2018年12月英語六級考試真題測試（12）含答案

溫馨提示，距離2018年12月份的英語六級考試開考，差不多隻有1個月了，你複習得如何了？

爲了幫助廣大的考生們備考複習，小編整理了六級真題的相關信息，一起來做做看吧。看看你掌握了多少？

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:

　　There were two widely divergent influences on the early development of statistical methods. Statistics had a mother who was dedicated to keeping orderly records of governmental units (state and statistics come from the same Latin root, status) and a gentlemanly gambling father who relied on mathematics to increase his skill at playing the odds in games of chance. The influence of the mother on the offspring, statistics, is represented by counting, measuring, describing, tabulating, ordering, and the taking of censuses-all of which led to modern descriptive statistics. From the influence of the father came modern inferential statistics, which is based squarely on theories of probability.

　　Descriptive statistics involves tabulating, depicting, and describing collections of data. These data may be either quantitative, such as measures of height, intelligence, or grade level-variables that are characterized by an underlying continuum-or the data many represent qualitative variables, such as sex, college major, or personality type. Large masses of data must generally undergo a process of summarization or reducing to comprehensibly form the properties of an otherwise unwieldy mass of data.

　　Inferential statistics is a formalized body of methods for solving another class of problems that present great difficulties for the unaided human mind. This general class of problems characteristically involves attempts to make predictions using a sample of observations. For example, a school superintendent wishes to determine the proportion of children in a large school system who come to school without breakfast, have been vaccinated for flu, or whatever. Having a little knowledge of statistics, the superintendent would know that it is unnecessary and inefficiency to question each child; the proportion for the entire district could be estimated fairly accurately from a sample of as few as 100 children. Thus, the purpose of inferential statistics is to predict or estimate characteristics of a population from a knowledge of the characteristics of only a sample of the population.

　　31.What is the passage mainly concerned with?

　　A) Development and application of statistics.

　　B) Origin of descriptive statistics.

　　C) Limitations of inferential statistics.

　　D) Importance of statistics.

　　32.Describing and tabulating are associated with ____.

　　A) inferential statistics

　　B) descriptive statistics

　　C) theories of probability

　　D) inefficiency of counting

　　33.Which of the following statements is true about descriptive statistics?

　　A) It combines quantitative variables and qualitative variables.

　　B) It can be used to deal with only quantitative variables.

　　C) It helps to summarize properties of a group of data.

　　D) It helps to make predictions using a sample of observations.

      34.The word "unwieldy" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ____.

　　A) difficult to collect 　　B) difficult to tackle

　　C) incomprehensive　　D) uncontrollable

　　35.A sample of a population is often examined for the following purposes except ____.

　　A) to make a more accurate prediction of trend

　　B) to improve efficiency and avoid unnecessary work

　　C) to save the trouble of approaching every members

　　D) to predict characteristics of the entire population

【參考答案】

31.【答案】A。

　　【譯文】本文主要講述什麼?

　　【試題分析】典型的歸納概括題，要求考生歸納總結文章的中心思想。

　　【詳細解答】首先細想一下全文的內容概要，再看四個選項。A)"統計學的發展與應用"，正是文章所講的主要內容;B)"描述性統計"的起源，只 說了文章中很小的一個方面;C)"推理統計方法的侷限性"，文章中沒有提及;D)"統計的重要性"，不是本文的重點。綜合比較，A)正確。

32.【答案】B。

　　【譯文】描述和列表與____相關?

　　【試題分析】細節理解題。找到文章中相關的內容，理解其含義，然後做答。

　　【詳細解答】從文章的第二段可以得知，描述和列表是描述性統計方法的兩種形式。再看四個選項。A)"推理性統計"，沒有任何關係;B)"描述性 統計"，正好相關;C)"可能性理論"，從第一段末可知，該理論是用於推理性統計的;D)"計算的無效"，與文章內容不符。故選B)。

33.【答案】C。

　　【譯文】關於描述性統計下列哪一個陳述是正確的?

　　【試題分析】分析判斷題。對比分析，存真去僞。

　　【詳細解答】仔細比較四個選項。A)"它將數量變量和質量變量結合起來了"，這誤解了第二段中第二句話"either...or..."句型，要麼是數量變量，要麼是質量變量;B)"它只能用來處理數量變量"，也與上面句型含義相悖;C)"它有助於總結一組數據的特徵"，這正是第二段最後一句話"Large masses of data... the properties of an otherwise unwieldy mass of data."的含義;D)"它有助於使用觀察抽樣進行預測"，這是推理性統計。所以選C)。

34.【答案】B。

　　【譯文】與第二段中"unwieldy" 單詞意思接近的是____

　　【試題分析】猜測詞義題。通過上下文的含義猜測生詞的詞義，將四個選項分別放到原句子中去比較也不失爲一種好辦法。

　　【詳細解答】第二段最後一句話"Large masses of data... the properties of an otherwise unwieldy mass of data."的意思是說，大量的數據羣必須要有一個總結或減收的過程，以從可能是亂七八糟的數據羣中找出其特徵，關鍵詞是otherwise，表示前後有 個對比。可見後面提及的unwieldy mass of data是難以處理的數據。再看四個選項：A)"難以收集"，文章沒有提收集;B)"難以處理"，與上下文正好相符;C)"不可理解的"，前面說將它們整 理成容易理解的形式，可見它們還是"可以理解的";D)"不可控制的"，與句意不符。故選B)。

35.【答案】A。

　　【譯文】人口抽樣經常用於下列目的，哪一項除外?

　　【試題分析】細節理解題。找到文章中關於人口抽樣的內容，再進行比較選擇。但要注意選的是除外的那一項。

　　【詳細解答】文章最後一段講到抽樣100個小孩來進行分析預測。A)"進行更加準確的趨勢預測"，抽樣本身就不可能是爲了更加"準確"，所以A 錯，應該選A。B)"提高效率，避免不必要工作"，這正是抽樣的作用;C)"省去找每個成員的麻煩"，這也正是人口抽樣的優勢;D)"預測全體人羣的特 徵"，正是人口抽樣的目的。所以選A)。

好了，以上是小編整理的英語六級真題的語法部分（不含聽力與作文）。在做語法題時，要注意比較選項之間的差異，多對比，其次要結合題乾的語境進行思考，這樣才能提高做題的正確性。如果自學吃力，不妨試試專業老師的指導，早日拿下六級。

備考課程推薦：【Uni智能】大學英語六級高效備考班