英語中關聯連詞的使用方法

A conjunction is a word that grammatically connects two words, phrases, or clauses together. The most common examples are words like ‘and’ and ‘but’.

連詞在語法上連接兩個詞，短語或者句子。最常見的連詞是‘and’和‘but’。

For example, ‘I took the subway, and got off at 96th Street.’ Or, ‘I took the subway, but there was a delay.’ However, conjunctions can come in many forms with many different functions.

例如，‘我上了地鐵，然後在第96大街下車了’或者‘我乘地鐵了，但是我還是耽擱了’。然而，連詞有多種形式，自然也有不同的作用。

They’re a part of speech that can be broken down into several categories, and we’ll explore each one in depth with examples.

連詞是一種詞性，可以被分成好多種類，我們將附以例子來深入探討每一種。

Conjunctions can primarily be broken down into three categories:

連詞主要可以分成三種：

Coordinating conjunctions

並列連詞

Correlative conjunctions

關聯連詞

Subordinating conjunctions

從屬連詞

Correlative conjunctions list:

關聯連詞列表：

Either…or

或者…或者

Whether…or

是…還是

Neither…nor

既不…也不

Both…and

兩者都…

As…as

和…一樣

Not only…but also

不僅…而且…

No sooner…than

一…就…

Hardly…when

一…就…

EITHER…OR

或者…或者…

These correlative conjunctions come in pairs and join equal items together. The correlative conjunction “either…or” is used to join two positive options. For example:

這些關聯連詞成對出現，連接相同的肯定的成分。關聯連詞either…or用來連接兩種選擇。

We can either go to the movies or stay inside and watch Netflix.

我們要麼去看電影，要麼待在家裏看Netflix。

The sound was either a firework or a gunshot.

這聲音要麼是煙花，要麼是槍聲。

Either you stay or I leave.

不是你留下就是我離開。

A common grammatical mistake that occurs when using the correlative conjunction ‘neither…or’ is subject-verb agreement. When two (or more) items are joined by the word conjunction and serve as the subject of the sentence, the number of the verb always follows the last of the options. Multiple singular options do not create a plural noun. For example:

使用關聯連詞‘neither…or’時一個常見的錯誤就是主謂一致問題。連詞連接兩個或者多個成分作爲句子的主語時，謂語動詞的數通常根據最近的主語的數而定。多個單數名詞放到一起不能被視爲複數名詞。例如：

Either Lili or Julia wants to come with us to the festival. (The verb should be “wants,” not “want”)

無論是麗麗還是茱莉亞都想跟我們一起去過節。（謂語動詞應該是‘wants’而不是‘want’）

Either Courtney or her friends are coming to pick me up. (The verb ‘are’ follows the second item in the pair of subjects.)

考特尼和她的朋友都會來接我。（謂語動詞‘are’緊跟着第二個短語）

The word ‘either’ can be used by itself, but as a pronoun, not a conjunction. For example:

單詞either可以單獨使用，此時either是作爲代詞而不是連詞。例如：

You can ask either of us if you need any help.

如果你需要幫助，你可以找我們其中任何一個人。

“Should I get this shirt in blue or white?” “Either looks good on you.”

“我應該買藍色襯衫還是白色襯衫？”“你穿哪一件都好看。”

WHETHER…OR

是…還是

The conjunction ‘whether…or’ also pairs up two options, but they must be clauses. It’s similar to the subordinating conjunction “if” in that it brings up hypothetical conditions, but in pairs.

連詞‘whether…or’連接對等成分成對出現，但是，連接的成分必須是從句。‘Whether…or’與叢屬連詞if很像，兩者都提出假設條件，但是前者成對出現。

Whether I drink a lot or a little, my face still gets red.

無論我喝多喝少，我的臉都會變紅。

Whether it’s sunny out or raining, we’re still going to see the concert.

無論晴雨，我們都要去音樂會。

A common usage of this correlative conjunction is in the form “whether…or not” or simply “whether or not.” For example:

這個關聯連詞常以‘whether…or not ’或者‘whether or not’的形式出現，例如：

Whether the earrings are cheap or not, I’m still going to buy them.

不管耳環便宜與否，我都要買。

You have to take this class, whether or not you want to.

不管你想還是不想，你都得上課。

It’s also acceptable to simply use the word ‘whether’, which implies the phrase ‘or not’, by itself.

只使用whether這個詞來暗示‘or not’也是可以的。

In this case, it becomes a subordinating conjunction instead of a correlative one.

在這種情況下，whether就不再是關聯連詞，變成一個從屬連詞了。

I don’t care whether a man is rich if I want to date him.

如果我想和一個男人約會，我不在乎他是否有錢。

NEITHER…NOR

既不…也不

While ‘either…or’ pairs up two positive options, ‘neither…nor’ pairs up two negative options.

‘Either…or’成對出現連接肯定成份，‘neither…nor’成對出現連接否定成份。

The view at the top of mountain was neither spectacular nor very visible.

山頂的景色既不壯觀也不引人注目。

When it comes to movies, I like neither comedies nor romances.

說到電影，我既不喜歡喜劇片也不喜歡愛情片。

Neither will the workers go off strike, nor negotiate until they receive a higher pay.

除非工人們得到高一點的工資，否則他們既不會停止罷工，也不會停止談判。

Just as ‘either’ can stand by itself as a pronoun, so can ‘neither’.

就像‘either’可以作爲代詞單獨使用，‘neither’也可以。

Neither of the desserts seemed very appealing.

這兩種甜點都不吸引人。

Neither of us are working on Thanksgiving.

我們在感恩節都不工作。

The word ‘neither’ can also be used as an adverb to indicate that something also does not apply in another case. For example:

‘Neither’這個詞也可以作爲副詞使用，說明某事同樣的情況下，某事不適用。例如：

“I didn’t do very well on the last exam. Me neither.”

“上次考試我考得不好，我也是。”

I never thought that Trump would actually win the election, and neither did my friends.

我從來沒想到川普會在最後贏得選舉，我的朋友們也沒有想到。

BOTH…AND

兩者都…

This correlative conjunction is used to join two equal items together.

這個關聯連詞用來連接兩個對等的成分。

The hurricane was devastating both emotionally and economically.

在情感上和經濟上，颶風造成的傷害都很大。

We went to both the service and the reception afterwards.

後來我們去了服務檯和接待處。

I don’t know why, but both Jane and Colin have stopped talking to me.

不知道爲什麼，簡和科林都不跟我說話了。

AS…AS

和…一樣

If you want to compare two things and say that one contains a certain quality to the same extent as the other, you can use the correlative conjunction “as…as.”

如果你想比較兩種事物，並且其中一個和另一個在某種程度上質量都相等，你就可以用關聯連詞‘as…as’.

Anything I put in the refrigerator becomes as cold as ice.

我放到冰箱裏的食物都和冰一樣涼。

Jeremy’s probably as tall as any professional basketball player.

傑里米可能和職業的籃球運動員一樣高。

Run as far as you can, but don’t feel pressured to keep going.

盡你所能地跑，不要覺得有壓力，一直堅持下去。

NOT ONLY…BUT ALSO

不僅…而且

This correlative conjunction is similar to ‘both…and’ and emphasizes that two items belong in a pair.

這個關聯連詞與‘both…and’很像，強調兩個成分同屬於一個整體。

Not only did we get lost, but we also ran out of gas with no gas station in sight.

我們不僅迷路了，而且我們的汽油都用光了。

Not only is he smart, but he’s also talented.

The TV show has not only good actors but also an incredibly written script.

這部電視劇不僅演員好，劇本也寫地好。

NO SOONER…THAN

一…就…

The phrase “no sooner…than” is used to indicate that two events happened simultaneously or in quick succession. For example:

‘No sooner…than’用來指兩件事同時發生或者相繼發生,例如：

No sooner had I left the house than it started to thunder.

我剛一離開家，就開始打雷了。

No sooner had the pastor begun to speak than a baby started crying in the back.

牧師剛開始講話，一個嬰兒就在後面哭了起來。

HARDLY…WHEN

一…就…

This phrase is another alternative to ‘no sooner…than’.

這個短語是‘no sooner…than.’的另一種表達形式。

Hardly had I stepped out of the kitchen when I started to smell something burning.

我剛從廚房出來，就聞到有東西燒焦的味道。

Hardly had the party started when drinks started spilling on the floor.

聚會剛開始，飲料就灑了。

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