26個英文字母的發音規則大綱

英文字母發音規則 一、元音字母在重讀音節中的讀音

元音字母 讀 音 例 詞

a 在開音節中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake

在閉音節中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back

e 在開音節中 [i:] he these me Chinese

在閉音節中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg

i 在開音節中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite

在閉音節中 fish big drink sit milk swim

o 在開音節中 [ou] those close go hoe home no

在閉音節中 [C] clock not box shop sock

u 在開音節中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday

在閉音節中 [Λ] bus cup jump much lunch

在開音節中，元音字母u在輔音字母j l r s後面時讀[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super

二、元音字母在重讀音節中的特殊讀音

元音字母 讀 音 例 詞

a在[w]音後面 [C] want what watch wash quality

a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father

i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high

o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold

o在m n v th前 [Λ] come monkey love mother

三、元音字母在非重讀音節中的讀音

元音字母 讀 音 例 詞

a [E]E China another woman breakfast

orange comrade village cabbage

e [E] hundred student open weekend

chicken pocket begin children

i [E]/ holiday beautiful family animal

[ai] exercise satellite

o [E] second tonight somebody welcome

[Eu] also zero photo

u [E] autumn difficult

[ju:] popular congratulation January

動詞中的a如果處在開音節位置，a讀[ei]音，例如：operate

u處在開音節位置，又在輔音字母j l r s後面時，讀[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue

在非重讀音節中，許多單詞中的元音字母a e i 即可以讀作[E]音，也可以讀作音。

四、-r音節元音字組在重讀音節中的讀音

元音字組 讀 音 例 詞

arar在[w]音後面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener

[C:] warm quarter towards

oror在[w]音後面 [C:] forty morning short

[E:] word worker worse

er ir ur [E:] certainly bird Thursday

輔音字母r雙寫時，前面的元音字母不能與r構成-r音節,而是按重讀閉音節的拼讀規則發音。例如： carry sorry hurry

-r音節在非重讀音節中通常讀[E]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday

五、-re音節元音字組在重讀音節中的讀音

元音字組 讀 音 例 詞

are [εE] care dare hare

ere [iE] here mere

ire [aiE] fire hire wire

ore [C:] more score before

ure [juE] pure cure

are ere ire ore很少出現在非重讀音節中，ure在非重讀音節中讀[E]音，例如：picture pleasure

重讀元音字母加Rr，再加非重讀元字組時，重讀元音字母應按-re音節拼讀規則拼讀，字母Rr讀[r]音。例如：parent zero story during inspiring

某些常用詞及多音節詞經常出現長音短化現象。例如：orange very American paragraph

六、元音字組在重讀音節中的讀音

元音字組 讀 音 例 詞

ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play

air [εE] air hair chair pair repair

alal在f m前 [C] small ball talk wall all

[C:l] always also salt almost

[α:] half calm

au/aw [C:] autumn daughter draw

ea [i:] teach easy cheap please

[e] heavy bread sweater weather

[ei] break great

ear [iE] hear dear near clear year

[εE] bear pear wear swear

[E:] earth learn early

ee [i:] jeep week green three

eer [iE] pioneer deer beer

ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they

[i:] either key

eu/ew在j l r s後 [ju:] new few newspaper

[u:] flew brew jewelry

ie/ei[s]音之後 [i:] piece field receive

oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal

oar/oor [C:] roar board door floor

oi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toilet

oo [u:] broom food tooth school

book look cook foot good

ou/ow [au] flower house count down

[ou] know row throw though

[Λ] young country enough

[u:] group you soup

our [C:] course your four

[auE] our hour ours

[E:] journey

ui在j l r s後 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition

[u:] juice fruit suit

七、非重讀音節中元音字組和字羣的讀音

元音字組或字羣 讀 音 例 詞

ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey

ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow

元音字組在非重讀音節中讀[E]音或。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee

-sion -tion [Fn] impression nation

-sion在元音字母后 [Vn] vision decision occasion

-tion在s後 [tFEn] question suggestion

-sten [sn] listen

-stle [sl] whistle

-sure [VE] pleasure measure

-ture [tFE] picture culture