.
Thehigh biological productivity of the Cretaceous oceans also led to idealconditions for oil accumulation. Oil is formed when organic material trapped insediments is slowly buried and subjected to increased temperatures andpressures, transforming it into petroleum. Sediments rich in organic materialaccumulated along the margins of the Tethys Seaway, the tropical east-westocean that formed when Earth's single landmass (known as Pangaea) split apartduring the Mesozoic era. Many of today's important oil fields are found inthose sediments in Russia, the Middle East, the Gulf of Mexico, and in thestates of Texas and Louisiana in the United States.
託福閱讀文章類型有哪幾類
學術性文章的篇章結構
在學術性文章中一般需要具備三個組成部分：
(1)Topic 話題即文章的主角是什麼，比如講解某個科學理論、研究某種社會現象，探討某個歷史事件;在託福文章中這種導入性信息往往出現在篇首位置，考生可以根據篇首段信息對整篇文章所要討論的核心內容有一個大體的瞭解。
(2)Aspects 方面：即將篇首的話題延伸拓展爲若干個方面進行闡述說明。若話題爲某個科學論點則方面可能分爲若干個支持論據，若話題爲某種自然現象則方面可能分爲若干個內外成因，若話題爲某個歷史事件這方面爲幾段發展時期，在託福閱讀文章中往往依照各個方面之間的層次關係，將各個方面拆分爲若干個獨立的自然段落共同組成行文主體。
(3)Attitude態度即文章的作者對於所討論話題持怎樣的態度，或是積極肯定、或是消極否定、或是保持中立，在託福閱讀文章中態度往往是被較多的淡化甚至有可能省略不提。
Topic話題 +Aspects方面 + Attitude態度這三要素加起來就是標準學術論文體的"T+A+A篇章結構"，託福文章大都遵循這種結構這就可以通過篇首段落信息來把控整個文章話題及大致的討論方向，再抓住文章的各個段落的主旨就可以瞭解到整個文章的脈絡和文章的邏輯結構。
學術性文章的段落結構
學術性文章的自然段落一般需要具備兩個組成部分：
(1) Topic Sentence 主旨句：表達段落的主旨即本段想要表達的核心內容是什麼。
(2) Detail 細節：爲了詳細說明段落中心含義，所羅列的相關支持內容即本段通過哪些例證來闡明主旨句。
Topic Sentence主旨句 + Detail細節這兩個要素加起來就是標準學術論文體的"TS+D段落結構"，託福文章段落遵循這種結構就可以通過段落的主旨句把握該段的中心含義了。
託福閱讀文章來源的15個網站
《紐約時報》The New York Times:
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《紐約客》The New Yorker:
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《泰晤士報》 Times:
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《衛報》 The Guardian:
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《觀察家報》 The Observer:
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《星期日報》The Sunday Times:
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《每日快報》 The Daily Express:
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《每日郵報》 The Daily Mail:
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《世界新聞報》 The News of the World:
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《國家地理》National Geographic:
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《大西洋月刊》The Atlantic Monthly:
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《經濟學人》The Economist
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《新政治家》The New Statesman:
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《泰晤士報文學增刊》The Times Literary Supplement:
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《高等教育紀事報》The Chronicle of Higher Education:
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託福閱讀詞彙題的答題技巧
一.託福閱讀詞彙題答題技巧
1.在文章中定位到陰影標識的單詞或短語。
2.仔細閱讀該詞或短語所在句子。
3.在句子中尋找可以幫助理解陰影標識的單詞或短語的具體意思的線索。
4.選擇答案，並將所選擇的單詞或短語放入原文進行檢驗，以確認這個句子在全文中仍是有意義的。
提醒考生注意，選擇答案時，不要僅僅因爲某個選項符合該單詞的某一個正確意思就將其作爲正確選項;題目考察的是作者在文章上下文中使用了那一個詞義。
二.遇到迷惑性選項怎麼辦
在托福考試中，無法通過上下文和詞綴詞根來猜詞的題目不在少數。
A flood of ice would then surge into the Southern Sea. With the continued rise in sea level, more ice would plunge into the ocean, causing sea levels to rise even higher, which in turn would release more ice and set in motion a vicious cycle. (A) drop?(B) extend (C) melt (D) drift。
首先在我們不認識“plunge”這個詞的前提下，我們會嘗試着看plunge所在的句子，通過句子不難發現，句子告訴我們“隨着海平面的上升，更多的冰將要plunge到海里”，此時，有一個極具迷惑性的選項C：melt。
因爲通過上下文，melt(融化)是最搭配ice的，符合語境的。並且，plunge這個詞並不含有顯而易見的“詞綴”和“詞根”，所以，通過詞根詞綴猜詞的想法也無法實現了。正確答案卻是A：drop，因爲plunge是“投入;突然下降”的意思，和drop是同義替換關係，因此選A。
三.多刷題
接下來需要研究的就是要如何有針對性的提高單詞量來提高詞彙題正確率。最先需要做的一件事情是將目前的真題裏面所有的詞彙題做一遍，總結錯題和生僻詞彙。當你在大量做題時，就會發現一個現象：詞彙題有很多重複的詞彙在反覆地被考查着。
例如：
ens helped to speed the decomposition of the hard rock surfaces, preparing a soft bed of soil that was abundantly supplied with minerals that had been carried in the molten rock from the bowels of Earth.
sionally
tifully
ully
unately
far the most abundant form of geothermal energy occurs at the relatively low temperatures of 80°to 180°centigrade.
omical
liar
tiful
ul
不難發現，兩個題目中考查的單詞分別是“abundantly”和“abundant”，我們可以認爲這樣的詞彙就算做是重複考查的對象了,所選擇的選項也是“plentfifully”和“plentiful”。
