雅思口語卡片題的四大拓展策略

在教學的過程中，當問到學生雅思口語三個部分的考試哪個部分最難以對付時，大多數情況下學生會認爲Part 2是最令人頭痛的部分。現在Part 2 的話題越來越細化、刁鑽，雖然有1分鐘的準備時間，但在緊張的考試環境下，大部分學生都稱“腦子是空白的”，以導致不充分的準備讓1-2分鐘的描述變得非常的慘白，無奈收尾，給考官的感覺始終印象不深刻，無法達到通過細緻的描述想親自嘗試的意願。

通過分析學生Part 2的回答範例，發現不少同學要麼僅將話題卡中給的問題提示作以簡單回答，要麼使用較爲明顯的模板回答方式---也就是我們常說的無關緊要的話，來填塞內容上的空白。如 ”If I really have to choose a place to describe, I’d like to tell you that …. is such the place.” 這也是中國學生雅思口語在40個國家和地區墊底的原因之一。在這篇文章中，將總結出四種Part 2描述題的拓展策略。

策略一：WH細節描述法

當考生在面對話題無從下手時，可以利用 ”WH Questions”來引導思路的拓展，包括 “what, when, where, who（whom）, why, how (how exactly, how often, how long, how much, how many)”。

例如，Describe a restaurant or cafe you like. 首先須明確what（the Bookworm），when（some five years ago）, where （down the south of Chengdu），who（foreigners for most of time）；其次是整個描述的重點why（comfortable, pleasant, intimate ），how exactly （detailed description of being comfortable, pleasant, and intimate），how often（once a month…），how much（30-40 yuan on average per person），how many（3 in Whole China）。

但是，朗閣海外考試研究中心在此提醒考生，在回答中，不可機械地按照每一個WH來作答，否則描述同樣會非常死板乏味，即需要靈活自然過渡每一個WH。

Sample answer：The Bookworm is my favorite cafe in this city, which is about 15 minutes drive from the Tianfu Square down the south, and unlike other fancy cafes in the downtown, it sits in a quiet surrounding. The Bookworm was born 5 years ago with the help of a journalist, who soon became the business partner and co-owner of Chengdu Bookworm. During these years, it’s been popular and welcomed by almost every foreigner in Chengdu. I guess it’s probably because the cafe is really the place that can make them feel at home, ranging from the food, coffee, inside decoration, and those books written and published from their country.

The Bookworm creates a warm and intimate atmosphere, offering its customers home style food and drink. When you get annoyed from a trouble in study or at work, having a rest at Bookworm will be the very pleasant thing to chill out. The greatest part is the live music every Friday night at which you can enjoy the best jazz and blues. There are three Bookworms in China, Beijing has the first, and Chengdu and Suzhou follow the step, therefore if you‘re taking a trip to Beijing or Suzhou, you can still have the opportunity to enjoy the nice little cafe. I like the cafe, for it’s the place where I can relax, eat, drink, read and enjoy music.

策略二：舉例支撐法

在Part 2話題描述中，如果僅有描述，仍會讓整個陳述略顯有些平淡，所以朗閣海外考試研究中心建議考生在描述的同時加上相應的例子，這樣可以大大增加描述內容的豐富性和生動性。但是， 在Part 2裏例子，並不一定要非常正式的舉例，如“For example”；口語化的一些表達方式會更自然一些，如“such as，like”。比如，”Describe a special shop”，除了描述這個shop裏有一些special goods外，若再具體舉例說明有哪些特殊商品可以更能增強生動性。In the shop, you can always find some special and interesting stuff, such as hand-made floating lantern, photo books, tiny china pot, and Nepali jewelries and things like that.

策略三：數據支撐法

Part 2話題屬於細節描述題，在適當的時候如果能夠使用數據來進一步支撐描述，可以增強話題描述的真實性和說服力。但是，建議考生在使用數據的時候不要太過誇張數字，而且頻率不應過多，使用一次數據就可以了。另外，與雅思寫作有別的是，在寫作中引用數據時最好有個出處或來源，但在回答口語Part 2問題時，這個出處可以省略，否則會導致回答內容是背誦的嫌疑，降低真實性，這就與我們的初衷背道相馳了。

比如“Describe a concert hall”，我們可以通過數據的支撐來這樣描述“The Civil Concert Hall holds about 50 to 60 shows on an average each year, receiving almost 30,000 audiences, and part of them come to this hall simply because of its comfortable seats and great sound and lighting effects. ”有了數據的支撐，可以使我們對音樂廳的規模和條件有個更直觀的瞭解，而不是簡單地描述“the concert hall is very popular and well-equipped.”

策略四：比較對照法

1-2分鐘的描述中，除了單方面地進行描述外，可以通過描述同類事物進行比較的方式來使內容更加全面細緻。但是，這個部分畢竟是口語考試，所以選用的比較類的詞語應爲口語化的連接詞，“unlike，similar，like，be different from”等。

例如“Describe a magazine”，我們這樣來描述：The magazine I’ve been reading recently is O2 (Oxygen Magazine), which mainly covers good books, movies, music, and life design as well as eco protection are the key topics throughout the whole magazine. Unlike the normal magazines, you cannot find any company’s advertisement on it. Another thing makes it different from the ordinary ones is that it uses recycled paper, and that’s what it’s aimed since it was born. 通過對比的方式，可以令考官加深對描述的印象，也豐富了枯燥話題的陳述內容。

以上四種策略可以幫助考生拓展雅思口語Part 2的回答，讓描述題不再變得單調乏味，通過舉例和數據支撐法來增強內容的真實性，細節法和比較對照法來彌補考生在題目上“無話可說”的問題，最終取得理想的分數！