演講時如何看起來更加自信？掌握這六招！

During presentations, positive body language was strongly correlated with more successful outcomes. We’ve found similar correlations in the political realm. During the 2012 U.S. Presidential election, an online study was conducted—1,000 participants in this study—both Democrats and Republicans—watched two-minute video clips featuring Barack Obama and Mitt Romney at campaign events. Webcams recorded the viewers’ facial expressions, and showed that Obama sparked stronger emotional responses and fewer negative ones. Even a significant number of Republicans—16%— reacted negatively to Romney. And when we analyzed the candidates’ body language, we found that Obama displayed primarily open, positive, confident positions congruent with his speech. Romney, by contrast, often gave out negative signals, diminishing his message with contradictory and distracting facial expressions and movement.

演講時，講者一些積極性的身體語言能夠大大提高演講效果。政治演講中尤爲如此。2012年美國總統大選中，民主黨和共和黨兩黨1000名成員參與了一項網上調查，觀看長達兩分半鐘的候選人（奧巴馬及羅姆尼）演講視頻。在觀看過程中，網絡攝像機記錄了每個觀看者的面部表情，最終發現，奧巴馬的演講更能激發人們的情緒，引起共鳴，但是共和黨參與人員中竟有16%都對羅姆尼的演講不滿意。兩名候選人的身體語言也各有不同，奧巴馬的身體語言多是開放式的、積極的、自信的，而後者的面部表情和身體語言大多是不積極的，從而影響了演講效果。

Of course, the election didn’t hinge on body language. But the right kinds of non-verbal communication did correlate with success.

當然，身體語言不能決定選舉結果。但正確的非語言交流方式對成功與否有着很大的影響。

How can you send out the same signals—and hopefully generate the same success? We’ve studied successful leaders across a range of fields and identified several positions which are indicators of effective, persuasive body language.

如何才能用身體語言更好地表達情緒、幫助自己成功呢？通過研究各個領域傑出領導人的身體語言，我們總結出了以下幾個可以增強說服力的動作。

Early in Bill Clinton’s political career he would punctuate his speeches with big, wide gestures that made him appear untrustworthy. To help him keep his body language under control, his advisors taught him to imagine a box in front of his chest and belly and contain his hand movements within it. Since then, “the Clinton box” has become a popular term in the field.

Bill Clinton在早期政治生涯中，習慣在演講中做大幅度動作，導致信任度降低。後來，他的顧問爲了幫助他控制身體語言，讓他在演講中想象在胸腹前抱着一個盒子，以控制雙手的移動。這就是著名的“克林頓盒子”一詞的由來。

Gesturing as if you were holding a basketball between your hands is an indicator of confidence and control, as if you almost literally have the facts at your fingertips hands. Steve Jobs frequently used this position in his speeches.

雙手像抱着一個籃球一樣的姿勢能夠增加自信、更好地掌控全場，讓你看起來更有可信度。Steve Jobs經常在演講中使用這個姿勢。

When people are nervous, their hands often flit about and fidget. When they’re confident, they are still. One way to accomplish that is to clasp both hands together in a relaxed pyramid. Many business executives employ this gesture, though beware of overuse or pairing it with domineering or arrogant facial expressions. The idea is to show you’re relaxed, not smug.

人們緊張時，手往往會隨着情緒不安地擺動。但當人們感到自信時，手的位置是固定的。保持手部固定的一個方法就是將雙手合成像金字塔一樣的形狀。許多商業領袖都會在演講中使用這個姿勢，注意不要太過拘謹，也不要配上自大、專橫的面部表情。這個手勢主要是爲了幫你放鬆緊張的情緒，而不是顯得自鳴得意。

How people stand is a strong indicator of their mindset. When you stand in this strong and steady position, with your feet about a shoulder width apart, it signals that you feel in control.

人們的站姿常常代表了精神狀態。站立時身姿挺拔、雙腳分開與肩寬常常代表對一切瞭然於胸、胸有成竹。

This gesture indicates openness and honesty. Oprah makes strong use of this during her speeches. She is a powerful, influential figure, but also appears willing to connect sincerely with the people she is speaking to, be it one person or a crowd of thousands.

這個動作代表開放和城市。Oprah在演講時經常使用這個動作。她很有說服力和影響力，同時也非常平易近人，兩種狀態可以隨意切換。

The opposite movement can be viewed positively too—as a sign of strength, authority and assertiveness. Barack Obama has often used it to calm a crowd right after moments of rousing oration.

掌心朝下也是一個積極性的姿勢，代表了力量、權威性和魄力。Barack Obama常常在一段情緒激昂的演講後使用這個手勢。

The next time you give a presentation, try to have it recorded, then review the video with the sound off, watching only your body language. How did you stand and gesture? Did you use any of these positions? If not, think about how you might do so the next time you’re in front of an audience, or even just speaking to your boss or a big client. Practice in front of a mirror, then with friends, until they feel natural.

下次演講時，你可以嘗試將整個過程記錄下來，之後重看視頻和音頻，專注看自己的身體語言。在演講中你是如何站立的？用了哪些手勢和動作？有沒有以上提到的幾種？如果沒有的話，或許下次演講或者與老闆、客戶講話時你可以嘗試使用上面提到過的手勢。最開始可以對着鏡子練習，之後可以對着朋友練習，直至熟練掌握。